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A review of reservoir damage during hydraulic fracturing of deep and ultra-deep reservoirs

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 384-409页

作者： Kun Zhang Xiong-Fei Liu Dao-Bing Wang bo zheng Tun-hao Chen Qing Wang hao Bai Er-Dong Yao Fu-Jian Zhou National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing102249China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical TechnologyBeijing102617China Tuha Downhole Operation Company CNPC Xibu Drilling Engineering Company LimitedShanshan838200XinjiangChina

Deep and ultra-deep reservoirs have gradually become the primary focus of hydrocarbon exploration as a result of a series of significant discoveries in deep hydrocarbon exploration *** reservoirs present unique challenges due to their deep burial depth(4500-8882 m),low matrix permeability,complex crustal stress conditions,high temperature and pressure(HTHP,150-200℃,105-155 MPa),coupled with high salinity of formation ***,the costs associated with their exploitation and development are exceptionally *** deep and ultra-deep reservoirs,hydraulic fracturing is commonly used to achieve high and stable *** hydraulic fracturing,a substantial volume of fluid is injected into the ***,statistical analysis reveals that the flowback rate is typically less than 30%,leaving the majority of the fluid trapped within the ***,hydraulic fracturing in deep reservoirs not only enhances the reservoir permeability by creating artificial fractures but also damages reservoirs due to the fracturing fluids *** challenging“three-high”environment of a deep reservoir,characterized by high temperature,high pressure,and high salinity,exacerbates conventional forms of damage,including water sensitivity,retention of fracturing fluids,rock creep,and proppant *** addition,specific damage mechanisms come into play,such as fracturing fluid decomposition at elevated temperatures and proppant diagenetic reactions at HTHP ***,the foremost concern in deep oil and gas development lies in effectively assessing the damage inflicted on these reservoirs by hydraulic fracturing,comprehending the underlying mechanisms,and selecting appropriate ***'s noteworthy that the majority of existing studies on reservoir damage primarily focus on conventional reservoirs,with limited attention given to deep reservoirs and a lack of systematic *** light of this,our approach entails initially summarizin

关键词： Artificial fracture Deep and ultra-deep reservoir Fracture conductivity Fracturing fluid Hydraulic fracturing Reservoir damage

Black hole evaporation and its remnants with the generalized uncertainty principle including a linear term

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 125-136页

作者： bo Yu zheng-wen Long College of Physics Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China

In recent years,researchers have investigated the evaporation of Schwarzschild black holes using various forms of the generalized uncertainty principle(GUP),metric quantum correction,and noncommutative geometry,***,there are differences between the GUP correction and the other two methods in terms of describing the later stages of black hole ***,some studies argue that the GUP with a negative parameter cannot effectively correct black hole evaporation,while others contend that the positivity or negativity of the GUP parameters should not affect the correction *** the above into consideration,we reconsider black hole evaporation with the generalized uncertainty principle including a linear term(LGUP),and examine the case of negative *** results indicate that the evaporation behavior of both Schwarzschild black holes and Reissner–Nordstr?m black holes,under LGUP correction,is consistent with the results of metric quantum correction and non-commutative ***,the negative parameter LGUP can also effectively correct for black hole evaporation.

关键词： black hole evaporation generalized uncertainty principle negative parameter

Safe Motion Planning and Control Framework for Automated Vehicles with Zonotopic TRMPC

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 146-159页

作者： hao zheng Yinong Li Ling zheng Ehsan Hashemi State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2H5Canada

Model mismatches can cause multi-dimensional uncertainties for the receding horizon control strategies of automated vehicles(AVs).The uncertainties may lead to potentially hazardous behaviors when the AV tracks ideal trajectories that are individually optimized by the AV's planning *** address this issue,this study proposes a safe motion planning and control(SMPAC)framework for *** the control layer,a dynamic model including multi-dimensional uncertainties is established.A zonotopic tube-based robust model predictive control scheme is proposed to constrain the uncertain system in a bounded minimum robust positive invariant set.A flexible tube with varying cross-sections is constructed to reduce the controller *** the planning layer,a concept of safety sets,representing the geometric boundaries of the ego vehicle and obstacles under uncertainties,is *** safety sets provide the basis for the subsequent evaluation and ranking of the generated *** efficient collision avoidance algorithm decides the desired trajectory through the intersection detection of the safety sets between the ego vehicle and obstacles.A numerical simulation and hardware-in-the-loop experiment validate the effectiveness and real-time performance of the *** result of two driving scenarios indicates that the SMPAC can guarantee the safety of automated driving under multi-dimensional uncertainties.

关键词： Automated vehicles Automated driving Motion planning Motion control Tube MPC Zonotope

Selective N-Methylation of N-Methylaniline with CO_(2) and H_(2) over Cu/In_(2)O_(3) Catalyst

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第3期42卷 276-282页

作者： Huan zheng bo Qian Lin He State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu730000 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

N-Methylation of amines with CO_(2) and H2 is a potential approach for CO_(2) utilization because N-methylated amines can be used as solvents and organic intermediates. In_(2)O_(3)-supported Cu (Cu/In_(2)O_(3)) acts as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for N-methylation reaction of N-methylaniline (MA) with CO_(2) and H_(2),showing higher N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) selectivity than other supported Cu catalysts. On one hand,the dispersion of Cu can be improved by the defective In_(2)O_(3) support. On the other hand,In_(2)O_(3) support is active in the dissociative adsorption of CO_(2) through C—O bond breaking. In addition,the H_(2) dissociation ability of In_(2)O_(3) can also be enhanced by Cu. The combination of Cu and In_(2)O_(3) is effective in the activation of CO_(2),the adsorption of intermediate N-methylformanilide (MFA),the hydrogenation of MFA to DMA and the prohibition of C—N bond cleavage side reactions,thereby enhancing the reaction rate of MA conversion and the selectivity to DMA.

关键词： N-Methylation CO_(2) Cu/In_(2)O_(3) Supported catalysts Heterogeneous catalysis

Plasma spray coating on interconnector toward promoted solid oxide fuel cells and solid oxide electrolysis cells

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第3期18卷 390-398页

作者： Junwen CAO Yun zheng Wenqiang ZHANG bo YU Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology(INET) Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Chemical Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Institute of New Energy Materials and Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

Interconnector is a critical component to construct solid oxide cells (SOCs) stack. Oxidation of metallic interconnectors and Cr poisoning caused by oxidation are important factors that lead to long-term performance degradation of SOCs. Coating on the interconnector surface is an important approach to inhibit the oxidation and Cr migration of the interconnector. Herein, (La0.75Sr0.25)0.95MnO3–δ (LSM) and Mn1.5Co1.5O4 (MCO) are used to fabricate the coatings of interconnector. Two advanced thermal spray technology, atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) and low-pressure plasma spray (LPPS), are adopted for the coating preparation. The electrochemical performance, rising and cooling cycle stability, and Cr diffusion inhibition performance of the coatings are tested and evaluated. The result indicates that MCO can generate more uniform and denser coatings than LSM. In addition, MCO coatings prepared by LPPS shows the best electrochemical performance, rising and cooling cycle stability, and Cr diffusion inhibition. The initial area specific resistance (ASR) is 0.0027 Ω·cm2 at 800 °C. After 4 cooling cycle tests, the ASR increases to 0.0032 Ω·cm2 but lower than other samples. Meanwhile, the relative intense of Cr at the interface of SUS430 with MCO coatings fabricated by LPPS is lower than that of MCO fabricated by APS after 4 rising and cooling cycle operations, showing more favorable Cr diffusion inhibition performance.

关键词： interconnector coating plasma spray electrochemical performance Cr diffusion inhibition solid oxide cells(SOCs)

Deciphering the cellular heterogeneity of the insect brainwith single-cell RNA sequencing

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 314-327页

作者： Xiaofei Wang Yifan Zhai hao zheng Institute of Plant Protection Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina College of Food Science and Nutritional En-gineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects Ministry of Agriculture and RuralAffairsJinanChina Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Diseases and In-sectPests JinanChina

Insects show highly complicated adaptive and sophisticated behaviors, includ-ing spatial orientation skills, learning ability, and social interaction. These behaviors arecontrolled by the insect brain, the central part of the nervous system. The tiny insect brainconsists of millions of highly differentiated and interconnected cells forming a complexnetwork. Decades of research has gone into an understanding of which parts of the insectbrain possess particular behaviors, but exactly how they modulate these functional conse-quences needs to be clarified. Detailed description of the brain and behavior is required todecipher the complexity of cell types, as well as their connectivity and function. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged recently as a breakthrough technologyto understand the transcriptome at cellular resolution. With scRNA-seq, it is possible touncover the cellular heterogeneity of brain cells and elucidate their specific functions andstate. In this review, we first review the basic structure of insect brains and the links toinsect behaviors mainly focusing on learning and memory. Then the scRNA applicationson insect brains are introduced by representative studies. Single-cell RNA-seq has allowedresearchers to classify cell subpopulations within different insect brain regions, pinpointsingle-cell developmental trajectories, and identify gene regulatory networks. These devel-opments empower the advances in neuroscience and shed light on the intricate problemsin understanding insect brain functions and behaviors.

关键词： behavior brain cell type insect single-cell RNA sequencing

Fractal Characteristics and Main Controlling Factors of High-Quality Tight Sandstone Reservoirs in the Southeastern Ordos Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 631-641页

作者： Ruilin hao Wenhui Huang Jiu bo Li Yuan Key Laboratory for Marine Reservoir Evolution and Hydrocarbon Abundance Mechanism School of Energy ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesMinistry of EducationBeijing100083China

Due to the complex conditions and strong heterogeneity of tight sandstone reservoirs,the reservoirs should be classified and the controlling factors of physical properties should be *** thin section observations,cathodoluminescence,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and high-pressure mercury injection(HPMI)were used to classify and optimize the *** Brooks-Corey model and stepwise regression were used to study the fractal dimension and main controlling factors of the physical properties of the high-quality *** results show that the reservoirs in the study area can be divided into four types,and the high-quality reservoir has the best physical properties and pore-throat *** the high-quality reservoir,the homogeneity of transitional pores was the best,followed by that of micropores,and the worst was *** porosity was controlled by depth and *** model with standardized coefficients is y=12.454−0.778×(Depth)+0.395×(Kaolinite).The permeability was controlled by depth,illite/montmorillonite,and siliceous cement,and the model with standardized coefficients is y=1.689−0.683×(Depth)−0.395×(Illite/Montmorillonite)−0.337×(Siliceous Cement).The pore-throat evolutionary model shows that the early-middle diagenetic period was when the reservoir physical properties were at their best,and the kaolinite intercrystalline pores and residual intergranular pores were the most important.

关键词： fractal dimension main controlling factors stepwise regression high-quality tight sandstone reservoir Ordos Basin petroleum geolgoy

Realizing high initial Coulombic efficiency in manganese-based layered oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries via P2/O'3 biphasic structure optimization

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2093-2102页

作者： bo Peng Zi-hao Zhou Ping Xuan Jie Xu Lian-bo Ma School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University ofTechnologyMa'anshan 243002China Anhui Product Quality Supervision&Inspection Research Institute Hefei 230051China

Mn-based layered oxides are among the most promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries owing to the advantages of abundance,environmenta friendliness,low cost and high specific capacity.P2 and O'3 are two representative structures of Mn-based layered ***,the P2 structure containing insufficien Na generally exhibits low initial charge capacity,while O'3structure with sufficient Na delivers high initial charge capacity but poor cycle *** study prepared a multitude of Na_(x)MnO_(2)(x=0.7,0.8,0.9)cathode materials with varying P2/O'3 ratios and further investigated their electrochemical *** optimized Na_(0.8)MnO_(2) comprising 69.9 wt%O'3 and 30.1 wt%P2 phase,exhibited relatively balanced specific capacity,Coulombic efficiency and cycle ***,it achieved a high specific capacity of 128.9 mAh·g^(-1) with an initia Coulombic efficiency of 98.2%in half-cell configuration The Na_(0.8)MnO_(2)//hard carbon full cell also achieved a high specific capacity of 126.7 mAh·g^(-1) with an initia Coulombic efficiency of 98.9%.Moreover,the capacity fading mechanism was revealed by combining in-situ and ex-situ X-ray *** findings of this study provide theoretical guidance for further modification design of Mnbased layered cathodes.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries Cathode materials Mn-based layered oxides P2/0'3 composites

The heterogeneity of tumor-associated macrophages and strategies to target it

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BIOCELL 2024年第3期48卷 363-378页

作者： hao LV bo ZHU DEGAO CHEN Institute of Cancer Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing400037China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy Xinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing400037China

Tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)are emerging as targets for tumor therapy because of their primary role in promoting tumor *** studies have been conducted to target TAMs by reducing their infiltration,depleting their numbers,and reversing their phenotypes to suppress tumor progression,leading to the development of drugs in preclinical and clinical ***,the heterogeneous characteristics of TAMs,including their ontogenetic and functional heterogeneity,limit their ***,in-depth exploration of the heterogeneity of TAMs,combined with immune checkpoint therapy or other therapeutic modalities could improve the efficiency of tumor *** review focuses on the heterogeneous ontogeny and function of TAMs,as well as the current development of tumor therapies targeting TAMs and combination strategies.

关键词： Tumor-associated macrophages Tissue-resident macrophages Heterogeneity Immune checkpoint therapy