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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第8期13卷 734-755页

作者： Frederick H Koh Jason MW Chua Joselyn LJ Tan Fung-Joon Foo Winson J Tan Sharmini S Sivarajah Leonard Ming Li Ho bin-tean teh Min-Hoe Chew Division of Surgery Sengkang General HospitalSingapore 544886Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for Science Technology and ResearchSingapore 138673Singapore Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School National Cancer Centre SingaporeSingapore 169610Singapore

A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the prognostic significance of sarcopenia in surgical patients as an independent predictor of postoperative complications and *** included an increased risk of total complications,major complications,re-admissions,infections,severe infections,30 d mortality,longer hospital stay and increased hospitalization expenditures.A program to enhance recovery after surgery was meant to address these complications;however,compliance to the program since its introduction has been less than *** the last decade,the concept of prehabilitation,or"pre-surgery rehabilitation",has been *** presurgical period represents a window of opportunity to boost and optimize the health of an individual,providing a compensatory"buffer"for the imminent reduction in physiological reserve *** results have been *** review the literature to critically review the utility of prehabilitation,not just in the clinical realm,but also in the scientific realm,with a resource management point-of-view.

关键词： Sarcopenia Prehabilitation Surgery Frailty Value Gastrointestinal surgery

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两类血管预示不同的肾透明细胞癌预后

两类血管预示不同的肾透明细胞癌预后

A Two-layer Framework for Mitigating the Con-gestion of Urban Power Grids Based on Flexible Topology with Dynamic Thermal Rating

第四届中国肿瘤学术大会暨第五届海峡两岸肿瘤学术会议

作者：姚欣 Eric J．Kort James H．Resau bin tean teh 天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院盆腔泌尿科 Laboratory of Cancer Genetics Van Andel Research Institute333 Bostwick Ave NEGrand RapidsMI 49503．Department of Molecular Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstituteSweden Laboratory of Cancer Genetics Van Andel Research Institute333 Bostwick Ave NEGrand RapidsMI 49503．Department of Molecular Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstituteSweden Laboratory of Cancer Genetics Van Andel Research Institute333 Bostwick Ave NEGrand RapidsMI 49503．Department of Molecular Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstituteSweden

目的:血管生成是肿瘤生长的必需条件,也与肿瘤的血行转移有密切的关系。VHL基因是目前已知的低氧诱导因子（hypoxia—inducible factor,HIF）信号传导通路中极为重要的调节因子,VHL突变诱导的下游蛋白表达,如HIF, VEGF等参与调节血管生... 详细信息

目的:血管生成是肿瘤生长的必需条件,也与肿瘤的血行转移有密切的关系。VHL基因是目前已知的低氧诱导因子（hypoxia—inducible factor,HIF）信号传导通路中极为重要的调节因子,VHL突变诱导的下游蛋白表达,如HIF, VEGF等参与调节血管生成和细胞生长。在很多肿瘤类型中, 增加的肿瘤内血管密度和肿瘤缺氧状态与不良的肿瘤预后有直接关系。肾癌是常见的泌尿系统恶性肿瘤,80％为肾透明细胞癌（CCRCC）,41-53％的CCRCC发生VHL突变,而肿瘤血管生成与CCRCC预后的关系却一直有争论。本研究目的在于评价肿瘤内血管生成与CCRCC预后的关系,揭示转移性CCRCC血管生成的分子遗传学特征。方法:（1）Tissue Microarray（TMA）,芯片包括78例CCRCC、16例肾乳头状细胞癌（Papillary renal cell carcinoma,PRCC）、5例肾嫌色细胞癌（Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma,ChRCC）、4例肾嗜酸细胞瘤（Oncocytoma）和16例正常肾皮质,常规方法比较血管内皮细胞标志物CD31、CD34和CD105标识的血管密度（microvascular density,MVD）与CCRCC预后的关系。（2）双重免疫荧光分析,CD31,CD34蛋白与血管外周细胞标志物（SMA）和淋巴管内皮细胞抗原LYVE-1的定位关系。（3）成熟肿瘤内血管密度（mature intratumoral mi- crovascular density,MIMVD）与非成熟肿瘤内血管密度（immature intratumoral microvascular density,IMIMVD）的预后意义,具有完整的10年随访资料的76例CCRCC石蜡包埋标本,常规IHC方法检测CD31和CD34表达,选择5 个CD31的血管分布热点区域（200X）,计数血管,均值为 MVDCD31,在连续组织切片相同区域,计数CD34均值为 MIMVD,MVDCD31与MIMVD的差值为IMIMVD。单因素和多因素分析方法比较MIMVD和IMIMVD与CCRCC预后的关系,以及与肿瘤细胞分化程度的关系。（4）oligonucleotide array gene profiling,自92例非转移肾透明细胞癌（术后平均随访5年）、13例转移性CCRCC和12例正常肾皮质中提取、纯化总RNA,使用Affymetrix HGU133 Plus 2．0基因芯片（包含54,675寡核苷酸探针,标识47,000基因及其突变体）及推荐操作方法,采用R1．9．1软件包分析基因表达数据,比较不同预后的组织中基因转录水平的差异。结果:（1） CCRCC的MVD值高于其它亚型的肾上皮细胞肿瘤,而低于正常的肾皮质血管密度（p＜0．005）。文献报道CD105可以识别活化的乳腺癌血管内皮,TMA结果显示,抗CD105抗体不能识别正常的肾皮质内血管,在肿瘤组织中CD105仅识别 CD34阳性表达的血管内皮,MVDCD105与MVDCD34的相似系数为0．979。MVDCD105与MVDCD34与CCRCC术后转移风险负相关（p=0．043,p=0．0001）。CD34抗原仅在分化的血管肉瘤内皮细胞表达,而CD31则表达于分化和未分化的两类血管。本组中,CD31不仅标识具有明显管腔的成熟肿瘤内血管。还标识无明显管腔的血管内皮细胞。在不同预后的两组CCRCC中,MVDCD31无显著性差异,而转移组中 MVDCD31与MVDCD34的差值显著地高于非转移组（p＜0． 0001）,提示未成熟血管密度与CCRCC的不良预后有关。（2） CD31和CD34均与淋巴管内皮细胞的特异性抗体LYVE-1无交叉染色,CD34着色的血管外周均有SMA包饶,而部分 CD31着色的微血管外周无SMA着色,说明CD31抗原在有支持细胞的成熟血管和无支持细胞的非成熟血管内皮均表达。（3）单因素分析,MIMVD与CCRCC生存期延长正相关（HR 0．96,p=0．0004）,IMIMVD与CCRCC生存期呈负相关（HR 1．016,p＜0．0001）。多因素结果分析,IMIMVD是独立的 CCRCC预后因素（p=0．04）。分化好的CCRCC组织MIMVD 显著地高于分化差的肿瘤组织,而IMIMVD则与之相反。（4） cDNA microarray显示,部分与肿瘤血管形成＼缺氧效应相关的基因在未转移C C R C C中的转录水平高于转移性 CCRCC,包括VEGF（1．32倍,p＜0．01）,PDGFRB（1．75 倍,pP＜0．001）,KDR／VEGFR2（2．99倍,P＜0．001）,CD34 （1．82倍,p＜0．001）,

关键词：血管生成肾细胞癌转移预后

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2024年第4期9卷 83-95页

作者： Yi Su Jiashen teh Qian Luo Kangmiao Tan Jiaying Yong the School of Automation and Electronic In-formation Xiangtan Universityxiangtan 411100China IEEE the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(USM)Penang 11800Malaysia the School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia(USM)Penang 11800Malaysia the Institute of Power Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Tenaga Nasional(UNITEN)Kajang 43000Malaysia

The urban power grid(UPG)combines transmission and distribution *** studies on UPG congestion mitigation have primarily focused on relieving local congestion while ignoring large-scale energy transfer with safety margins and load *** situation is expected to worsen with the proliferation of renewable energy and electric *** this paper,a two-layer congestion mitigation framework is proposed,one which considers the congestion of the UPG with flexible *** the upper-layer,the particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to optimize the power supply distribution(PSD)of substation *** is known as the upper-layer *** lower-layer model recalculates the new PSD,known as the lower-layer PSD,based on the topology candidates.A candidate topology is at an optimum when the Euclidean distance mismatch between the upper-and lower-layer PSDs is the *** optimum topology is tested by standard power flow to ascertain its *** optimum transitioning sequence between the initial and optimum topologies is also determined by the two-layer framework to minimize voltage deviation and line overloading of the UPG considering dynamic thermal *** proposed framework is tested on a 56-node test *** show that the proposed framework can significantly reduce congestion,maintain safety margins,and determine the optimum transitioning sequence.

关键词： Congestion mitigation urban power grid two-layer framework transitioning sequence dynamic thermal rating

Impact of Large Language Models on Scholarly Publication Titles and Abstracts:A Comparative Analysis

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Journal of Social Computing 2024年第2期5卷 105-121页

作者： Phoey Lee teh Chukwudi Festus Uwasomba the Department of Cyber and Computing Wrexham UniversityWrexhamLL112AWUK the School of Computing and Computing STEM FacultyThe Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK

Artificial Intelligence(AI)tools become essential across industries,distinguishing AI-generated from human-authored text is increasingly *** study assesses the coherence of AI-generated titles and corresponding abstracts in anticipation of rising AI-assisted document *** main goal is to examine the correlation between original and AI-generated titles,emphasizing semantic depth and similarity measures,particularly in the context of Large Language Models(LLMs).We argue that LLMs have transformed research focus,dissemination,and citation patterns across five selected knowledge areas:Business Administration and Management(BAM),Computer Science and Information Technology(CS),Engineering and Material Science(EMS),Medicine and Healthcare(MH),and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences(PBS).We collected 15000 titles and abstracts,narrowing the selection to 2000 through a rigorous multi-stage screening process adhering to our study’s *** shows that there is insufficient evidence to suggest that LLM outperforms human authors in article title generation or articles from the LLM era demonstrates a marked difference in semantic richness and readability compared to those from the ***,it asserts that LLM is a valuable tool and can assist researchers in generating *** LLM’s assistance,the researcher ensures that the content is reflective of the finalized abstract and core research themes,potentially increasing the impact and accessibility and readability of the academic work.

关键词： semantic alignment cosine similarity patterns large language models technology impact

Predictive factors for percutaneous nephrolithotomy bleeding risks

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 105-109页

作者： U Phun Loo Chun Hou Yong Guan Chou teh Urology Department Sarawak General HospitalKuchingMalaysia

Objective:This study aimed to identify predictive factors for percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)bleeding *** better risk stratification,bleeding in high-risk patient can be anticipated and facilitates early ***:A prospective observational study of PCNL performed at our institution was *** adults with radio-opaque renal stones planned for PCNL were included except those with coagulopathy,planned for additional *** including gender,co-morbidities,body mass index,stone burden,puncture site,tract dilatation size,operative position,surgeon's seniority,and operative duration were studied using stepwise multivariate regression analysis to identify the predictive factors associated with higher estimated hemoglobin(Hb)***:Overall,4.86%patients(n=7)received packed cells *** mean estimated Hb deficiency was 1.3(range 0-6.5)g/dL and the median was 1.0 g/*** multivariate regression analysis revealed that absence of hypertension(p=0.024),puncture site(p=0.027),and operative duration(p=0.023)were significantly associated with higher estimated Hb ***,the effect sizes are rather small with partial eta-squared of 0.037,0.066,and 0.038,*** power obtained was 0.621,0.722,and 0.625,*** factors studied did not correlate with Hb ***:Hypertension,puncture site,and operative duration have significant impact on estimated Hb deficiency during ***,the effect size is rather small despite adequate study power ***,operative position(supine or prone),puncture number,or tract dilatation size did not correlate with Hb *** mainstay of reducing bleeding in PCNL is still meticulous operative *** study findings also suggest that PCNL can be safely done by urology trainees under supervision in suitably selected patient,without increasing risk of bleeding.

关键词： Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Predictive factor Risk factor Bleeding Blood loss

Accelerated partial breast irradiation:advances and controversies

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2016年第4期35卷 163-170页

作者： Mani Akhtari bin S.teh Department of Radiation Oncology Houston Methodist HospitalCancer Center and Research InstituteWeil Cornell Medical College Department of Radiation Oncology The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston

The management of localized breast cancer has changed dramatically over the past three to four *** therapy,which involved lumpectomy followed by adjuvant irradiation,is now widely considered the standard of care in women with early-stage breast *** partial breast irradiation(APBI),which involves focal irradiation of the lumpectomy cavity over a short period of time,has developed over the past two decades as an alternative to whole breast irradiation(WBI).Multiple APBI modalities have been developed including brachytherapy,external beam irradiation,and intraoperative *** new technigues have provided early-stage breast cancer patients with shorter treatment duration and more focused irradiation,delivering very high biological doses to the region at a high risk of failures over a much shorter treatment course as compared with conventional ***,the advantages of APBI over conventional radiotherapy are controversial,including a higher risk of complications reported in retrospective literature and shorter follow-up duration in the intraoperative APBI ***,APBI presents a valuable alternative to WBI for a selected population of women with early-stage breast cancer.

关键词： Accelerated partial breast irradiation Brachytherapy Breast cancer

Prevalence of Malnutrition and Anaemia in Children ≤ 5 Years of Age in Some Conflict Hit Areas of Meme Division of the South West Region of Cameroon

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 235-244页

作者： Asoba Gillian Nkeudem Ebong Fidelis Sameh Samuel Metuge teh Rene Ning Ngede Laura Senge Sumbele Irene Ngole Department of Social Economy and Family Management Higher Technical Teachers’ Training College University of Buea Kumba Cameroon Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Malnutrition refers to the deficiency, imbalances, or excesses in a person’s intake of energy or nutrients [1]. Khan defines anaemia as below level of Haemoglobin in red blood shown by a lower number of functioning red blood cells [2]. The crisis in the North West and South West Regions of Cameroon has led to several negative effects on children’s living conditions. There has been an increase in malnutrition and anaemia in the South West Region and Kumba in particular. The main objective of this study was “to examine the prevalence of malnutrition and anaemia in children ≤ 5 years of age in some conflict-hit areas of Meme Division”. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 from March to June. We recruited 200 children ≤ 5 years into the study from three hospitals. The regional hospital annex in Kumba, Presbyterian General Hospital Kumba and the Ntam Hospital in Kumba. Socio-demographic factors were assessed using questionnaire, nutritional status was assessed by the use anthropometric measurements and an auto haematology analyser was used to determine anaemia. The overall prevalence of malnutrition in the study area was 40.5%. The prevalence of malnutrition varied significantly (P < 0.001) with the study sites. The overall prevalence of anaemia in the study area was 70.5%. The prevalence of anaemia was not significantly associated with the study sites. The prevalence of Malnutrition and Anaemia in children ≤ 5 years of age is very high in the Kumba municipalities. This could be attributed to the ongoing crisis which has caused a lot of social migrations from rural areas to Urban areas which are safer.

关键词： Malnutrition Anaemia Prevalence Conflict Hit Areas

The Effects of Different Feeding Practices on the Nutritional Status of Infants below 12 Months Old in the Kumba 1 Sub-Division

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 336-350页

作者： Gillian Nkeudem Asoba Fidelis Sameh Ebong Samuel Metuge Etchu Kaptai Tabe teh Rene Ning Sumbele Irene Ngole Department of Social Economy and Family Management Higher Technical Teachers&#8217 Training College University of Buea Kumba Cameroon Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Appropriate feeding practices are important during infancy for good health, growth and development of infants and children. WHO revised its earlier recommendation of Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) of infants from 4 to 6 months of age to EBF until about 6 months of age, with the addition of complementary foods thereafter. This recommendation confirms that breast milk alone is sufficient to meet infants’ nutritional requirements for the first 6 months of life. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of various feeding practices on the Nutritional status of infants 0 - 12-month-old in the Kumba 1 Sub-Division. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to August 2020. A total of 341 nursing mothers and their infants 0 - 12 months of age were recruited. Socio-demographic factors and the different feeding habits of the children were assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometric measurements. The overall proportion of infants who exclusively breastfed for 6 months was 69.2% and those who were mix-fed were 30.8% in the study area. The overall prevalence of malnutrition in the population was 61.0%. Among the malnourished children, 53.1% were underweight, 19.6% were wasted and 10.0% were stunted. Though not significant, the prevalence of wasting (21.0%) and underweight (58.3%) was higher among Mix-Fed (MF) children when compared to their EBF counterparts. Feeding practices affected the nutritional status of the infants. Underweight and wasting were observed among infants on Complementary Feeding (CF), although some exclusively breast-fed infants were stunted. Hence, nursing mothers should try as much as possible to practice EBF as recommended by WHO and can practice CF when the child is above six months.

关键词： Exclusive Breastfeeding Complementary Feeding Feeding Practices Infants Malnutrition Nutritional Status Underweight Wasted Stunting

Chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: opportunities for advancement

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2016年第9期35卷 438-440页

作者： Mani Akhtari Eric H.Bernicker bin S.teh Department of Radiation Oncology Houston Methodist Hospital Cancer Center and Research Institute Weil Cornell Medical College Department of Radiation Oncology The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston Cancer Center Thoracic Medical Oncology Houston Methodist Hospital

Locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) continues to be a challenging disease to treat. With high rates of both local and distant failures, there is signiicant interest in inding more biologically active chemotherapy regimens that can contribute to reduce both failures. The phase III PROCLAIM trial, recently published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology entitled "PROCLAIM: randomized phase III trial of pemetrexed–cisplatin or etoposide–cisplatin plus thoracic radiation therapy followed by consolidation chemotherapy in locally advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer", compared two diferent chemotherapy regimens given concurrently with radiotherapy in patients with stage III non-squamous lung cancer: pemetrexed plus cisplatin versus cisplatin plus etoposide. Both groups received consolidation chemotherapy. After enrolling 598 of planned 600 patients, the study was stopped early due to futility as no diference was seen in the primary end-point of overall survival. Since PROCLAIM was designed as a superiority trial, these results suggest that pemetrexed regimens do not ofer a clinical advantage over standard cisplatin plus etoposide. There are some subpopulations who might still beneit from pemetrexed, especially if clinicians are concerned about myelosuppression-related adverse events. Future trials are needed to investigate novel biologic agents and irradiation techniques that can result in more durable local and distant disease control in locally advanced NSCLC.

关键词：非小细胞肺癌化疗放射治疗临床医生疾病控制 III 生物活性生物制剂