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Amorphous electrocatalysts for urea oxidation reaction

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第2期34卷 362-375页

作者： Fenghui Guo Dongle cheng Qian chen Hao Liu Zhiliang Wu Ning Han bing-Jie Ni Zhijie chen School of Materials Science and Technology China University of Geosciences Shenzhen Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney College of Safety and Environmental Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Institute of Yellow River Delta Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Integrity Shandong University of Science and Technology Discipline of Chemical Engineering Western Australian School of Mines: Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering Curtin University Department of Materials Engineering School of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of New South Wales

Electrochemical urea oxidation reaction(UOR) is a promising alternative to oxygen evolution reaction(OER) for realizing energy-saving hydrogen production. Developing efficient electrocatalysts for UOR becomes a central challenge. Recently, amorphous materials have been extensively used as UOR catalysts because of their numerous defective sites and flexible electronic properties. In this review, recent advancements in the development of amorphous UOR electrocatalysts are analyzed. The UOR mechanism is discussed, and the design of amorphous catalysts is then analyzed. The main catalyst design strategies are illustrated, including nanostructure control,heteroatom doping, composition regulation, and heterostructure construction. Also, electrocatalysts' structureperformance correlation is interpreted. Perspectives in this field are proposed for guiding future studies on the development of high-performance amorphous catalysts towards energy sustainability.

关键词： Catalyst design Component regulation Heteroatom doping Heterostructures Hydrogen energy

Development of small molecule drugs targeting immune checkpoints

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第5期21卷 382-399页

作者： Luoyi chen Xinchen Zhao Xiaowei Liu Yujie Ouyang chuan Xu Ying Shi Department of Oncology Sichuan Academy of Medical SciencesSichuan Provincial People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Institute for Breast Health Medicine State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Acupuncture and Massage College Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611137China

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are used to relieve and refuel anti-tumor immunity by blocking the interaction,transcription,and translation of co-inhibitory immune checkpoints or degrading co-inhibitory immune *** of small molecule drugs or biological materials,especially antibody-based ICIs,are actively being studied and antibodies are currently widely ***,such as anti-tumor efficacy,poor membrane permeability,and unneglected tolerance issues of antibody-based ICIs,remain evident but are thought to be overcome by small molecule *** structural studies have broadened the scope of candidate immune checkpoint molecules,as well as innovative chemical *** way of comparison,small molecule drug-based ICIs represent superior oral bioavailability and favorable pharmacokinetic *** ongoing clinical trials are exploring the synergetic effect of ICIs and other therapeutic strategies based on multiple ICI functions,including immune regulation,anti-angiogenesis,and cell cycle *** this review we summarized the current progression of small molecule ICIs and the mechanism underlying immune checkpoint proteins,which will lay the foundation for further exploration.

关键词： Immune checkpoints small molecule drugs programmed death protein 1 CD47 signal-regulatory proteinα

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An Effective Approach for the Preparation of High Performance Thermal Conductive Polymer Composites Containing Liquid Metal

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第7期42卷 992-1001,I0010页

作者： Xin chen Xue-Zhong Zhang Yi-Fei Yuan chuan-Liang chen Lian-Hu Xiong Qiang Fu Hua Deng College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan University-Pittsburgh InstituteSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

The preparation of high-performance thermal conductive composites containing liquid metals(LM)has attracted significant ***,the stable dispersion of LM within polymer solution and effective property contribution of liquid metals remains significant challenges that need to be *** by the properties of the dendritic structure of the tree root system in grasping the soil,“shear-induced precipitation-interfacial reset-reprotonation”processing strategy is proposed to prepare nanocomposites based on aramid micron fibers(AMFs)with hierarchical dendritic *** to the combination of van der Waals force provided by hierarchical dendritic structure,electrostatic interaction between AMFs and LM,coordinative bonding of―NH to LM,together with interfacial re-setting and multi-step protonation,several features can be achieved through such strategy:conducive to the local filler network construction,improvement of interfacial interaction,improvement of the stability of filler dispersion in the solvent,and enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties of the *** resulting AMFsp H=4/LM films demonstrate a thermal conductivity of 10.98 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)at 70%filler content,improvement of 126.8%compared to ANFs/LM film;while maintaining a strength of~85.88 MPa,improvement of 77%compared to AMFs/LM *** also possess insulation properties,enable heat dissipation for high power *** work provides an effective strategy for the preparation of high performance polymer composites containing liquid metal.

关键词： Shear-induced Reprotonation AMFs LM Filler dispersion

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Identification and Characteristics Analysis of Micro-Seismic Signals in the Haima Seep Area

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 288-291页

作者： Xiangchun Wang bing Nie Zhiyu Wu Weiwei Wang Hua chen China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083China CNOOC China Limited Shenzhen BranchShenzhen 518000China Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Guangzhou 511458China CNOOC China Limited Shanghai BranchShanghai 200335China

*** recent years,with the steady development of offshore energy exploration technology,submarine gas seepage sites,and their products are gradually being identified and *** submarine cold seep is a seepage phenomenon in which hydrocarbon gases stored deep in the seafloor are transported to seawater by gushing or seepage under the action of tectonic compression(Roy et al.,2019;Tinivella and Giustiniani,2016).

关键词： submarine Seismic offshore

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Real-time arrival picking of rock microfracture signals based on convolutional-recurrent neural network and its engineering application

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第3期16卷 761-777页

作者： bing-Rui chen Xu Wang Xinhao Zhu Qing Wang Houlin Xie State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Accurately picking P-and S-wave arrivals of microseismic(MS)signals in real-time directly influences the early warning of rock mass failure.A common contradiction between accuracy and computation exists in the current arrival picking ***,a real-time arrival picking method of MS signals is constructed based on a convolutional-recurrent neural network(CRNN).This method fully utilizes the advantages of convolutional layers and gated recurrent units(GRU)in extracting short-and long-term features,in order to create a precise and lightweight arrival picking ***,the synthetic signals with field noises are used to evaluate the hyperparameters of the CRNN model and obtain an optimal CRNN *** actual operation on various devices indicates that compared with the U-Net method,the CRNN method achieves faster arrival picking with less performance *** application of large underground caverns in the Yebatan hydropower station(YBT)project shows that compared with the short-term average/long-term average(STA/LTA),Akaike information criterion(AIC)and U-Net methods,the CRNN method has the highest accuracy within four sampling points,which is 87.44%for P-wave and 91.29%for S-wave,*** sum of mean absolute errors(MAESUM)of the CRNN method is 4.22 sampling points,which is lower than that of the other *** the four methods,the MS sources location calculated based on the CRNN method shows the best consistency with the actual failure,which occurs at the junction of the shaft and the second ***,the proposed method can pick up P-and S-arrival accurately and rapidly,providing a reference for rock failure analysis and evaluation in engineering applications.

关键词： Rock mass failure Microseismic event P-wave arrival S-wave arrival Deep learning

Comparison of different preoperative objective nutritional indices for evaluating 30-d mortality and complications after liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第1期16卷 143-154页

作者： chuan Li Hong-Xia chen Yan-Hua Lai Department of Transplantation People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Department of Clinical Pharmacy People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina

BACKGROUND The nutritional status is closely related to the prognosis of liver transplant re-cipients,but few studies have reported the role of preoperative objective nutri-tional indices in predicting liver transplant *** To compare the predictive value of various preoperative objective nutritional indicators for determining 30-d mortality and complications following liver transplantation(LT).METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 162 recipients who underwent LT at our institution from December 2019 to June *** This study identified several independent risk factors associated with 30-d mor-tality,including blood loss,the prognostic nutritional index(PNI),the nutritional risk index(NRI),and the control nutritional *** 30-d mortality rate was 8.6%.Blood loss,the NRI,and the PNI were found to be independent risk factors for the occurrence of severe postoperative *** NRI achieved the highest prediction values for 30-d mortality[area under the curve(AUC)=0.861,P<0.001]and severe complications(AUC=0.643,P=0.011).Compared to those in the high NRI group,the low patients in the NRI group had lower preoperative body mass index and prealbumin and albumin levels,as well as higher alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin levels,Model for End-stage Liver Disease scores and prothrombin time(P<0.05).Furthermore,the group with a low NRI exhibited significantly greater incidences of intraabdominal bleeding,primary graft nonfunction,and *** The NRI has good predictive value for 30-d mortality and severe complications following *** NRI could be an effective tool for transplant surgeons to evaluate perioperative nutritional risk and develop relevant nutritional therapy.

关键词： Liver transplantation Nutritional indicator Complications Prognosis Nutrition assessment

Graph foundation model

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第6期18卷 186355-186355页

作者： SHI chuan chen Junze LIU Jiawei LIU YANG cheng School of Computer Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Graph Foundation Models represent an evolving direction in graph machine learning. Drawing inspiration from the success of Large Language Models in NLP, GFMs are designed to be trained on extensive graph data and adapted for a diverse array of downstream tasks. In this article, we have explained and introduced the concept of GFMs, comparing them with Language Foundation Models to highlight their similarities and differences. We identified the key technologies in building GFMs as the pre-train and adaptation techniques from the fields of GNNs and LLMs. Additionally, we discussed the potential for GFMs to have significant applications in various domains, ranging from social network analysis to bioinformatics and beyond.

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Quantum Neural Network for Quantum Neural Computing

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 71-80页

作者： Min-Gang Zhou Zhi-Ping Liu Hua-Lei Yin chen-Long Li Tong-Kai Xu Zeng-bing chen National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of PhysicsCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China MatricTime Digital Technology Co.Ltd. Nanjing 211899China

Neural networks have achieved impressive breakthroughs in both industry and *** to effectively develop neural networks on quantum computing devices is a challenging open ***,we propose a new quantum neural network model for quantum neural computing using(classically controlled)single-qubit operations and measurements on real-world quantum systems with naturally occurring environment-induced decoherence,which greatly reduces the difficulties of physical *** model circumvents the problem that the state-space size grows exponentially with the number of neurons,thereby greatly reducing memory requirements and allowing for fast optimization with traditional optimization *** benchmark our model for handwritten digit recognition and other nonlinear classification *** results show that our model has an amazing nonlinear classification ability and robustness to ***,our model allows quantum computing to be applied in a wider context and inspires the earlier development of a quantum neural computer than standard quantum computers.

关键词： quantum thereby breakthrough

Durable dual-state duplex Si-HfO_(2)with excellent oxidation and cracking resistance

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第3期13卷 388-401页

作者： Lin chen Jing-chuan Luo Wen-Qi Yang Chang-Jiu Li Guan-Jun Yang State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Xi’an Aerospace Engine Company Limited in CASC Xi’an 710065China

The lifetime of Si bond coatings in environmental barrier coatings is constrained by phase-transition-induced cracking of the SiO_(2)*** this study,Si-HfO_(2)dual-state duplex composite materials are proposed to address this issue by partially forming HfSiO_(4)and minimizing the SiO_(2)*** as-prepared composite exhibited a structure comprising discrete HfO_(2)“bricks”embedded in a continuous Si“mortar”,while the oxidized state transformed into discrete HfSiO_(4)“bricks”within continuous thin SiO_(2)“mortars”.The results indicate that continuous thin SiO_(2)contributes to reducing the oxidation rate to a level comparable to that of pure Si,and discrete HfSiO_(4)particles aid in relieving phase transition-induced stress and inhibiting crack propagation,thereby enhancing oxidation and cracking resistance ***,the composite with 20 mol%HfO_(2)and a mean particle size of~500 nm at 1370℃exhibited a service lifetime 10 times greater than that of pure *** research provides valuable insights for designing Si-based bond coatings with improved service lifetime.

关键词： oxidation environmental barrier coatings(EBCs) phase transition cracking bond coatings