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逃离导向基团:非活化烯烃的不对称碳-碳键构筑

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Science Bulletin 2024年第3期69卷 290-292页

作者： Hongyu Zhong bill Morandi Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH ZürichZürich 8093Switzerland

Unfunctionalized olefins are produced on an enormous scale in the petroleum *** example,propene and butenes are produced annually on over 100-and 40-million-ton *** metal catalysis is an attractive approach for the valorization of such chemical feedstocks,which provides value-added building blocks that can be further transformed into pharmaceuticals and functional ***,unfunctionalized olefins are relatively inert molecules due to their weak interaction with the metal ***,the functionalization of unactivated olefins has been a long-standing challenge in transition metal *** use of directing groups has become a universal strategy to overcome the reactivity and selectivity issues[1].Directing groups are strongly binding functionalities that serve to coordinate to the metal center and bring the unactivated moiety closer to the metal.

关键词： moiety overcome closer

Speed and surface steepness affect internal tibial loading during running

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 118-124页

作者： Hannah Rice Markus Kurz Patrick Mai Leon Robertz Kevin bill Timothy R.Derrick Steffen Willwacher Department of Physical Performance Norwegian School of Sport SciencesOslo 0806Norway Sports Tech Research Centre Mid Sweden UniversityÖstersund SE-83125Sweden Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering Offenburg University of Applied SciencesOffenburg 77652Germany Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics German Sport University CologneCologne 50933Germany Department of Kinesiology Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

Background:Internal tibial loading is influenced by modifiable factors with implications for the risk of stress *** encounter varied surface steepness(gradients)when running outdoors and may adapt their speed according to the *** study aimed to quantify tibial bending moments and stress at the anterior and posterior peripheries when running at different speeds on surfaces of different ***:Twenty recreational runners ran on a treadmill at 3 different speeds(2.5 m/s,3.0 m/s,and 3.5 m/s)and gradients(level:0%;uphill:+5%,+10%,and+15%;downhill:-5%,-10%,and-15%).Force and marker data were collected synchronously *** moments were estimated at the distal third centroid of the tibia about the medial-lateral axis by ensuring static equilibrium at each 1%of *** was derived from bending moments at the anterior and posterior peripheries by modeling the tibia as a hollow ***-way repeated-measures analysis of variance were conducted using both functional and discrete statistical ***:There were significant main effects for running speed and gradient on peak bending moments and peak anterior and posterior *** running speeds resulted in greater tibial *** uphill at+10%and+15%resulted in greater tibial loading than level *** downhill at-10%and-15%resulted in reduced tibial loading compared to level *** was no difference between+5%or-5%and level ***:Running at faster speeds and uphill on gradients≥+10%increased internal tibial loading,whereas slower running and downhill running on gradients≥-10%reduced internal *** running speed according to the gradient could be a protective mechanism,providing runners with a strategy to minimize the risk of tibial stress injuries.

关键词： Bending moments Gradient Musculoskeletal modeling Overuse injury Tibial stress Training factors

Gold Standard for Skin Cancer Treatment: Surgery (Mohs) or Microscopic Molecular-Cellular Therapy (Curaderm)?

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2024年第2期15卷 33-47页

作者： bill Elliot Cham Australasian Medical Research Port Vila Republic of Vanuatu

Non-melanoma skin cancers or keratinocyte cancers such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma make up approximately 80% and 20% respectively, of skin cancers with the 6 million people that are treated annually in the United States. 1 in 5 Americans and 2 in 3 Australians develop skin cancer by the age of 70 years and in Australia it is the most expensive, amassing $1.5 billion, to treat cancers. Non-melanoma skin cancers are often self-detected and are usually removed by various means in doctors’ surgeries. Mohs micrographic surgery is acclaimed to be the gold standard for the treatment of skin cancer. However, a novel microscopic molecular-cellular non-invasive topical therapy described in this article, challenges the status of Mohs procedure for being the acclaimed gold standard.

关键词： Skin Cancer Basal Cell Carcinoma Squamous Cell Carcinoma Mohs Surgery Microscopic Molecular-Cellular Curaderm Actinic Keratosis Cosmesis

Unique Clinical Features of Curaderm when Treating Skin Cancers

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2024年第1期15卷 13-27页

作者： Tania Robyn Chase Kai Elliot Cham bill Elliot Cham Australasian Medical Research Port Vila Republic of Vanuatu

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of skin cancer and the most frequently occurring form of all cancers. Conventional treatments to remove or destroy basal cell carcinoma are indiscriminate and also remove or destroy normal skin cells resulting in compromised cosmetic outcomes. Consequences of these treatments include body-image issues, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and poorer quality of social and family life. A progressive topical cream formulation, Curaderm, containing the natural BEC glycoalkaloids, have shown to have advantages over conventional treatments. However, comprehensive clinical features of the skin cancer lesions during treatment with Curaderm have to date not been reported. This report shows that using unpublished data from a large number of patients with varying sizes, types and locations of basal cell carcinomas when treated with Curaderm in a phase 3 trial, an initial increase in size of the lesions occur, followed by a reverse course, leading to complete removal of the skin cancer. The specificity and mode of action of Curaderm explains the superior cosmetic outcomes when compared with conventional therapies.

关键词： Curaderm Skin Cancer Basal Cell Carcinoma BEC Glycoalkaloids Conventional Treatments

The Value of Excipients and the Required Understanding of the Biological System in Product Development: An Impactful Example of Curaderm, a Topical Skin Cancer Treatment

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 68-87页

作者： Tania Robyn Chase Kai Elliot Cham bill Elliot Cham Australasian Medical Research Port Vila Republic of Vanuatu

The incidences of nonmelanoma skin cancer are increasing worldwide, and the ongoing war on its treatment necessitates the development of effective and non-invasive methods. Through basic and clinical research, non-invasive treatments like Curaderm have been developed, leading to improved quality of life for patients. Excipients, previously considered inactive ingredients, play a crucial role in enhancing the performance of topical formulations. The development of Curaderm emphasizes the importance of understanding the interactions between active ingredients, excipients, and the biological system to create effective and affordable pharmaceutical formulations. The systematic approach taken in the development of Curaderm, starting from the observation of the anticancer activity of natural solasodine glycosides and progressing through toxicological and efficacy studies in cell culture, animals, and humans, has provided insights into the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of solasodine glycosides. It is crucial to determine these pharmacological parameters within the skin’s biological system for maximal effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a skin cancer treatment. Curaderm, as a topical treatment for nonmelanoma skin cancer, offers benefits beyond those obtained from other topical treatments, providing hope for improved quality of life for patients.

关键词： Curaderm BEC Solasodine Glycosides Solamargine Apoptosis Skin Cancer Actinic Keratosis Keratoacanthoma Basal Cell Carcinoma Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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行善不为人知的亿万富豪

空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第6期 12-13,41页

作者： bill Murphy,Jr. 不详

时间是2009年,一群亿万富豪秘密聚集在纽约市家餐厅,其中包括:沃伦·巴菲特、比尔:盖茨、奥普拉·温弗瑞、迈克尔·布隆伯格、查克·菲尼。“且慢,”我猜很多人读到这里会说,“我知道前面那四位,但查克·菲尼是谁?”就算你不知道他是谁。

关键词：亿万富豪查克纽约市

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混动飞机飞向蓝天

科技纵览 2024年第2期 30-36,4页

作者： Amy Jankovsky Christine Andrews bill Rogers 不详

NASA、通用电气航空公司和波音公司正在合作开发一款混合动力客机。商业航空联结了现代世界。国际民用航空组织(ICAO)的数据表明,在全球新冠疫情之前,每天平均有1200万人乘坐约10万次商业航班。这些数字现在已经大幅回升:预计2023年行... 详细信息

NASA、通用电气航空公司和波音公司正在合作开发一款混合动力客机。商业航空联结了现代世界。国际民用航空组织(ICAO)的数据表明,在全球新冠疫情之前,每天平均有1200万人乘坐约10万次商业航班。这些数字现在已经大幅回升:预计2023年行业收入将达到8030亿美元,比2022年增长9.7%,接近2019年疫情前的峰值。

关键词：商业航空混合动力通用电气合作开发数据表波音公司航空公司疫情

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重塑中小学校的体验——以峪景高中为例

当代建筑 2024年第1期 112-118页

作者：蔡羽 Tom Reich(摄影) bill Timmerman(摄影) DLR Group 不详

1创新的设计理念与空间规划亚利桑那州凤凰城的峪景高中位于美国西南部平坦开阔的沙漠地带。项目启动之初,当地企业、政府官员、家长、学生等近480人参与为建设学校而开展的社区会议和设计工坊的工作中。他们连续三周对校园内每个功能... 详细信息

1创新的设计理念与空间规划亚利桑那州凤凰城的峪景高中位于美国西南部平坦开阔的沙漠地带。项目启动之初,当地企业、政府官员、家长、学生等近480人参与为建设学校而开展的社区会议和设计工坊的工作中。他们连续三周对校园内每个功能板块的配置和设计提出自己的想法。设计工坊让设计团队测试想法、微调功能,并迭代设计理念。

关键词：灵活性可适应性可持续设计

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哈里斯经济议程已现雏形

商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第13期 4-5页

作者： Steve Dennis Akayla Gardner Jennifer Dlouhy bill Allison 易语(译) 不详

哈里斯势在进行品牌重塑,重新聚焦关键成就,对现行计划作出一些调整而非推倒重来.空军二号在佐治亚州落地,美国卡玛拉·哈里斯(Kamala Harris)时代由此揭开惟幕。这位美国副总统此番吸引的民众比总统乔·拜登(Joe Biden)一年下来吸引的... 详细信息

哈里斯势在进行品牌重塑,重新聚焦关键成就,对现行计划作出一些调整而非推倒重来.空军二号在佐治亚州落地,美国卡玛拉·哈里斯(Kamala Harris)时代由此揭开惟幕。这位美国副总统此番吸引的民众比总统乔·拜登(Joe Biden)一年下来吸引的民众总数都多——这是哈里斯在南方,在一个她已重新唤起活力的南方州的实力展示。这是她的高光时刻。

关键词：美国副总统品牌重塑佐治亚州哈里斯推倒重来