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ICA-Net: improving class activation for weakly supervised semantic segmentation via joint contrastive and simulation learning

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第3期21卷 188-192页

作者： YE Zhuang LIU Ruyu sun bo School of Information Engineering Chengdu Aviation Vocational and Technical College School of Computer Science and Engineering Hangzhou Normal University Quanzhou Institute of Equipment Manufacturing Haixi Institutes Chinese Academy of Sciences

In the field of optoelectronics, certain types of data may be difficult to accurately annotate, such as high-resolution optoelectronic imaging or imaging in certain special spectral ranges. Weakly supervised learning can provide a more reliable approach in these situations. Current popular approaches mainly adopt the classification-based class activation maps (CAM) as initial pseudo labels to solve the task.

关键词： A

Magnaporthe oryzae infection triggers rice resistance to brown planthopper through the influence of jasmonic acid on the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway

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INSECT SCIENCE 2025年第1期32卷 243-259页

作者： Chen, Su Tao, Zhihuan Shen, Yanjie Yang, Rui Yan, Siyuan Chen, Zixu sun, bo Yang, Xiaofang Jining Med Univ Inst Precis Med Precis Med Lab Chron Noncommunicable Dis Shandong Jining Shandong Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Plant Physiol & Ecol CAS Ctr Excellence Mol Plant Sci Key Lab Insect Dev & Evolutionary Biol Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China Jining Med Univ Coll Med Engn at Jining Shandong Peoples R China Jining Med Univ Key Lab Med Funct Nanomat Jining Shandong Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Inst Bioengn Coll Chem & Biol Engn Hangzhou Peoples R China

In agroecosystems, plants are constantly exposed to attack from diverse herbivorous insects and microbes, and infestation with one species may change the plant defense response to other species. In our investigation of the relationships among rice plants, the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (St & aring;l) and the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, we observed a significant increase in the resistance of rice treated with rice blast to N. lugens, as evidenced by improved plant survival rates in a small population resistance study. Subsequent transcriptome data analysis revealed that the rice blast fungus can induce the expression of genes in the jasmonic acid (JA) and flavonoid pathways. Similar to the flavonoid pathway, the JA pathway also contains 2 types of genes that exhibit similar and opposite trends in response to N. lugens and rice blast. Among these genes, the osjaz1 mutant and the osmyc2 mutant were phenotypically confirmed to positively and negatively regulate rice resistance to N. lugens and rice blast, respectively. Subsequent mass spectrometry and quantification experiments showed that the exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) can induce the accumulation of eriodictyol, naringenin and quercetin, as well as the expression of OsF3H, Os4CL5 and OsCHI in the flavonoid pathway. This suggests a close connection between the JA pathway and the flavonoid pathway. However, OsF3'H, which negatively regulates rice resistance to N. lugens and rice blast, did not show increased expression. Phenotypic and molecular experiments confirmed that OsMYC2 can bind to and inhibit the expression of OsF3'H, thus revealing the mechanism of rice resistance to N. lugens after treatment with rice blast. These findings will deepen our understanding of the interactions among rice, N. lugens and rice blast.

关键词： flavonoid jasmonic acid Nilaparvata lugens rice rice blast

Application of the improved dung beetle optimizer,muti-head attention and hybrid deep learning algorithms to groundwater depth prediction in the Ningxia area,China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 18-23页

作者： Jiarui Cai bo sun Huijun Wang Yi Zheng Siyu Zhou Huixin Li Yanyan Huang Peishu Zong Collaborative Innovation Center on forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment ChangeNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) ZhuhaiChina China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory of Transportation MeteorologyNanjingChina Jiangsu Meteorological Observatory NanjingChina

Due to the lack of accurate data and complex parameterization,the prediction of groundwater depth is a chal-lenge for numerical *** learning can effectively solve this issue and has been proven useful in the prediction of groundwater depth in many *** this study,two new models are applied to the prediction of groundwater depth in the Ningxia area,*** two models combine the improved dung beetle optimizer(Dbo)algorithm with two deep learning models:The Multi-head Attention-Convolution Neural Network-Long Short Term Memory networks(MH-CNN-LSTM)and the Multi-head Attention-Convolution Neural Network-Gated Recurrent Unit(MH-CNN-GRU).The models with Dbo show better prediction performance,with larger R(correlation coefficient),RPD(residual prediction deviation),and lower RMSE(root-mean-square error).Com-pared with the models with the original Dbo,the R and RPD of models with the improved Dbo increase by over 1.5%,and the RMSE decreases by over 1.8%,indicating better prediction *** addition,compared with the multiple linear regression model,a traditional statistical model,deep learning models have better prediction performance.

关键词： Groundwater depth Multi-head attention Improved dung beetle optimizer CNN-LSTM CNN-GRU Ningxia

Compound hot drought events in the Mei-yu region:influences from polar and tropical regions

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Science Bulletin 2025年第2期70卷 273-282页

作者： Huixin Li bo sun Zhongshi Zhang Huijun Wang Yeran Zhou Jiani Zeng botao Zhou Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment ChangeNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai 519000China Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Atmospheric Science School of Environmental StudiesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Geographic Science Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

In the Mei-yu region,there has been noticeable increase in the occurrence of compound hot drought(CHD)events in recent ***,the underlying causes of these occurrences remain poorly *** address this knowledge gap,we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing observational datasets,reanalysis datasets,and four numerical experiments to investigate the associated physical *** findings indicated that the prevalence of CHD events in the Mei-yu region is influenced strongly by two key factors:the decline in Barents Sea ice during February and the presence of a La Ni?alike pattern of sea surface temperature(SST)in *** decline in Barents Sea ice generates an anomalous Rossby wave in the Arctic that propagates *** La Ni?a-like SST pattern regulates a Rossby wave over western America,propagating along the subtropical jet *** two Rossby waves induce northward movement and strengthened intensity of the subtropical westerly jet in East *** local circulation patterns in the Mei-yu region are influenced by the position and intensity of the subtropical jet,leading to downward motion in accordance with the secondary circulation theory for high-altitude jet ***,these local circulation patterns might contribute to occurrence of CHD ***,our analysis revealed that the impact of Barents Sea ice and the La Ni?a-like SST pattern can explain approximately two-thirds of the mild CHD events in the Mei-yu region,and that the influence of each is relatively *** research underscores influences of polar–tropical systems on climate extremes in eastern Asia.

关键词： Compound hot drought events Mei-yu region June-July Barents Sea ice La Niña-like SST Respective and combined influences

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超声报告对孤立性附睾结核及时诊断的影响

中国超声医学杂志 2025年第1期41卷 117-119页

作者：孙波邓家琦斯莹西南医科大学附属医院超声科西南医科大学附属医院感染病科结核病科感染与免疫实验室

目的分析超声报告的相关术语如何影响孤立性附睾结核患者的后续管理。方法回顾性分析26例经病理学或细胞学诊断为孤立性附睾结核患者的相关资料。与孤立性附睾结核相关的术语分为3个相互排斥的类别。治疗相关的结果包括首次结核分枝... 详细信息

目的分析超声报告的相关术语如何影响孤立性附睾结核患者的后续管理。方法回顾性分析26例经病理学或细胞学诊断为孤立性附睾结核患者的相关资料。与孤立性附睾结核相关的术语分为3个相互排斥的类别。治疗相关的结果包括首次结核分枝杆菌检测时间和首次抗结核治疗时间。结果 11例患者的超声报告提到“附睾结核”,7例患者的超声报告提到“钙化”、“肿胀”和“回声不均匀”,8例患者的超声报告不包含上述超声术语。进一步分析发现，超声报告中提到“附睾结核”的患者首次结核分枝杆菌检测时间和首次抗结核治疗时间明显缩短。结论超声报告中的“附睾结核”和“钙化”等术语与首次结核分枝杆菌检测时间和首次抗结核治疗时间较短相关。超声医师根据不同阶段的超声声像图准确使用超声术语有助于提高孤立性附睾结核诊断的准确度。

关键词：孤立性附睾结核超声报告诊断

地铁深基坑开挖对旁侧并行高架桥梁的影响分析

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工程建设与设计 2025年第3期 18-20页

作者：孙波中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司武汉430063

以某地铁车站深基坑工程案例为背景,介绍了深基坑的设计方案,以及对旁侧并行高架桥梁的保护方案。同时,通过数值模拟,分析了地铁深基坑施工对既有高架桥梁的影响,与现场监测数据进行对比后,验证了数值分析的可靠性。结果表明,该项目基... 详细信息

以某地铁车站深基坑工程案例为背景,介绍了深基坑的设计方案,以及对旁侧并行高架桥梁的保护方案。同时,通过数值模拟,分析了地铁深基坑施工对既有高架桥梁的影响,与现场监测数据进行对比后,验证了数值分析的可靠性。结果表明,该项目基坑开挖对既有高架桥梁的影响可控,设计方案合理。

关键词：地铁深基坑旁侧并行高架桥梁 MJS加固钢支撑伺服系统

我国中小企业知识产权融资问题分析及对策研究

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山东纺织经济 2025年第1期42卷 18-22页

作者：孙博山东商务职业学院山东烟台264000

本文深入探讨了我国中小型企业在知识产权融资过程中所面临的各种挑战,诸如知识产权的价值评估难题、资金获取途径和渠道不畅通以及应对风险的机制不完善等问题。通过借鉴国内外中小企业知识产权融资的成功经验与实践,提出了针对性的对... 详细信息

本文深入探讨了我国中小型企业在知识产权融资过程中所面临的各种挑战,诸如知识产权的价值评估难题、资金获取途径和渠道不畅通以及应对风险的机制不完善等问题。通过借鉴国内外中小企业知识产权融资的成功经验与实践,提出了针对性的对策建议。研究认为,应完善知识产权评估体系,拓宽融资渠道、优化融资环境,同时构建多位一体的风险控制与分担机制,以促进我国中小企业知识产权融资的健康发展。

关键词：中小企业知识产权融资评估难题融资渠道风险控制

有机物料还田对稻田土壤细菌群落和水稻产量的影响

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环境科学 2025年第1期46卷 543-550页

作者：卞清孙波李大明谢祖彬王晓玥中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049 江西省红壤及种质资源研究所南昌330000

为探明长期有机物料还田下稻田土壤微生物群落结构及功能对水稻产量的影响,依托于40 a红壤性水稻土有机肥定位试验,选择不施肥(CK)、施化肥(NPK)、施化肥+紫云英(NG)、施化肥+紫云英+猪粪(NGM)和施化肥+紫云英+稻草(NGS)这5个处理,开展... 详细信息

为探明长期有机物料还田下稻田土壤微生物群落结构及功能对水稻产量的影响,依托于40 a红壤性水稻土有机肥定位试验,选择不施肥(CK)、施化肥(NPK)、施化肥+紫云英(NG)、施化肥+紫云英+猪粪(NGM)和施化肥+紫云英+稻草(NGS)这5个处理,开展相关研究.结果表明,有机物料还田显著提高了土壤SOC、TN和TP等养分含量和水稻产量,其中NGM处理影响最大.并且有机物料还田显著改变了微生物群落组成,主要表现为:变形菌门,特别是α-变形菌,以及放线菌门的相对丰度增加,而硝化螺旋菌门的相对丰度减少. PICRUSt2功能预测分析结果表明,有机物料还田增加了编码淀粉(amyA)、纤维素(bglX、bglB、endoglucanase)和半纤维素(xylA、xynA)等与易分解碳降解相关的功能基因的丰度,同时也增加了编码脲酶(ureA、ureB和ureC)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(gdhA)和谷氨酰胺酶(aspQ)等与有机氮矿化相关的功能基因的丰度.基于随机森林模型分析,影响水稻产量的理化和生物因子包括:TP、SOC、pH、TN、DON、细菌群落组成以及有机碳降解功能基因和有机氮矿化功能基因的相对丰度. PLS-PM结果进一步表明,有机物料还田下,SOC和TP含量的增加通过改变细菌群落结构,特别是增加了α-变形菌和放线菌等富营养型细菌的相对丰度,增加了土壤有机碳、氮分解相关功能基因的相对丰度,促进养分循环,从而提高水稻产量.

关键词：红壤性水稻土有机物料还田细菌群落结构功能基因水稻产量

Asymmetric Variations in the Tropical Ascending Branches of Hadley Circulations and the Associated Mechanisms and Effects

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第3期35卷 317-333页

作者： bo sun Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China International Pacific Research Center and Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu HI 96822 USA Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

This study investigates the variations in the tropical ascending branches （TABs） of Hadley circulations （HCs） during past decades, using a variety of reanalysis datasets. The northern tropical ascending branch （NTAB） and the southern tropical ascending branch （STAB）, which are defined as the ascending branches of the Northern Hemisphere HC and Southern Hemi- sphere HC, respectively, are identified and analyzed regarding their trends and variability. The reanalysis datasets consistently show a persistent increase in STAB during past decades, whereas they show less consistency in NTAB regarding its decadal- to multidecadal variability, which generally features a decreasing trend. These asymmetric trends in STAB and NTAB are attributed to asymmetric trends in the tropical SSTs. The relationship between STAB/NTAB and tropical SSTs is further examined regarding their interannual and decadal- to multidecadal variability. On the interannual time scale, the STAB and NTAB are essentially modulated by the eastern-Pacific type of ENSO, with a strengthened （weakened） STAB （NTAB） under an E1 Nifio condition. On the decadal- to multidecadal time scale, the variability of STAB and NTAB is closely related to the southern tropical SSTs and the meridional asymmetry of global tropical SSTs, respectively. The tropical eastern Pacific SSTs （southern tropical SSTs） dominate the tropical SST-NTAB/STAB relationship on the interannual （decadal- to multidecadal） scale, whereas the NTAB is a passive factor in this relationship. Moreover, a cross-hemispheric relationship between the NTAB/STAB and the HC upper-level meridional winds is revealed.

关键词： tropical ascending branches Hadley circulation asymmetry SST trend variability