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基于涡动及走航观测的晋东南煤矿区甲烷分布特征

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煤炭学报 2022年第12期47卷 4395-4402页

作者：刘艳秋秦凯 COHEN blake Jason 康涵书胡玮鹿凡武晓晖杨成立中国矿业大学江苏省煤基温室气体减排与资源化利用重点实验室江苏徐州221008 中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院江苏徐州221116 山西大地生态环境技术研究院有限公司山西太原030000

甲烷是仅次于二氧化碳的全球第二大温室气体,在大气中的寿命仅为10 a左右,但其全球增温潜势却是CO_(2)的几十倍。大气中的甲烷体积分数可以更加迅速地对温室减排活动做出响应,相较于CO_(2)减排,控制和减少甲烷排放是短期内应对气候变化... 详细信息

甲烷是仅次于二氧化碳的全球第二大温室气体,在大气中的寿命仅为10 a左右,但其全球增温潜势却是CO_(2)的几十倍。大气中的甲烷体积分数可以更加迅速地对温室减排活动做出响应,相较于CO_(2)减排,控制和减少甲烷排放是短期内应对气候变化的最有效手段之一。煤炭开采行业是我国甲烷的最主要排放源之一。在碳达峰和碳中和的国家战略需求下,控制和利用煤炭活动产生的甲烷排放,必将成为“十四五”期间我国甲烷排放控制行动的重点,厘清煤矿行业的甲烷排放特征具有重要意义。煤炭开采活动产生的甲烷排放受到地质赋存、开采方式、利用情况等众多因素影响,传统的“自下而上”排放因子清单方法不确定性较大,基于大气甲烷体积分数观测数据的“自上而下”技术正成为监测核算甲烷排放的重要方法。2021年秋冬季,采用“固定+走航”相结合的观测手段,以我国典型的甲烷高排放区(晋东南煤矿区)为实验区域,获取一手观测数据,分析并揭示近地面甲烷体积分数特征及其潜在的排放源信息。结果表明:(1)甲烷体积分数的时空变化性强,煤矿区本底甲烷体积分数值是清洁本底的近1.7倍,极端高值可达本底值的40~50倍;(2)甲烷体积分数在1 d内的变化与煤炭生产活动密切相关,逐日变化受气象扩散条件影响较大;(3)绝大多数甲烷体积分数高值位于煤矿生产相关区域,但由于扩散作用的影响,煤炭生产对甲烷体积分数时空分布影响存在一定的空间偏离性和时间滞后性。地面“固定+走航观测”手段可以提供精细化的甲烷排放特征信息,研究结论可为基于观测“自上而下”地构建煤炭行业甲烷排放清单奠定一定基础。

关键词：煤矿区甲烷分布涡动相关走航观测时空分布空间异质性排放源

A shared role of the myocardin-family transcriptional coactivators in cardiomyocyte maturation

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science China(Life sciences) 2023年第12期66卷 2939-2942页

作者： Yuxuan Guo Yangpo Cao blake D.Jardin Neil Mazumdar Congting Guo Luzi Yang Junsen Lin Zhan Chen Qing Ma Mingming Zhao Erdan Dong William T.Pu Peking University Health science Center School of Basic Medical SciencesBeijing 100191China Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular sciences Beijing 100191China state Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling Peking UniversityBeijing100191China Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research Beijing 100191China Boston Children’s Hospital Department of CardiologyBoston MA 02115USA Peking University Third Hospital Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular MedicineBeijing 100191China Research Unit of Medical science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemBeijing 100191China National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides Beijing 100191China Harvard stem Cell Institute Cambridge MA 02138USA

Dear Editor,In development,after cells make a commitment to their fates,they undergo a continuous and adaptive maturation process to eventually reach their terminal *** maturity often decays during aging and *** immat... 详细信息

关键词： states eventually decay

Finite-time circulation changes from topological rearrangement of distinguished curves and non-advective fluxes

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2020年第1期9卷 37-52页

作者： blake Rutherford Timothy J.Dunkerton Northwest Research Associates

A vorticity budget diagnoses the growth or decay of a vortex from advective transport,or non-advective fluxes such as those due to friction or vortex ***,when a budget calculation is performed with respect to a fixed coordinate,errors may result from time-dependence of the flow,leading to disagreement between the vorticity tendency and the observed vorticity *** adaptive Lagrangian coordinate resolves this problem,provided that the resulting Lagrangian structure does not become too *** this study,a numerical simulation of Hurricane Nate(2011),the vorticity tendency is evaluated along distinguished material *** can be no net advective flux along a closed material curve,therefore,the total circulation tendency for a material region includes only the non-advective uxes acting along its boundary.A distinguished set of material curves(DMCs)associated with a distinguished hyperbolic trajectory(DHT)form a Lagrangian topology similar to that of a cat’s eye flow or"pouch"at each Eulerian *** time-dependence of velocities allows additional regions called lobes,which are formed by the intersections of DMCs,to exchange fluid across the vortex boundary by redefining the *** the vortex boundary changes,we refer to this redefinition of material boundary as"topological rearrangement".The method is useful for unsteady cat’s-eye flows and more complex interactions of multiple waves,vortices and background *** advective changes of the vortex circulation are identified by exchanges of the lobes,and all non-advective uxes act between the vortex and either the lobes or environmental *** Lagrangian topology and combination of advective and non-advective uxes relative to the topology is used to describe the evolution of the circulation of Nate during its time of formation.

关键词： red DMC Finite-time circulation changes from topological rearrangement of distinguished curves and non-advective fluxes

structure and activity of thermophilic methanogenic microbial communities exposed to quaternary ammonium sanitizer

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2017年第6期29卷 164-168页

作者： Jesus D.Fernandez-Bayo Juliano Toniato blake A.simmons Christopher W.simmons Department of Food science and Technology University of CaliforniaDauisCA 95616USA Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Uniuersity of CaliforniaDauisCA 95616USA Joint BioEnergy Institute EmeryvilleCA 94608USA Biological and Engineering sciences Center Sandia National LaboratoriesLiuermoreCA 94551USA Energy Efficiency Center University of CaliforniaDauisCA 95616USA

Food processing facilities often use antimicrobial quaternary ammonium compound （QAC） sanitizers to maintain cleanliness. These QACs can end up in wastewaters used as feedstock for anaerobic digestion. The aim of this study was to measure the effect of QAC contamination on biogas production and structure of microbial communities in thermo- philic digester sludge. Methane production and biogas quality data were analyzed in batch anaerobic digesters containing QAC at 0, 15, 50, 100 and 150 mg/L. Increasing sanitizer concentration in the bioreactors negatively impacted methane production rate and biogas quality. Microbial community composition data was obtained through 16s rRNA gene sequencing from the QAG-contaminated sludges. sequencing data showed no significant restructuring of the bacterial communities. However, significant restructuring was observed within the archaeal communities as QAC concentration increased. Further studies to confirm these effects on a larger scale and with a longer retention time are necessary.

关键词： Anaerobic digestionAntimicrobialsBiofuelsMicrobial ecologyWaste management

Aerosol jet printing of piezoelectric surface acousticwave thermometer

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微系统与纳米工程(英文) 2023年第3期9卷 31-42页

作者： Nicholas McKibben blake Ryel Jacob Manzi Florent Muramutsa Joshua Daw Harish subbaraman David Estrada Zhangxian Deng Micron school of Materials science and Engineering Boise State University1910 W University DriveBoiseID 83725USA Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA school of Electrical Engineering and Computer science Oregon State University2500 NW Monroe AvenueCorvallisOR 97331USA Idaho National Laboratory Idaho FallsID 83415USA Center for Advanced Energy studies Idaho FallsID 83401USA

surface acoustic wave(sAW)devices are a subclass of micro-electromechanical systems(MEMs)that generate an acoustic emission when electrically *** transducers also work as detectors,converting surface strain into readable electrical *** properties of the generated sAW are material dependent and influenced by external factors like *** monitoring temperature-dependent scattering parameters a sAW device can function as a thermometer to elucidate substrate *** fabrication of sAW sensors requires labor-and cost-intensive subtractive processes that produce large volumes of hazardous *** study utilizes an innovative aerosol jet printer to directly write consistent,high-resolution,silver comb electrodes onto a Y-cut LiNbO3 *** printed,two-port,20 MHz sAW sensor exhibited excellent linearity and repeatability while being verified as a thermometer from 25 to 200℃.sensitivities of the printed sAW thermometer are−96.9×10^(−6)℃^(−1)and−92.0×10^(-6)℃^(−1) when operating in pulse-echo mode and pulse-receiver mode,*** results highlight a repeatable path to the additive fabrication of compact high-frequency sAW thermometers.

关键词： scattering wave surface

EXIsTENCE AND sTABILITY OF VIsCOUs sHOCK PROFILEs FOR 2-D IsENTROPIC MHD WITH INFINITE ELECTRICAL REsIsTIVITY

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Acta Mathematica scientia 2010年第2期30卷 447-498页

作者： blake Barker Olivier Lafitte Kevin Zumbrun Department of Mathematics Indiana University LAGA Institut GalileeUniversite Paris 1393 430 Villetaneuse and CEA SaclayDM2S/DIR91 191 Gif sur Yvette CedexFrance

For the two-dimensional Navier-stokes equations of isentropic magnetohydrodynamics （MHD） with γ-law gas equation of state, γ≥ 1, and infinite electrical resistivity, we carry out a global analysis categorizing all possible viscous shock profiles. Precisely, we show that the phase portrait of the traveling-wave ODE generically consists of either two rest points connected by a viscous Lax profile, or else four rest points, two saddles and two nodes. In the latter configuration, which rest points are connected by profiles depends on the ratio of viscosities, and can involve Lax, overcompressive, or undercompressive shock profiles. Considered as three-dimensional solutions, undercompressive shocks axe Lax-type （Alfven） waves. For the monatomic and diatomic cases γ= 5/3 and γ=7/5, with standard viscosity ratio for a nonmagnetic gas, we find numerically that the the nodes are connected by a family of overcompressive profiles bounded by Lax profiles connecting saddles to nodes, with no undercompressive shocks occurring. We carry out a systematic numerical Evans function analysis indicating that all of these two-dimensional shock pro- files are linearly and nonlinearly stable, both with respect to two- and three-dimensional perturbations. For the same gas constants, but different viscosity ratios, we investigate also cases for which undercompressive shocks appear; these are seen numerically to be stable as well, both with respect to two-dimensional and （in the neutral sense of convergence to nearby Riemann solutions） three-dimensional perturbations.

关键词： stability of viscous shock waves Evans function magnetohydrodynamics

An Integrated Workflow for DNA Methylation Analysis

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2013年第5期40卷 249-260页

作者： Pingchuan Li Feray Demirci Gayathri Mahalingam Caghan Demirci Mayumi Nakano blake C.Meyers Department of Plant & soil sciences Delaware Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of DelawareNewarkDE 19711USA

The analysis of cytosine methylation provides a new way to assess and describe epigenetic regulation at a whole-genome level in many *** methylation has a demonstrated role in the genome stability and protection,regulation of gene expression and many other aspects of genome function and ***-seq is a relatively unbiased method for profiling the DNA methylation,with a resolution capable of measuring methylation at individual *** we describe,as an example,a workflow to handle DNA methylation analysis,from Bs-seq library preparation to the data *** describe some applications for the analysis and interpretation of these *** laboratory provides public access to plant DNA methylation data via visualization tools available at our ＂Next-Gen sequence＂ websites（http：//***）,along with small RNA,RNA-seq and other data types.

关键词： DNA methylation Bs-seq Epigenetics

A survey of Applications Research on Content-Centric Networking

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China Communications 2019年第9期16卷 122-140页

作者： Xiuquan Qiao Hongyi Wang Wei Tan Athanasios V.Vasilakos Junliang Chen MBrian blake state Key Laboratory of Networking and switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China Information Engineering College Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471003China IBM T.J.Watson Research Center Yorktown HeightsNY 10598USA The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of AthensAthens 157 80Greece College of Computing and Informatics Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 1904USA

As a named data-based clean-slate future Internet architecture,Content-Centric Networking(CCN)uses entirely different protocols and communication patterns from the host-to-host IP *** CCN,communication is wholly driven by the data *** must send Interest packets with the content name and not by the host’s network *** nature of in-network caching,Interest packets aggregation and hop-byhop communication poses unique challenges to provision of Internet applications,where traditional IP network no long works *** paper presents a comprehensive survey of state-of-the-art application research activities related to CCN *** main aims in this survey are(a)to identify the advantages and drawbacks of CCN architectures for application provisioning;(b)to discuss the challenges and opportunities regarding service provisioning in CCN architectures;and(c)to further encourage deeper thinking about design principles for future Internet architectures from the perspective of upper-layer applications.

关键词： Content-centric networking(CCN) named-data networking (NDN) applications information-centric networking future Internet

scale-up of biomass conversion using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate as the solvent

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Green Energy & Environment 2019年第4期4卷 432-438页

作者： Ling Liang Jipeng Yan Qian He Tina Luong Todd R.Pray blake A.simmons Ning sun Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Process Development Unit Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryEmeryvilleCA94608USA Joint BioEnergy Institute Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryEmeryvilleCA94608USA

This scale-up study demonstrated the feasibility of an ionic liquid(IL)pretreatment process at 40 kg scale,using the IL 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate([C2C1Im][OAc])as the *** pretreatment was followed by enzymatic hydrolysis through which the process efficiency for biomass conversion to monomeric sugars was *** results show that 43 wt%of switchgrass was dissolved in IL after 2 h of pretreatment at 160℃ with 15 wt%solid loading.A 120 h enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated switchgrass results in 96%glucan and 98%xylan conversion.[C2C1Im][OAc]pretreatment has been successfully scaled up to 40 kg with improved sugar titers and yields relative to bench scale(6 kg).The mass flow of the overall process was established and the major scale-up challenges of the process were identified.

关键词： Ionic liquid 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate Pretreatment scale up Enzyme