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prevalence of internet addiction among college students in the Indian setting:a systematic review and meta-analysis

General psychiatry 2021年第4期34卷 1-12,I0001-I0009页

作者： Jaison Joseph Abin Varghese Vijay VR Manju Dhandapani Sandeep Grover Suresh Sharma Deepika Khakha Sucheta Mann biji p varkey College of Nursing Department of Psychiatric NursingPandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health SciencesRohtakHaryanaIndia College of Nursing Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research CentreBhopalIndia College of Nursing All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswarOrissaIndia National Institute of Nursing Education Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia Department of psychiatry Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia College of Nursing All India Institute of Medical SciencesJodhpurRajasthanIndia College of Nursing AIl India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health SciencesRohtakHaryanaIndia

Background The internet is an integral part of everyone’s *** going adolescents are highly vulnerable to the misuse of the *** To estimate the pooled prevalence of internet addiction(IA)among college students in *** Literature databases(pubMed,Web of Science,Scopus,EMBASE,psycINFO and Google Scholar)were searched for studies assessing IA using the Young Internet Addiction Test(Y-IAT)among adolescents from India,published in the English language up to December *** included studies from 2010 to 2020 as this is the marked era of momentum in wireless internet connectivity in *** methodological quality of each study was scored,and data were extracted from the published *** prevalence was estimated using the fixed-effects *** bias was evaluated using Egger’s test and visual inspection of the symmetry in funnel *** Fifty studies conducted in 19 states of India estimated the prevalence of IA and the overall prevalence of IA as 19.9%(95%CI:19.3%to 20.5%)and 40.7%(95%CI:38.7%to 42.8%)based on the Y-IAT cut-off scores of 50 and 40,*** estimated prevalence of severe IA was significantly higher in the Y-IAT cut-off points of 70 than 80(12.7%(95%CI:11.2%to 14.3%)vs 4.6%(95%CI:4.1%to 5.2%)).The sampling method and quality of included studies had a significant effect on the estimation of prevalence in which studies using non-probability sampling and low risk of bias(total quality score≥7)reported lower *** overall quality of evidence was rated as‘moderate’based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation *** Our nationally representative data suggest that about 20%to 40%of college students in India are at risk for *** is a need for further research in the reconsideration of Y-IAT cut-off points among Indian college students.

关键词： internet Google everyone

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Spontaneous gallbladder perforation,pericholecystic abscess and cholecystoduodenal fistula as the first manifestations of gallstone disease

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Hepatobiliary & pancreatic Diseases International 2009年第2期8卷 212-214页

作者： Vui Heng Chong Kian Soon Lim varkey Vallickad Mathew Gastroenterology Unit Department of MedicineRaja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha(RIPAS)Hospital Gastroenterology Unit Department of RadiologyRaja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha(RIPAS)Hospital Gastroenterology Unit Department of SurgeryRaja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha(RIPAS)Hospital

BACKGROUND:Gallstone disease is common,and complications that are frequently encountered include acute cholecystitis and acute pancreatitis,but rarely gallbladder perforation. METHOD:Data were retrospectively collected from clinical case notes and a literature review is presented. RESULTS:A 72-year-old lady presented with spontaneous gallbladder perforation,pericholecystic abscess and cholecystoduodenal fistula as the first manifestations of gallstone *** was previously well and had no abdominal *** condition was successfully managed with initial antibiotic therapy followed by interval cholecystectomy and fistula repair. CONCLUSIONS:Our case highlighted some uncommon but severe complications which occurred simultaneously as the first manifestations of previously asymptomatic gallstone *** complications need to be considered in patients suspected of intra-abdominal sepsis,even when there are no characteristic symptoms.

关键词： acute cholecystitis biliary disease complication liver abscess

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Heel pad avulsion injury:an approach with hyperbaric oxygen therapy

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plastic and Aesthetic Research 2015年第1期2卷 56-62页

作者： pradeoth Korambayil Mukundan prashanth varkey Ambookan Department of plastic Surgery and Burns Jubilee Institute of Surgery for HandAesthetic and MicrosurgeryJubilee Mission Medical College and Research InstituteThrissur 680007KeralaIndia

Aim:Crush injuries of the foot are often associated with partial or complete degloving of the heel *** purpose of this study is to present an algorithm for the management of various types of heel pad avulsion injuries,including hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)therapy in the treatment ***:We present a prospective study of 27 patients with various types of heel pad avulsion managed in our institution from December 2012 to June *** pad avulsion injuries were classified according to the angiosomal *** or complete avulsions were classified and treated *** therapy was administered *** postoperative period,hospital course,and follow-up were documented in patients with heel pad avulsion ***:Of 27 patients,20 cases presented with partial avulsion and 7 cases were complete *** 20 cases of partial avulsion,one of the flaps was anchored with *** cases of partial heel pad avulsion were managed by *** patients out of 20 required skin grafting as a secondary procedure at a later *** of 7 cases of complete avulsion,one was managed by full-thickness skin grafting,one case by reverse sural artery flap coverage,and four cases were managed by free tissue *** flap revisions were required,and no complications were experienced for the transferred ***:HBO therapy may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of heel pad avulsion injuries.

关键词： Angiosome heel pad avulsion hyperbaric oxygen therapy soft tissue reconstruction

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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and surgical delay improve flap survival of reverse pedicle flaps for lower third leg and foot reconstruction

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plastic and Aesthetic Research 2015年第1期2卷 130-137页

作者： pradeoth Mukundan Korambayil prashanth varkey Ambookan Department of plastic Surgery and Burns Jubilee Institute of Surgery for HandAesthetic and MicrosurgeryJubilee Mission Medical College and Research InstituteThrissur 680005KeralaIndia

Aim:The purpose of the study is to present a management protocol for various types of soft tissue defects of the distal third region of leg and foot treated with pedicle flaps,by including hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)therapy in the treatment regimen with flap ***:We present a prospective study of 23 patients with various types of soft tissue defects of the foot,and lower third of leg managed in our institution from December 2012 to December *** soft tissue defects were treated by a reverse pedicle *** patients were managed with flap delay with HBO therapy and 11 patients with immediate flaps without HBO *** postoperative period,hospital course,and follow-up were ***:Of 12 patients with flap delay and HBO,10 patients did not suffer any complications secondary to flap *** patient had discoloration of the tip of the flap,which settled without the intervention,and 1 patient had recurrent abscess formation,which required debridement and *** 11 patients with direct transfer,6 patients presented with complications including flap congestion,partial flap loss,and tip necrosis,which required secondary ***:HBO therapy is a useful adjunct in flap delay of the reverse pedicle flap for soft tissue reconstruction of the lower third of the leg and foot regions.

关键词： Flap delay hyperbaric oxygen therapy reverse pedicle flap soft tissue reconstruction

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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves outcome of snake envenomation:tertiary center experience

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plastic and Aesthetic Research 2016年第1期3卷 59-63页

作者： pradeoth Korambayil Mukundan prashanth varkey Ambookan Ragu Angappan Department of plastic Surgery Jubilee Institute for Surgery of HandAesthetic and MicrosurgeryThrissur 680005KeralaIndia Department of plastic Surgery Sushruta Cosmetic and Laser Surgery CentreCoimbatore 641004Tamil NaduIndia.

Aim:Snakebite injuries of the extremities are common in tropical India among those involved in farming and outdoor *** injuries often complicated by cellulitis,gangrene,regional lymphadenopathy,compartment syndrome,bleeding abnormalities,septicemia,hypotension,and disseminated intravascular coagulation,resulting in significant morbidity and *** purpose of the study is to share our experience of hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)therapy in the management of snakebite ***:All patients who were treated for snakebite injuries in our department between October 2012 and October 2013 were included in the ***:Out of a total 395 patients,174 patients treated with anti-snake venom with a mortality of 17 ***-four out of the 174 patients was in the pediatric age *** of the patients referred to our department,23 presented with cellulitis,7 with compartment syndrome and 17 for the management of soft tissue cover over the *** the 47 patients,30 involved the lower extremity and rest involved the upper *** patients were subjected to HBO therapy as an *** patients required flap cover:cross finger flap(n=2),anterolateral thigh free tissue transfer(n=1),lateral supramalleolar flap(n=1),groin flap(n=1),and dorsal metacarpal artery flap(n=1).There was no need for fasciotomy among the patients who suffered impending compartment ***:HBO therapy may reduce the incidence of fasciotomy and increase the effectiveness of plastic surgical modalities if administered early and may be used as a useful adjunct in the management of snake envenomation injury.

关键词： Hyperbaric oxygen therapy snake bite injury soft tissue reconstruction upper and lower extremity

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Soft tissue defects of eyelid and malar region:an experience with the McGregor flap

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plastic and Aesthetic Research 2015年第1期2卷 69-72页

作者： pradeoth Korambayil Mukundan prashanth varkey Ambookan Vinoth Kumar Dilliraj Jubilee Institute for Surgery of Hand Aesthetic and MicrosurgeryJubilee Mission Medical College and Research InstituteThrissur 680005KeralaIndia Department of plastic Surgery and Burns Vijaya HospitalVadapalaniChennai 600026Tamil NaduIndia

Aim:Reconstruction of defects of the eyelids and malar region following trauma may result in considerable distortion of the adjacent tissue.A clinical study was undertaken to demonstrate the ability to utilize a modified McGregor flap for reliable soft tissue ***:Nine patients with eyelids and malar soft tissue defects were treated over a period of 12 months from July 2013 to June *** this prospective study,a McGregor flap was used for the closure of defects in 9 patients(7 men and 2 women),aged 20-36 years(mean age:27 years).Three sessions of hyperbaric oxygen therapy were administered postoperatively,and patients received subsequent ***:Six patients presented with malar and lower eyelid defects,2 patients presented with malar defects,and one patient with upper eyelid,lower eyelid and malar defects following trauma.A McGregor flap was performed in all *** preexcision defects varied in size from 3 cm×2 cm to 4 cm×3 *** secondary procedures were required in any *** were removed between 7 and 9 days *** were no cases of partial or total flap loss over the course of 10-14 months ***:The outcome following use of the McGregor flap procedure was functionally and aesthetically satisfactory in all *** McGregor flap is a useful option for the reconstruction of defects following trauma to the upper eyelid,lower eyelid,and malar regions.

关键词： Eyelid defects hyperbaric oxygen therapy malar defects McGregor flap

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Germicidal Action of Some Metals/Metal Ions in Combating <i>E. coli</i>Bacteria in Relation to Their Electro-Chemical properties

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Journal of Water Resource and protection 2013年第12期5卷 1132-1143页

作者： Alakaparampil Joseph varkey Mgidi Donald Dlamini Anaclet Bwampamye Mansuetus Ababu Teklemariam Tiruneh Department of Biological Sciences University of Swaziland Kwaluseni Swaziland Department of Environmental Health Science University of Swaziland Mbabane Swaziland Department of physics University of Swaziland Kwaluseni Swaziland

The germicidal properties of some metals and metal compounds were investigated in relation to their electro-chemical properties that may play a role in the inactivation of E. coli bacteria. These properties included the atomic and ionic radii, ionization energy, oxidation state, energy of formation with hydro-sulfide groups, and the redox potential of the metals. Cultures of E. coli bacteria with predetermined numbers of colony-forming units (CFU’s) were brought in contact with the metals as well as metal compounds, using Eosin methylene blue agar medium and sterilized, distilled water. The rate of inactivation was determined by counting the CFU’s at predefined intervals of time after inoculation. The experimental results showed that the rate of inactivation increases with increasing ionization energy of the metals. While the rate of inactivation increases with decreasing atomic radii for some of the transition metals, there is no apparent relationship between ionic radius and rate of inactivation for the metal compounds. In addition, non-transition group III metals such as aluminum and indium showed higher rates of inactivation that are comparable to the action of silver. This is probably due to the increase in coagulation potential and the resulting adsorption of bacteria, because a larger number of ions are able electrons carried by these atoms. In general, there is a difference between the atoms and the ions in terms of their rate of inactivation. This difference increases amongst the transition metals that have lower oxidation potential, lower ionization potential as well as larger ionic radius. The results also showed that for the metals, adsorption through coagulation is an important fact or that is responsible for inactivation of E. coli. For the metal compounds, additional mechanisms such as direct reaction through complex formation, physico-chemical distortion of the cell structure through direct entry of the ions into the cell, may contribute towards grea

关键词： Metal Inactivation Disinfection Heavy Metal Toxicity Water Treatment Rate of Inactivation Escherichia coli

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Skin bioprinting:the future of burn wound reconstruction?

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Burns & Trauma 2019年第1期7卷 25-36页

作者： Mathew varkey Dafydd O.Visscher paul p.Mvan Zuijlen Anthony Atala James J.Yoo Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest School of MedicineMedical Center BoulevardWinston-SalemNC 27101USA Department of plastic Reconstructive and Hand SurgeryAmsterdam University Medical Center1081HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Movement Sciences AmsterdamThe Netherlands Burn Center Red Cross Hospital1942LEBeverwijkThe Netherlands Association of Dutch Burn Centres 1942LEBeverwijkThe Netherlands

Burns are a significant cause of trauma,and over the years,the focus of patient care has shifted from just survival to facilitation of improved functional ***,burn treatment,especially in the case of extensive burn injuries,involves surgical excision of injured skin and reconstruction of the burn injury with the aid of skin *** skin substitutes do not contain all skin cell types and do not facilitate recapitulation of native skin ***-dimensional(3D)bioprinting for reconstruction of burn injuries involves layer-by-layer deposition of cells along with scaffolding materials over the injured *** bioprinting can be done either in situ or in *** these approaches are similar except for the site of printing and tissue *** are technological and regulatory challenges that need to be overcome for clinical translation of bioprinted skin for burn ***,the use of bioprinting for skin reconstruction following burns is promising;bioprinting will enable accurate placement of cell types and precise and reproducible fabrication of constructs to replace the injured or damaged ***,3D bioprinting is a very transformative technology,and its use for wound reconstruction will lead to a paradigm shift in patient *** this review,we aim to introduce bioprinting,the different stages involved,in vitro and in vivo skin bioprinting,and the various clinical and regulatory challenges in adoption of this technology.

关键词： Bioprinting Skin Burns Reconstruction

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Superiorly based perforator plus fl ap for inguinal defects

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plastic and Aesthetic Research 2014年第1期1卷 89-93页

作者： pradeoth Mukundan Korambayil prashanth varkey Ambookan Vinoth Kumar Dilliraj Department of plastic Surgery and Burns Jubilee Institute of Surgery for HandAesthetic and MicrosurgeryJubilee Mission Medical College and Research InstituteThrissur 680005KeralaIndia

Aim:Inguinal block dissections for metastasis to inguinal lymph nodes and occasionally trauma are always associated with soft tissue loss over the groin region.A clinical study was undertaken to demonstrate the ability to utilize a superiorly-based perforatorﬂap with reliable vascularity and less donor site morbidity to cover defects in the inguinal ***:A prospective study was performed on 7 patients with inguinal soft tissue defects managed in our institution from January 2013 to September *** the study period,a“superiorly-based perforator plusﬂap”was used for soft tissue coverage over the femoral vessels in the inguinal *** oxygen therapy was administered *** postoperative period,hospital course,and follow-up after radiotherapy was documented in patients with inguinal block ***:Seven patients presented with soft tissue defects in the inguinal *** of the defects were secondary to prior surgery,and 2 were secondary to trauma.A superiorly-based perforator plusﬂap was performed in all *** defect sizes ranged from 9 cm×4 cm to 17 cm×8 ***ﬂap dimensions ranged from 12 cm×5 cm to 20 cm×10 *** secondary procedures were necessary following ***,there was no evidence of partial or totalﬂap ***ﬂap revisions were required,and no complications were experienced at either the donor or recipient site following *** were followed-up for 10-18 ***:Inguinal defects require stable soft tissue coverage to withstand radiotherapy following inguinal block dissection surgery,and are susceptible to wound *** superiorly-based perforator plusﬂap technique is simple,requires little operative time,and is a reliableﬂap for coverage of the femoral vessels and inguinal region with improved tolerance to postoperative radiotherapy.

关键词： Hyperbaric oxygen therapy inguinal lymph nodes soft tissue defect superiorly-based perforator plus flap

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peno-scrotal soft tissue loss:a need for multidisciplinary and multimodal integration

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plastic and Aesthetic Research 2016年第1期3卷 273-278页

作者： pradeoth Korambayil Mukundan prashanth varkey Ambookan Ragu Angappan Vinoth Kumar Dilliraj Department of plastic Surgery and Burns Bahrain Defence Force Royal Medical ServicesEast Riffa 38285Bahrain

Aim:Scrotal soft tissue loss is a part of the challenging conditions for plastic *** non-availability of adequate nearby healthy soft tissue and its probability of frequent contamination by excretory substances make the issue of reconstruction *** authors present their experience with penoscrotal soft tissue loss with hyperbaric oxygen therapy as an ***:This retrospective study was undertaken in the department of plastic surgery,over a period of 2 *** patients with scrotal or penile injury and infection were enrolled in the *** of the patients ranged 20-60 *** patients had traumatic loss of scrotal skin and 4 resulted following necrotizing soft tissue *** patients underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy before and following ***:Healing was complete in all patients with minor complications as partial skin graft loss in 2 *** patients(55.5%)had sustained the soft tissue loss due to *** cause of necrotizing fasciitis was found in 4 patients(44.4%).The mean length of hospital stay was 42.5 ***:Management of soft tissue loss of penoscrotal region requires an organized approach and the utilization of newer modalities for early recovery of these injuries is of primary *** surgeons should know the various reconstructive pathways and use of adjunct measures like hyperbaric therapy for early recovery.

关键词： Scrotal soft tissue loss necrotizing fasciitis soft tissue reconstruction hyperbaric oxygen therapy

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