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Chinese Chemical Letters 2016年第1期27卷 31-36页

作者： M.Nibin Joy bhaskaran savitha Ayyiliyath M.Sajith Yadav D.Bodke Talavara Venkatesh K.K.Abdul Khader M.Syed Ali Padusha A.Muralidharan Department of P.G studies and Research in Industrial Chemistry Kuvempu University Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry Jamal Mohamed College Bharathidasan University Organic Chemistry Division School of Chemical Sciences Kasaragod Govt.College Kannur University

A rapid, efficient, and facile synthesis of an assortment of C-2 substituted imidazopyrazines has been achieved by utilizing the palladium catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling of 2-bromo-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyrazine with various boronic acids under microwave irradiation. The utilization of（A-^（ta）phos）_2PdCl_2 as a catalyst in combination with Cs F as base and DME-H_2O（4：1） as the solvent system at 100℃ procured the diaryls in acceptable to excellent yields. Prominent features of this developed methodology include short reaction times, fewer side products, and exceptional tolerance to a wide variety of functional groups.

关键词： Imidazopyrazine Boronic acid Suzuki coupling Microwave

Green-synthesized gold nanoparticles from Plumeria alba flower extract to augment catalytic degradation of organic dyes and inhibit bacterial growth

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Particuology 2016年第1期14卷 78-86页

作者： Rani Mata Aswathy bhaskaran Sudha Rani Sadras Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Life Sciences Pondicherry University Pondicherry 605014 India

Bio-inspired eco-friendly gold nanoparticles were synthesized by a green method using aqueous Plume- ria alba flower extract （PAFE）. The use of 1% and 5% concentrations of PAFE resulted in two different sizes of P. alba gold nanoparticles, PAGNPsl and PAGNPs2, with surface plasmon resonance （SPR） peaks at 552 and 536 nm, respectively. Size-controlled formation of gold nanoparticles was indicated by the SPR shift observed with increasing concentration of PAFE. The accurate size and morphology of PAGNPs I and PAGNPs2 were determined by transmission electron microscope （TEM） analysis is found to be 28 ＋ 5.6 and 15.6 4-3.4 nm, respectively, and those are spherical in shape. The antibacterial activity of PAGNPsl and PAGNPs2 was tested against Escherichia coil; the small-sized PAGNPs2 exhibited better antibacterial activity with a 16-mm zone of inhibition at a concentration of 400 txg/mL. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of PAGNPsl and PAGNPs2 was analyzed on six hazardous dyes; PAGNPs2 exhibited more pro- nounced catalytic activity than PAGNPsl. Among all of the dyes, 4-nitrophenol was most rapidly degraded to 4-aminophenol by PAGNPs2 within 5 min. The mechanism of catalysis in the presence of PAGNPsl and PAGNPs2 can be described as an electron transfer process from donor NaBH4 to an acceptor. The facile green synthesis of such eco-friendly nanoparticles in bulk suggests this method has potential industrial applications.

关键词： Plumeria alba flower extract Gold nanoparticles Size control Antibacterial Catalytic efficiency

Evaluation of Process and Economic Feasibility of Implementing a Topping Cycle Cogeneration

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Energy Engineering 2023年第2期120卷 345-365页

作者： Unique Karki bhaskaran Gopalakrishnan Department of Industrial&Management Systems Engineering West Virginia UniversityMorgantown26506USA

Industrial applications that require steam for their end-use generally utilize steam boilers that are typically oversized,citing operations ***,gas turbine-based power plants corroborate a gas turbine system that may eventually relieve the usable exhaust into the *** study explores the economic and technical feasibility of a topping cycle combined heat and power(CHP)*** does so by leveraging a partially loaded boiler or gas turbine by increasing its unused load to generate steam and heat for subsequent *** this end,a decision support tool(COGENTEC)was developed,which emulates a given facility’s boiler or gas-turbine system,and its operational parameters with the application of steam *** tool provides necessary insights into the most appropriate parameters that enable a CHP system to be technically and economically *** on input variables such as boiler-rated capacity,steam pressure,steam temperature,and existing boiler load,among others,COGENTEC designs a topping cycle CHP system to inform a user whether this system is feasible in their facility or *** applicable,the tool assists the user to realize the point of break-even(fuel cost incurred and cost savings)at the desired steam flow *** also conducts sensitivity analyses between energy usage,cost savings,and payback on the investment of the operating parameters to understand the relationship between relevant *** utilizing parameters from a pulp and paper manufacturing facility,the research determines that the fuel cost,electricity cost,and steam flow rate are the most important parameters for the feasibility of the system with a desirable payback on the investment.

关键词： Cogeneration topping cycle CHP industrial decarbonization energy efficiency

Nanoparticle assembly enabled by EHD-printed monolayers

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 154-162页

作者： Benjamin Francis Porter Nhlakanipho Mkhize Harish bhaskaran Department of Materials University of OxfordOxford OX13PHUK

Augmenting existing devices and structures at the nanoscale with unique functionalities is an exciting *** is the ability to eventually enable at the nanoscale,a version of rapid prototyping via additive *** this requires a step-up in manufacturing for industrial use of these devices through fast,inexpensive prototyping with nanoscale *** this paper,we combine two very promising techniques—self-assembly and printing—to achieve additively nanomanufactured *** start by showing that monolayers can drive the assembly of nanoparticles into pre-defined patterns with single-particle resolution;then crucially we demonstrate for the first time that molecular monolayers can be printed using electrohydrodynamic(EHD)-jet *** functionality and resolution of such printed monolayers then drives the self-assembly of nanoparticles,demonstrating the integration of EHD with *** shows that such process combinations can lead towards more integrated process flows in ***,in-process metrology is a key requirement for any large-scale nanomanufacturing,and we show that Dual-Harmonic Kelvin Probe Microscopy provides a robust metrology technique to characterising these patterned structures through the convolution of geometrical and environmental *** represent a first step toward combining different additive nanomanufacturing techniques and metrology techniques that could in future provide additively nanomanufactured devices and structures.

关键词： additive nanomanufacturing dual-harmonic Kelvin probe microscopy electrohydrodynamic printing self-assembly 24 nanoparticles

Role of mesoscale eddies on atmospheric convection during summer monsoon season over the Bay of Bengal: A case study

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2018年第4期3卷 343-354页

作者： Venkata Sai Gulakaram Naresh Krishna Vissa Prasad Kumar bhaskaran Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences National Institute of Technology RourkelaDist:SundargarhOdisha769008India Department of Ocean Engineering&Naval Architecture Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpurKharagpur721302West BengalIndia

Our study aims to understand the variability of oceanic mesoscale eddies during contrasting(2009 and 2013)monsoon seasons and the role of such eddies on atmospheric deep convection over the Bay of Bengal(BoB).Oceanic eddies are detected and tracked using sea surface height anomalies(SSHA),by employing the Okubo-Weiss parameter eddy detection *** differences in the SSHA and eddy activity are evident during the contrasting monsoon *** the year 2013(2009),anticyclonic eddies are predominant(absent)in the eastern BoB and longer(shorter)lifespans of cyclonic eddies are observed in the northern and western *** of time-longitude SSHA and zonal wind stress reveals the presence of strong(weak)equatorial downwelling Kelvin waves,coastal Kelvin waves and Rossby waves in the BoB during 2013(2009)Indian summer monsoon(ISM).The variability of eddies in the BoB during contrasting monsoons is attributed by the remote forcing effect of planetary scale *** study is extended to investigate the associated atmospheric deep convection over the regions of cyclonic and anticyclonic ***-correlations demonstrates that SSHA leads the outgoing longwave radiation by four days over anticyclonic eddy *** from the present study provide new insight into the internal dynamics of the ocean.

关键词： Oceanic mesoscale eddies Bay of Bengal Summer monsoon season Kelvin and Rossby waves Atmospheric convection.

eQUEST Based Building Energy Modeling Analysis for Energy Efficiency of Buildings

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Energy Engineering 2024年第10期121卷 2743-2767页

作者： Saroj Lamichhane Roseline Mostafa bhaskaran Gopalakrishnan Dayakar G.Devaru Regional Mechanical Field AmazonWeb ServicesHerndonVA 20170USA Industrial and Management Systems Engineering West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV 26505USA Industrial and Production Engineering JSS Science&Technology UniversityMysuru570006India

Building energy performance is a function of numerous building *** this study,sensitivity analysis on twenty parameters is performed to determine the top three parameters that have the most significant impact on the energy performance of *** data from two fully operational commercial buildings were collected and used to develop a building energy model in the Quick Energy Simulation Tool(eQUEST).The model is calibrated using the Normalized Mean Bias Error(NMBE)and Coefficient of Variation of Root Mean Square Error(CV(RMSE))*** model satisfies the NMBE and CV(RMSE)criteria set by the American Society of Heating,Refrigeration,and Air-Conditioning(ASHRAE)Guideline 14,Federal Energy Management Program(FEMP),and International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol(IPMVP)for building energy model *** values of the parameters are varied in two levels,and then the percentage change in output is *** factorial analysis on eight parameters with the highest percentage change in energy performance is performed at two levels in a statistical software *** building A,the top 3 parameters from the percentage change method are:Heating setpoint,cooling setpoint and server *** fractional factorial design,the top 3 parameters are:heating setpoint(p-value=0.00129),cooling setpoint(p-value=0.00133),and setback control(p-value=0.00317).For building B,the top 3 parameters from both methods are:Server room(pvalue=0.0000),heating setpoint(p-value=0.00014),and cooling setpoint(p-value=0.00035).If the best values for all top three parameters are taken simultaneously,energy efficiency improves by 29%for building A and 35%for building B.

关键词： Energy efficiency eQUEST energy consumption building energy modeling

Determination of Effectiveness of Energy Management System in Buildings

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Energy Engineering 2023年第2期120卷 561-586页

作者： Vivash Karki Roseline Mostafa bhaskaran Gopalakrishnan Derek R.Johnson University of Rochester RochesterNY14627USA Industrial and Management Systems Engineering West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV26505USA Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV26505USA

Building Energy Management Systems(BEMS)are computer-based systems that aid in managing,controlling,and monitoring the building technical services and energy consumption by equipment used in the *** effectiveness of BEMS is dependent upon numerous factors,among which the operational characteristics of the building and the BEMS control parameters also play an essential *** research develops a user-driven simulation tool where users can input the building parameters and BEMS controls to determine the effectiveness of their *** simulation tool gives the user the flexibility to understand the potential energy savings by employing specific BEMS control and help in making intelligent *** simulation is developed using Visual Basic Application(VBA)in Microsoft Excel,based on discrete-event Monte Carlo Simulation(MCS).The simulation works by initially calculating the energy required for space cooling and heating based on current building parameters input by the user in the ***,during the second simulation,the user selects all the BEMS controls and improved building envelope to determine the energy required for space cooling and heating during that *** model compares the energy consumption from the first simulation and the second *** the simulation model will provide the rating of the effectiveness of BEMS on a continuous scale of 1 to 5(1 being poor effectiveness and 5 being excellent effectiveness of BEMS).This work is intended to facilitate building owner/energy managers to analyze the building energy performance concerning the efficacy of their energy management system.

关键词： Buildings energy management system demand controlled ventilation supply air temperature reset temperature setback control monte carlo simulation

Add-on therapy of herbal formulation rich in standardized fenugreek seed extract in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with insulin therapy: An efficacy and safety study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第9期8卷 446-455页

作者： Amit Kandhare Uday Phadke Abhay Mane Prasad Thakurdesai Sunil bhaskaran Department of Scientific Affairs Indus Biotech Private Limited Ruby Hall Clinic Tulip Opp.Camp Education Society's High School

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of herbal formulation rich in standardized fenugreek seed extract(IND-2) add-on therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) patients who were on insulin treatment in prospective, single arm, open-label, uncontrolled, multicentre ***: T2DM patients(n=30) with aged 18-80 years who were stabilized on insulin treatment with fasting blood sugar(FBS) level between 100-140 mg/dL received IND-2 capsules(700 mg, thrice a day) for 16 *** primary endpoints were an assessment of FBS at week 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and *** end-points include post-prandial blood sugar level, glycosylated Hb(HbA1c), reduction in the dose of insulin and number of hypoglycemic attacks, and improvement in lipid profile at various *** and adverse events(AEs) were also assessed during the ***: Study was completed in twenty T2DM patients, and there was no significant reduction in FBS and post-prandial blood sugar level after addon therapy of ***, add-on therapy of IND-2 significantly reduced(P<0.01) the HbA1c values, requirements of insulin and hypoglycemic events as compared with *** cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins-cholesterol, and low-density lipoproteincholesterol levels were significantly increased(P<0.01) after IND-2 add-on *** weight and safety outcomes did not differ significantly in IND-2 add-on therapy group at week ***, add-on therapy of IND-2 did not produce any serious adverse ***: The results of present investigation suggest that add-on therapy of IND-2 with insulin in T2DM patients improves glycaemic control through a decrease in levels of HbA1c and number of insulin doses needed per day without an increase in body weight and risk of ***, IND-2 may provide a safe and well-tolerated add-on therapy option for the management of T2DM.

关键词： Add-on therapy Dietary supplement Glycaemic control HbA1c Standardized fenugreek seed extract Type 2 diabetes

Energy crypto currencies and leading *** stock prices:are Fibonacci retracementsprofitable?

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Financial Innovation 2022年第1期8卷 187-213页

作者： Ikhlaas Gurrib Mohammad Nourani Rajesh Kumar bhaskaran Faculty of Management Canadian University Dubai1st InterchangeSheikh Zayed RoadP.O.Box 117781DubaiUnited Arab Emirates The University of Waikato Joint Institute at Zhejiang University City College University of WaikatoHangzhouChina Department of Finance Institute of Management TechnologyUG 02Dubai International Academic CityDubaiUnited Arab Emirates

This paper investigates the role of Fibonacci retracements levels,a popular technical analysis indicator,in predicting stock prices of leading *** companies and energy *** study methodology focuses on applying Fibonacci retracements as a system compared with the buy-and-hold *** crypto and stock prices were obtained from the Standard&Poor’s composite 1500 energy index and CoinMarketCap between November 2017 and January *** study also examined if the combined Fibonacci retracements and the price crossover strategy result in a higher return per unit of *** findings revealed that Fibonacci retracement captures energy stock price changes better than ***,most price violations were frequent during price falls compared to price increases,supporting that the Fibonacci instrument does not capture price movements during up and downtrends,***,fewer consecutive retracement breaks were observed when the price violations were examined 3 days before the current ***,the Fibonacci-based strategy resulted in higher returns relative to the naïve buy-and-hold ***,complementing Fibonacci with the price cross strategy did not improve the results and led to fewer or no trades for some *** study’s overall findings elucidate that,despite significant drops in oil prices,speculators(traders)can implement profitable strategies when using technical analysis indicators,like the Fibonacci retracement tool,with or without price crossover rules.

关键词： Performance evaluation Energy cryptos Energy stocks Fibonacci retracements

Evaluation of Energy Efficiency Performance of Heated Windows

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Energy Engineering 2022年第1期119卷 1-16页

作者： Hari Swarup Jammulamadaka bhaskaran Gopalakrishnan Subodh Chaudhari Senthil Sundaramoorthy Akash Rajesh Mehta Roseline Mostafa Energy and Mineral Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePA 16801USA Industrial and Management Systems Engineering West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV 26505USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37831USA

Fenestration systems are widely used across the *** is expansive research on window configurations,frames,and glazing technology,but not enough research has been published on reducing window heat loss through heat application to a *** presented study attempted to evaluate the performance of heated windows by developing an experimental setup to test a window at various temperatures by varying the power input to *** double pane window was installed in an insulated *** gradient was developed across the window by cooling one side of the window using gel-based ice *** other face of the window was heated by enabling power at different wattages through the *** temperature of the inside and outside panes,current and voltage input,and temperature of the room and box were *** data was used to calculate the apparent effective resistance of the window when not being heated *** being *** study concluded that,when window temperature was maintained close to the room temperature,the heated double pane window is effective in reducing heat loss by as much as 50%as compared to a non-heated double pane *** temperature of the window was much higher than the room temperature,the heat loss through the window increased beyond that of a non-heated *** issues encountered during the current stages of experiments are noted,and recommendations are provided for future studies.

关键词： Heated windows perimeter heating window efficiency building energy models floor heating