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Increased catabolism and decreased unsaturation of ganglioside in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第35期21卷 10080-10090页

作者： John J Miklavcic Glen K Shoemaker Vera C Mazurak M Tom Clandinin Tasha DL Hart Kareena L Schnabl Gordon M Lees bodil mk larsen Oliver F Bathe Alan BR Thomson M Tom Clandinin Alberta Institute for Human Nutrition University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2R1 Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2B7 Canada Division of General Surgery University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2B7 Canada Alberta Health Services Edmonton AB T6G 2B7 Canada Alberta Health Services Calgary AB T2N 4N2 Canada Division of Gastroenterology Western University London ON N6A 5A5 Canada Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2B7 Canada

AIM: To investigate whether accelerated catabolism of ganglioside and decreased ganglioside content contribute to the etiology of pro-inflammatory intestinal disease. METHODS: Intestinal mucosa from terminal ileum or colon was obtained from patients with ulcerative colitis or inflammatory Crohn's disease(n = 11) undergoing bowel resection and compared to control samples of normal intestine from patients with benign colon polyps(n = 6) and colorectal cancer(n = 12) in this observational case-control study. Gangliosides and phospholipids of intestinal mucosa were characterized by class and ceramide or fatty acid composition using liquid chromatography triple-quad mass spectrometry. Content and composition of ganglioside classes GM1, GM3, GD3, GD1 a, GT1 and GT3 were compared among subject groups. Content and composition of phospholipid classes phosphatidylcholine(PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine were compared among subject groups. Unsaturation index of individual ganglioside and phospholipid classes was computed and compared among subject groups. Ganglioside catabolism enzymes beta-hexosaminidase A(HEXA) and sialidase-3(NEU3) were measured in intestinal mucosa using western blot and compared among subject groups. RESULTS: Relative GM3 ganglioside content was 2-fold higher(P < 0.05) in intestine from patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) compared to control intestine. The quantity of GM3 and ratio of GM3/GD3 was also higher in IBD intestine than control tissue(P < 0.05). Control intestine exhibited 3-fold higher(P < 0.01) relative GD1 a ganglioside content than IBD intestine. GD3 and GD1 a species of ganglioside containing three unsaturated bonds were present in control intestine, but were not detected in IBD intestine. The relative content of PC containing more than two unsaturated bonds was 30% lower in IBD intestine than control intestine(P < 0.05). The relative content of HEXA in IBD intestine was increased 1.7-fold(P < 0.05) and NEU3 was increased 8.3-fold

关键词： Ganglioside Phospholipid Fatty acid Lipid Inflamma

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Processing techniques of selected oilseed by-products of potential use in animal feed: Effects on proximate nutrient composition, amino acid profile and antinutrients

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 442-451页

作者： Collins P.Duodu Daniel Adjei-Boateng Regina E.Edziyie Nelson W.Agbo Godfred Owusu-Boateng bodil K.larsen Peter V.Skov Department of Fisheries and Watershed Management Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyPMB University Post Office Section for Aquaculture DTU Aqua Technical University of Denmark

The effects of processing by autoclaving(AC), soaking(SK), short-term fermentation(S-TF, 4 d) and longterm fermentation(L-TF, 14 d) on the nutritional composition, amino acid profile and some antinutrients were determined for cottonseed meal(CSM), groundnut meal(GNM) and groundnut husk(GH) in this study. After processing, crude protein content improved by 11% after L-TF, and crude lipid content 25%after SK for CSM; crude protein content improved by 27% after S-TF and L-TF, and crude lipid content 13%after SK for GNM. Soaking and fermentation were shown to significantly increase essential amino acid contents by 44%(SK, methionine) in CSM and 46% in GNM(L-TF, histidine). Phosphorus content was reduced by 59% in CSM and 57% in GNM by L-TF. All processing techniques, with the exception of AC,reduced phytic acid and gossypol contents in CSM and GNM. It was concluded that SK and fermentation were simple, cost-effective, and efficient ways to improve the nutritional value of the selected oilseed byproducts.

关键词： Amino acid Autoclaving Fermentation Proximate composition Soaking

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