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Geomorphic predictors of riparian vegetation in small mountain watersheds

Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第6期8卷 593-604页

作者： blake m.engelhardt Jeanne C.Chambers Peter J.Weisberg Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science University of NevadaMS 1861664 Virginia StreetRenoNV 89557USA USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station920 Valley RoadRenoNV 89512USA

Aims Hydrogeomorphic processes operating at watershed,process zone and site scales influence the distribution of riparian ***,most studies examining the relationships between hydrogeomorphic processes and riparian vegetation are conducted at site *** quantified the relative importance of watershed,process zone and site geomorphic characteristics for predicting riparian plant community types and plant species abundances in four small mountain watersheds in central Nevada,*** We mapped riparian vegetation types and identified process zones(based on dominant geomorphic process and valley fill material)within the *** sampled sites in each combination of veg-etation type and process zone(n=184 sites)and collected data on watershed scale factors,valley and stream geomorphic characteristics and on plant cover of each geomorphic *** community types were defined by cluster and indicator species analyses of plant cover data,and related to geomorphic variables using ordination analysis(nonmetric multidimensional scaling).linear mixed effects models were used to predict abundances of indicator *** Findings Variables describing position in the watershed(elevation,contrib-uting area)that are related to gradients of temperature,moisture and stream discharge were of primary importance in predicting plant community *** describing local geomorphic setting(valley width,stream gradient,channel sediments,geomor-phic surface height)were of secondary importance,but accurately described the geomorphic setting of indicator *** process zone classification did not include position in the watershed or channel characteristics and only predicted plant community types with unique geomorphic *** small mountain watersheds,predicting riparian vegetation distribution requires explicit consid-eration of scale and geomorphic context within and among water-sheds in addition to site variables.

关键词： great basin multiscale plant community analysis process zone riparian

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Asbestos Exposure during Gasket Removal from Aircraft Engine

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental medicine 2024年第2期12卷 59-67页

作者： Charles L. blake Kevin m. Guth Raymond D. Harbison Apex Companies Marietta USA Center for Environmental and Occupational Risk Analysis and management College of Public Health University of South Florida Tampa USA

We have previously evaluated asbestos exposure associated with various maintenance procedures on light aircraft. The purpose of this study was to evaluate asbestos exposure during engine maintenance on light aircraft. This test was designed to evaluate the potential for asbestos exposure to mechanics and others who remove asbestos-containing engine gaskets from reciprocating style aircraft engines. Utilized in this test was an air cooled, horizontally opposed, aviation gasoline burning engine, assembled during 1986 and operated intermittently up into 2015, having accumulated 1680 hours run time. Nearly 75% of the asbestos-containing gaskets installed during 1986 were still in place at the time of testing. Chrysotile asbestos contents of such gaskets ranged from 55% to 60% by area, for those of sheet style and 5% by area, for the spiral wound metal/asbestos style. Despite the levels of effort required to effect gasket removals, the professional aircraft mechanic was not exposed to airborne asbestos fibers at the lower limits of sampling and analytical detection achieved;all of which were substantially less than the current Occupational Safety and Health Administration Permissible Exposure Limits for asbestos. The results of this testing indicate an absence of gasket related asbestos exposure risk to mechanics who work with light aircraft engines, including those having asbestos-containing gaskets. These results are consistent with the findings of mlyarek and Van Orden who studied the asbestos exposure risk occasioned during overhaul of larger radial style reciprocating aircraft engines [1].

关键词： Asbestos Exposure Gaskets Aircraft Engine Friction materials

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Does the use of double hormone replacement therapy for trauma patient organ donors improve organ recovery for transplant

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 119-125页

作者： Eden m Gallegos Tanner Reed Paige Deville blake Platt Claudia Leonardi Lillian Bellfi Jessica Dufrene Saad Chaudhary John Hunt Lance Stuke Patrick Greiffenstein Jonathan Schoen Alan marr Anil Paramesh Alison A Smith Department of Physiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70124United States Department of medicine Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Department of Surgery Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Department of Trauma Surgery Tacoma General HospitalTacoma 98405United States Department of Public Health Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Department of Donation Services Louisiana Organ Procurement AgencyCovingtonLA 70433United States Department of Surgery Tulane Transplant InstituteTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112United States

BACKGROUND With an ongoing demand for transplantable organs,optimization of donor management protocols,specifically in trauma populations,is important for obta-ining a high yield of viable organs per *** management of brain-dead potential organ donors(BPODs)is controversial,leading to heterogeneous clinical management *** studies have shown that when levo-thyroxine was combined with other treatments,including steroids,vasopressin,and insulin,BPODs had better organ recovery and survival outcomes were increased for transplant *** To determine if levothyroxine use in combination with steroids in BPODs increased the number of organs donated in trauma *** A retrospective review of adult BPODs from a single level 1 trauma center over ten years was *** criteria included patients who were not solid organ donors,patients who were not declared brain dead(donation after circulatory death),and patients who did not receive steroids in their hospital *** and steroid administration,the number of organs donated,the types of organs donated,and demographic information were *** analyses were performed with Pmet inclusion criteria,69(78%)of whom received levothyroxine and steroids(ST/LT group)vs 19(22%)receiving steroids without levothyroxine(ST group).No differences were observed between the groups for gender,race,pertinent injury factors,age,or other hormone therapies used(P>0.05).In the ST/LT group,68.1%(n=47)donated a high yield(3-5)of organ types per donor compared to 42.1%(n=8)in the ST group(P=0.038).There was no difference in the total number of organ types donated between the groups(P=0.068).CONCLUSION This study suggests that combining levothyroxine and steroid administration increases high-yield organ donation per donor in BPODs in the trauma patient *** to this study include

关键词： Organ donation Trauma Brain death Levothyroxine Hormone replacement therapy Steroids Organ donor Retrospective

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观测约束下的煤矿区吸光气溶胶特性模拟研究

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光学学报 2024年第18期 253-263页

作者：关萝尧 Cohen Jason blake 秦凯王硕 Tiwari Pravash 中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院中国矿业大学碳中和研究院

利用黑碳仪、光学粒度仪和太阳光度计在山西省长治市煤矿区开展连续实地观测，结合“核-壳”假设下的米散射模型，对煤矿区吸光气溶胶光学特性进行建模，提出一种基于多源地基观测快速反演吸光气溶胶单次散射反照率（SSA）的方法，并通... 详细信息

利用黑碳仪、光学粒度仪和太阳光度计在山西省长治市煤矿区开展连续实地观测，结合“核-壳”假设下的米散射模型，对煤矿区吸光气溶胶光学特性进行建模，提出一种基于多源地基观测快速反演吸光气溶胶单次散射反照率（SSA）的方法，并通过使用吸收Angstrom指数对模拟结果进行约束，分析了不同混合状态下吸光气溶胶光学特性的变化规律。结果表明：1）煤矿区吸光气溶胶粒径分布与污染条件相关，重度污染条件下粒径较大，中度污染条件下粒径较小，其中不同污染条件均在0.28～0.3μm等较小粒径区间内存在峰值，这表明排放源对粒径分布有重要影响；2）基于“核-壳”假设的米散射模型可以模拟不同混合状态下吸光气溶胶的SSA，以440 nm粒径为例，在均匀假设下SSA为0.43～0.72，在非均匀假设下SSA为0.41～0.65，这表明使用多波段、多粒径信息可以更准确地获取吸光气溶胶光学特性；3）吸收Angstrom指数只能在部分粒径区间与SSA相匹配，且无法应用至较大粒径区间，表明通过吸收Angstrom指数评估吸光气溶胶SSA的方法会产生偏差，应综合考虑粒径分布、混合状态和波长对其产生的影响。

关键词：单次散射反照率吸光气溶胶米散射模型煤矿区

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Assessment of buckling-restrained braced frame reliability using an experimental limit-state model and stochastic dynamic analysis

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2009年第3期8卷 373-385页

作者： blake m.Andrews Junho Song Larry A.Fahnestock Wiss JanneyElstner AssociatesIncNorthbrookIllinoisUSA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA

Buckling-restrained braces （BRBs） have recently become popular in the United States for use as primary members of seismic lateral-force-resisting systems. A BRB is a steel brace that does not buckle in compression but instead yields in both tension and compression. Although design guidelines for BRB applications have been developed, systematic procedures for assessing performance and quantifying reliability are still needed. This paper presents an analytical framework for assessing buckling-restrained braced frame （BRBF） reliability when subjected to seismic loads. This framework efficiently quantifies the risk of BRB failure due to low-cycle fatigue fracture of the BRB core. The procedure includes a series of components that：（1） quantify BRB demand in terms of BRB core deformation histories generated through stochastic dynamic analyses; （2） quantify the limit-state of a BRB in terms of its remaining cumulative plastic ductility capacity based on an experimental database; and （3） evaluate the probability of BRB failure, given the quantified demand and capacity, through structural reliability analyses. Parametric studies were conducted to investigate the effects of the seismic load, and characteristics of the BRB and BRBF on the probability of brace failure. In addition, fragility curves （i.e., conditional probabilities of brace failure given ground shaking intensity parameters） were created by the proposed framework. While the framework presented in this paper is applied to the assessment of BRBFs, the modular nature of the framework components allows for application to other structural components and systems.

关键词： risk and reliability analysis buckling-restrained brace stochastic dynamic analysis first-order reliability method cumulative plastic ductility capacity

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imashup:a mashup-based framework for service composition

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2014年第1期57卷 5-24页

作者： LIU XuanZhe HUANG Gang ZHAO Qi mEI Hong blake m.Brian Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies (Peking University) Ministry of Education School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre Dame

The Web has undergone a tremendous change from a primarily publication platform towards a participatory and"programmable"platform,where a large number of heterogeneous Web-delivered services(including SOAP and RESTful Web services,RSS and Atom feeds)are *** results in the creation of Web mashup applications with rich user ***,the integration of Web-delivered services is still a challenging *** not only requires the developers’tedious eforts in understanding and coordinating heterogeneous service types,but also results in the time-consuming development of user *** this paper,we propose the imashup composition framework to facilitate mashup development and *** provide a unified mashup component model for the common representation of heterogeneous Web-delivered service *** component model specifies necessary properties and behaviors at both business and user interface *** associate the component model with semantically meaningful tags,so that mashup developers can fast understand the service *** mashup developers can search and put the proper mashup components into the Web browser based composition environment,and connect them by data flows based on the tag-based *** an integration manner might prevent some low-level programming eforts and improve the composition efciency.A series of experimental study are conducted to evaluate our framework.

关键词： service composition mashup component model Web-delivered service

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Data-driven synthesis of multiple recommendation patterns to create situational Web mashups

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2013年第8期56卷 137-152页

作者： mA Yun LU Xuan LIU XuanZhe WANG XuDong blake m.Brian Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies(Peking University) Ministry of Education University of miami

As a typical situational application,Web mashup reflects and accommodates some key features of Internetware *** provides a development fashion that integrates data,computation and UI elements from multiple resources into a single Web application,and promises the quick rollout of creating potential new functionalities *** paper focuses on the problem of recommending useful suggestions for developing data-driven mashups by synthesis of multiple *** present a rapid and intuitive system called imashupAdvisor,for aiding mashup development based on a novel automated suggestion *** key observation guiding the development of imashupAdvisor is that mashups developed by different users might share some common patterns,for instance,selecting similar mashup components for similar goals,and gluing them in a similar *** patterns could reside in multiple sources,e.g.,the data dependency between mashup components,the interaction between users and mashup components,or the collective intelligence from existing applications created and maintained by programmers,*** leverages the synthesis of these patterns to recommend useful suggestions for a partial mashup,such as the missing components,connections between them,or potentially relevant options,to assist mashup *** paper presents the data model and ranking metrics of the synthesis process,and introduces efficient algorithms for the retrieval of *** also experimentally demonstrate the efficiency of our approach for benefiting the proposed rapid mashup development.

关键词： mashup Internetware recommendation data-driven model situational

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Using physiological conditions to assess current and future habitat use of a Subarctic frog

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第1期18卷 2-14页

作者： Thomas P.HASTINGS blake R.HOSSACK LeeAnn FISHBACK Jon m.DAVENPORT Department of Biology Appalachian State UniversityBooneNorth CarolinaUSA U.S.Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science Centerand Wildlife Biology ProgramW.A.Franke College of Forestry&ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontanaUSA Churchill Northern Studies Centre ChurchillManitobaCanada

Species with especially close dependence on the environment to meet physiological requirements,such as ectotherms,are highly susceptible to the impacts of climate *** change is occurring rapidly in the Subarctic and Arctic,but there is limited knowledge on ectotherm physiology in these *** investigated how environmental conditions and habitat characteristics inﬂuence the physiological conditions and habitat use of wood frogs(Rana sylvatica)in a Subarctic landscape near Churchill,manitoba(Canada).We used plaster models to estimate water loss rates and surface body temperatures among different habitat types and at speciﬁc locations used by radio-tracked *** loss(R2=0.67)and surface temperature(R2=0.80)of plaster models was similar to that of live ***-based water loss rates were greater in tundra habitat than in boreal forest and ecotone *** use of wood frogs was strongly tied with available surface moisture and decreased water loss rates that were observed with plaster *** conditions,such as wind speed and ground tem-perature,explained 58%and 91%of the variation in water balance and temperature of plaster *** physiological conditions may be challenging for semi-aquatic ectotherms in environments vulnerable to future cli-mate *** ability to predict physiological conditions based on environmental conditions,as demonstrated in our study,can help understand how wildlife will respond to climatic changes.

关键词： Arctic climate change landscape physiology water balance wood frog

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Integrative multi-omics and systems bioinformatics in translational neuroscience:A data mining perspective

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药物分析学报:英文版 2023年第8期13卷 836-850页

作者： Lance m.O'Connor blake A.O'Connor Su Bin Lim Jialiu Zeng Chih Hung Lo College of Biological Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55455USA School of Pharmacy University of WisconsinMadisonWI53705USA Department of Biochemistry and molecular Biology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon16499South Korea Lee Kong Chian School of medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore308232Singapore

Bioinformatic analysis of large and complex omics datasets has become increasingly useful in modern day biology by providing a great depth of information,with its application to neuroscience termed *** mining of omics datasets has enabled the generation of new hypotheses based on differentially regulated biological molecules associated with disease mechanisms,which can be tested experimentally for improved diagnostic and therapeutic targeting of neurodegenerative ***,integrating multi-omics data using a systems bioinformatics approach will advance the understanding of the layered and interactive network of biological regulation that exchanges systemic knowledge to facilitate the development of a comprehensive human brain *** this review,we first summarize data mining studies utilizing datasets from the individual type of omics analysis,including epigenetics/epigenomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,metabolomics,lipidomics,and spatial omics,pertaining to Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,and multiple *** then discuss multi-omics integration approaches,including independent biological integration and unsupervised integration methods,for more intuitive and informative interpretation of the biological data obtained across different omics *** further assess studies that integrate multi-omics in data mining which provide convoluted biological insights and offer proof-of-concept proposition towards systems bioinformatics in the reconstruction of brain ***,we recommend a combination of high dimensional bioinformatics analysis with experimental validation to achieve translational neuroscience applications including biomarker discovery,therapeutic development,and elucidation of disease *** conclude by providing future perspectives and opportunities in applying integrative multi-omics and systems bioinformatics to achieve precision phenotyping of neurodegenerative diseases and towards personaliz

关键词： multi-omics integration Systems bioinformatics Data mining Human brain profile reconstruction Translational neuroscience

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Design of molecule-based magnetic conductors

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Nano Research 2014年第12期7卷 1832-1842页

作者： Naureen Akhtar Graeme R. blake Roberto Felici Heinz Amenitsch Thomas T. m. Palstra Petra Rudolf Zernike Institute for Advanced materials University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 NL-9747AG Groningen The Netherlands ESRF BP 220 F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9 France Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Graz University of Technology Stremayerg. 9/IV A-8010 Graz Austria

Enabling the use of rationally designed thin films in technological devices is a recognized goal in materials science. However, constructing such thin films using highly ordered supramolecular architectures with well-controlled size and growth direction has remained an elusive target. Here, we introduce a layer-by- layer protocol to grow hybrid thin films of molecule-based magnetic conductors comprising arachidic acid and donor bis（ethylenedioxy）tetrathiafulvalene （BEDO-TTF） as the organic component and Cu/Gd complexes as the inorganic component. The construction of layered hybrid thin films was achieved at ambient conditions by employing the Langmuir-Blodgett method, which provides good control over film thickness and packing of molecules in the monolayer. As demonstrated by X-ray diffraction, these films are crystalline with distinct organic and inorganic sublattices, where the BEDO-TTF molecular layer is interfaced with the inorganic layer. Due to the flexibility of the Langmuir-Blodgett deposition technique, this result indicates a route toward the preparation of well-ordered films with various functionalities, determined by the choice of the inorganic compound that is combined with the π-unit of BEDO-TFF. moreover, the ability to deposit films on a variety of substrates establishes the potential for lower-cost device fabrication on inexpensive substrates.

关键词： molecule-based materials self-assembly ordered heterostructures multifunctionality ultra-thin films

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