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Layer chicken microbiota:a comprehensive analysis of spatial and temporal dynamics across all major gut sections

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1056-1070页

作者： Yadav sharma Bajagai Thi Thu Hao Van Nitish Joat Kapil Chousalkar Robert J.Moore Dragana Stanley Institute for Future Farming Systems Central Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQLD 4701Australia School of Science RMIT UniversityBundooraVIC 3083Australia School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences The University of AdelaideRoseworthySouth Australia 5371Australia

Background The gut microbiota influences chicken health,welfare,and productivity.A diverse and balanced microbiota has been associated with improved growth,efficient feed utilisation,a well-developed immune system,disease resistance,and stress tolerance in *** studies on chicken gut microbiota have predominantly focused on broiler chickens and have usually been limited to one or two sections of the digestive system,under con-trolled research environments,and often sampled at a single time *** extend these studies,this investigation examined the microbiota of commercially raised layer chickens across all major gut sections of the digestive system and with regular sampling from rearing to the end of production at 80 *** aim was to build a detailed picture of microbiota development across the entire digestive system of layer chickens and study spatial and temporal *** The taxonomic composition of gut microbiota differed significantly between birds in the rearing and pro-duction stages,indicating a shift after laying *** microbiota compositions were observed between proven-triculus and gizzard,as well as between jejunum and ileum,likely due to their anatomical ***-lus dominated the upper gut in pullets and the lower gut in older *** oesophagus had a high proportion of Proteobacteria,including opportunistic pathogens such as *** abundance of Gallibacterium increased after peak production in multiple gut *** was enriched in the late-lay phase compared to younger birds in multiple gut *** influenced microbial richness and diversity in different *** upper gut showed decreased diversity over time,possibly influenced by dietary changes,while the lower gut,specifi-cally cecum and colon,displayed increased richness as birds ***,age-related changes were inconsist-ent across all organs,suggesting the influence of organ-specific factors in micro

关键词： Chicken microbiota Gut microbiota Layers Spatial variation Temporal variation

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Prediction of rock fragmentation in a fiery seam of an open-pit coal mine in India

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 2879-2893页

作者： Mukul sharma Bhanwar Singh Choudhary Autar K.Raina Manoj Khandelwal Saurav Rukhiyar Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(ISM)Dhanbad826004India CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research Nagpur Research Center(Mining Technology)Nagpur440006India Institute of Innovation Science and SustainabilityFederation University AustraliaBallaratVIC3350Australia

Spontaneous combustion of coal increases the temperature in adjoining overburden strata of coal seams and poses a challenge when loading *** condition,known as hot-hole blasting,is dangerous due to the increased possibility of premature explosions in loaded ***,it is crucial to load the blastholes with an appropriate amount of explosives within a short period to avoid premature detonation caused by high temperatures of ***,it will help achieve the desired fragment *** study tried to ascertain the most influencial variables of mean fragment size and their optimum values adopted for blasting in a fiery *** on blast design,rock mass,and fragmentation of 100 blasts in fiery seams of a coal mine were collected and used to develop mean fragmentation prediction models using soft computational *** coefficient of determination(R^(2)),root mean square error(RMSE),mean absolute error(MAE),mean square error(MSE),variance account for(VAF)and coefficient of efficiency in percentage(CE)were calculated to validate the *** indicates that the random forest algorithm(RFA)outperforms the artificial neural network(ANN),response surface method(RSM),and decision tree(DT).The values of R^(2),RMSE,MAE,MSE,VAF,and CE for RFA are 0.94,0.034,0.027,0.001,93.58,and 93.01,*** parametric sensitivity analyses(MPSAs)of the input variables showed that the Schmidt hammer rebound number and spacing-to-burden ratio are the most influencial variables for the blast fragment *** analysis was finally used to define the best blast design variables to achieve optimum fragment size from *** optimum factor values for RFA of S/B,ld/B and ls/ld are 1.03,1.85 and 0.7,respectively.

关键词： Fiery seam Rock fragmentation Response Surface Method(RSM) Artificial Neural Network(ANN) Random Forest Algorithm(RFA) Multiple Parametric Sensitivity Analysis (MPSA)

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An Improved Lung Cancer Segmentation Based on Nature-Inspired optimization Approaches

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1051-1075页

作者： Shazia Shamas Surya Narayan Panda Ishu sharma Kalpna Guleria Aman Singh Ahmad Ali AlZubi Mallak Ahmad AlZubi Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityRajpuraPunjab140401India Higher Polytechnic School Universidad Europea del AtlánticoC/Isabel Torres 21Santander39011Spain Department of Engineering Universidad Internacional IberoamericanaAreciboPR00613USA Uttaranchal Institute of Technology Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunUttarakhand248007India Computer Science Department King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Faculty of Medicine Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan

The distinction and precise identification of tumor nodules are crucial for timely lung cancer diagnosis andplanning intervention. This research work addresses the major issues pertaining to the field of medical imageprocessing while focusing on lung cancer Computed Tomography (CT) images. In this context, the paper proposesan improved lung cancer segmentation technique based on the strengths of nature-inspired approaches. Thebetter resolution of CT is exploited to distinguish healthy subjects from those who have lung cancer. In thisprocess, the visual challenges of the K-means are addressed with the integration of four nature-inspired swarmintelligent techniques. The techniques experimented in this paper are K-means with Artificial Bee Colony (ABC),K-means with Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA), K-means with Particle Swarm optimization (PSo), and Kmeanswith Firefly Algorithm (FFA). The testing and evaluation are performed on Early Lung Cancer ActionProgram (ELCAP) database. The simulation analysis is performed using lung cancer images set against metrics:precision, sensitivity, specificity, f-measure, accuracy,Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), Jaccard, and *** detailed evaluation shows that the K-means with Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) significantly improved thequality of lung cancer segmentation in comparison to the other optimization approaches utilized for lung cancerimages. The results exhibit that the proposed approach (K-means with CSA) achieves precision, sensitivity, and Fmeasureof 0.942, 0.964, and 0.953, respectively, and an average accuracy of 93%. The experimental results prove thatK-meanswithABC,K-meanswith PSo,K-meanswith FFA, andK-meanswithCSAhave achieved an improvementof 10.8%, 13.38%, 13.93%, and 15.7%, respectively, for accuracy measure in comparison to K-means segmentationfor lung cancer images. Further, it is highlighted that the proposed K-means with CSA have achieved a significantimprovement in accuracy, hence can be utilized by resea

关键词： Lesion lung cancer segmentation medical imaging meta-heuristic Artificial Bee Colony(ABC) Cuckoo Search Algorithm(CSA) Particle Swarm optimization(PSo) Firefly Algorithm(FFA) segmentation

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An arrow in the quiver: evaluating the performance of Hyptis suaveolens(L.) Poit. in different light levels

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期 130-147页

作者： Kanhaiya Shah Gyan Prakash sharma R.Sagar Department of Environmental Studies University of Delhi Department of Botany Banaras Hindu University

Background Hyptis suaveolens（L.） Poit.,native to the American tropics,is a pantropical annual plant and a major invasive species throughout *** was anticipated that the availability of sunlight,coupled with its superior reproductive potential,persistent propagule bank,and dispersal ability,could lead to an increase in the growth and spread of this invader,thus potentially impeding herbaceous growth and diversity in non-native *** its ecological fitness and competitive performance will be useful to manage the spread of *** in natural ecosystems that are facing a wide range of anthropogenic *** The present study is a three-tier *** the first tier,a field study was conducted to assess the patterns of *** abundance and herbaceous species diversity in response to light availability(sun,842-1072μmol m-2s-1and shade 253-341 μmol m-2S-1) in the tropical dry deciduous ecosystems in the Vindhyan highlands,***,the impact of *** abundance on the resident native and non-native species abundance and diversity was also *** the second tier,a randomized common garden experiment was conducted to understand the trait fitness of *** in sun(940 μmol m-2s-1) and shade(300 μmol m-2s-1) *** the third tier,a plant growth chamber experiment with high-light(940 μmol m-2s-1) and low-light(300 μmol m-2s-1)treatments was done to learn how *** partitions its biomass between aboveground and belowground plant *** The field study indicated that the sunlit areas had a higher abundance of *** and a lower diversity of resident herbaceous species than the shaded *** common garden experiment showed that sun-dwelling *** individuals performed better in germinative,vegetative,eco-physiological,and reproductive traits than the shade-dwelling *** growth chamber experiment exhibited that plants grown in high-light environment had greater seed germi

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The Criteria for Reducing Centrally Restricted Three-Body Problem to Two-Body Problem

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 1-19页

作者： Bijay Kumar sharma Department of Electronics and Communication National Institute of Technology Patna India

our Solar System contains eight planets and their respective natural satellites excepting the inner two planets Mercury and Venus. A satellite hosted by a given Planet is well protected by the gravitational pertubation of much heavier planets such as Jupiter and Saturn if the natural satellite lies deep inside the respective host Planet Hill sphere. Each planet has a Hill radius aH and planet mean radius RP and the ratio R1=RP/aH. Under very low R1 (less than 0.006) the approximation of CRTBP (centrally restricted three-body problem) to two-body problem is valid and planet has spacious Hill lobe to capture a satellite and retain it. This ensures a high probability of capture of natural satellite by the given planet and Sun’s perturbation on Planet-Satellite binary can be neglected. This is the case with Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune and Uranus. But Mercury and Venus has R1=RP/aH =0.01 and 5.9862 × 10-3 respectively hence they have no satellites. There is a limit to the dimension of the captured body. It must be a much smaller body both dimensionally as well masswise. The qantitative limit is a subject of an independent study.

关键词： Hill’s Radius Two-Body Problem Fixed-Point Solution Lagrange Points Earth-Moon-Test Particle CRTBP

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Cluster sampling methodology to evaluate immunization coverage

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第3期14卷 78-89页

作者： Aishwarya sharma RB Jain Jitesh Satija Aditi sharma Avani sharma Sudhir Shekhawat Department of Community Medicine School of Medical Sciences&ResearchSharda UniversityGreater Noida 201306UPIndia Department of Community Medicine World College of Medical Sciences&ResearchJhajjar 124103HaryanaIndia Department of Community Medicine ESIC Medical College&HospitalFaridabad 121012HaryanaIndia Department of Community Medicine Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences&ResearchNew Delhi 110062India Department of Community Medicine Pt.B.D.Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesRohtak 124001HaryanaIndia Independent Biostatistician Ghaziabad 201014UPIndia

BACKGRoUND Immunization is a key component of primary health care and an indisputable human *** are critical to the prevention and control of infectious disease *** coronavirus disease 2019(CoVID-19)pandemic and associated disruptions over the past two years have strained the health systems,with many children missing out on essential childhood *** To evaluate the immunization coverage among 12-23-month-old children in the rural areas of Community Health Centre(CHC)Dighal and to determine the factors influencing the existing immunization *** A coverage evaluation survey was conducted according to the 30-cluster sampling technique,which is the standard methodology for such surveys devised by World Health organization.A total of 300 children aged 12-23 months were included,whose immunization details were noted from their immunization *** Full immunization rate was noted in 86.7%of the children,with partial and non-immunized children accounting for 9%and 4.3%*** full immunization dropout rate was 4.2%.The common reasons for partial or non-immunization were family problem including illness of mother,vaccine not being available and child being *** of birth(P=0.014)and availability of immunization card(Pors of the immunization *** the study was conducted in 2020/2021,health services were disrupted due to the CoVID-19 *** Due to the coverage being higher than the national average,it was concluded that the immunization coverage was optimal and not affected by the CoVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： Immunization coverage Children CoVID 19 pandemic Vaccines Family health Routine immunization

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Plant based metabolomics:a future prospective and versatile tool for metabolite databases of Curcuma longa

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未来食品学报(英文) 2024年第1期4卷 37-47页

作者： Shuvendhu Gupta Amrat Pal Singh Gurpreet Singh Xianting Ding Alok sharma Department of Pharmacognosy ISF College of PharmacyMoga 142001India Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry ISF College of PharmacyMoga 142001India School of Biomedical Engineering Med-X Research InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

Sophisticated analytical instruments are used for quality evaluation and scientific validation to compliance the Sophisticated analytical instruments are used for quality evaluation and scientific validation to compliance the market ***,increase in demand of Curcuma longa has led to a high swing in small and medium food *** present review is devoted to an in-depth information on metabolite database of *** from different analytical techniques such as high-performance thin-layer chromatography(HPTLC),liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic *** work highlights different extraction methods,phytochemistry along with structure activity relationship,nutritional profiling,market viability and pharmacology of *** bioactives of *** depends on various factors such as plants growth,temperature,humidity,soil type,collection,drying and extraction *** factors can contribute in quality evaluation of the food supplements if need to be *** introduction of omics approaches can helpful to explore the quality and identification of potential lead of *** results could play an essential role in the area of food-phyto based ***,metabolomics techniques may provide a analytical platfom by combination of different"omics"data souces for future esearch to food sand herbal based products.

关键词： Curcuma longa omics approaches Multidisciplinary method Quality control Metabolomics

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Spatio-temporal variation and relationship between agricultural efficiency and irrigation intensity in a semi-arid region of India

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 123-139页

作者： Shibu DAS Kaushal Kumar sharma Suranjan MAJUMDER Debabrata DAS Indrajit Roy CHoWDHURY Centre for the Study of Regional Development School of Social SciencesJawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi110067India Department of Geography&Applied Geography University of North BengalDarjeeling734013India Geography Department of Krishnagar Government College Krishnagar741101India

A surging population in Karnataka State,a semi-arid region in India,poses a threat to both food security and livelihood sustainability,necessitating a concentrated effort to bolster agricultural efficiency and achieve United Naton’s Sustainable Development Goal 2(zero hunger).Therefore,in order to address the pressing issue of food scarcity in Karnataka,this study meticulously examined the spatio-temporal variation of agricultural efficiency and irrigation intensity in Karnataka,uncovering its significant dependence of agricultural efficiency on irrigation ***,this study used a one-way analysis of variance(ANoVA)to ascertain significant differences in the means of agricultural efficiency and irrigation intensity during 2004-2005 and *** study showed that the maximum improvement in agricultural efficiency index was recorded in Belgaum(40.24),Gulbarga(24.77),and Yadgir districts(22.92)between 2004-2005 and 2018-2019,which indicated the progressing trend and better scope for agriculture *** the contrary,some districts expressed threat(a decline of above 20.00 of agricultural efficiency index)and needed special care for the improvement of agricultural efficiency in four northern districts(Bagalkot,Bidar,Raichur,and Bijapur),three southern districts(Chitradurga,Chikballapur and Hassan),and two southern districts(Koppal and Gadag)in *** 2004-2005,irrigation intensity varied from 3.19%to 56.39%,with the lowest irrigation intensity in Kodagu District and the highest irrigation intensity in Shimoga *** 2018-2019,irrigation intensity changed from 0.77%to 72.77%,with the lowest irrigation intensity in Kodagu District and the highest in Dakshin Kannad ***,the research scrutinized the complex relationship between agricultural efficiency and irrigation intensity,with the correlation coefficient increased from 0.162 during 2004-2005 to 0.255 during *** implies that in both periods,a low positive

关键词： Agricultural efficiency Irrigation intensity one-way analysis of variance(ANoVA) Food security Karnataka

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Machine learning-guided accelerated discovery of structure-property correlations in lean magnesium alloys for biomedical applications

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2267-2283页

作者： Sreenivas Raguraman Maitreyee sharma Priyadarshini Tram Nguyen Ryan McGovern Andrew Kim Adam J.Griebel Paulette Clancy Timothy P.Weihs Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Translational Tissue Engineering Center Johns Hopkins School of Medicine400 N BroadwayBaltimore21231MDU.S.A Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Research and Development Fort Wayne Metals Research ProductsLLC9609 Ardmore AveFort Wayne46809INU.S.A Department of Mechanical Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A

Magnesium alloys are emerging as promising alternatives to traditional orthopedic implant materials thanks to their biodegradability,biocompatibility,and impressive mechanical ***,their rapid in-vivo degradation presents challenges,notably in upholding mechanical integrity over *** study investigates the impact of high-temperature thermal processing on the mechanical and degradation attributes of a lean Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn alloy,*** rapid,cost-efficient characterization methods like X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy,we swiftly examine microstructural changes post-thermal *** Pearson correlation coefficient analysis,we unveil the relationship between microstructural properties and critical targets(properties):hardness and corrosion ***,leveraging the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSo),we pinpoint the dominant microstructural factors among closely correlated *** findings underscore the significant role of grain size refinement in strengthening and the predominance of the ternary Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3)phase in corrosion *** suggests that achieving an optimal blend of strength and corrosion resistance is attainable through fine grains and reduced concentration of ternary *** thorough investigation furnishes valuable insights into the intricate interplay of processing,structure,and properties in magnesium alloys,thereby advancing the development of superior biodegradable implant materials.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Machine learning Corrosion Mechanical properties Rapid characterization

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Accelerated intermetallic phase amorphization in a Mg-based high-entropy alloy powder

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1792-1798页

作者： Prince sharma Purvam Mehulkumar Gandhi Kerri-Lee Chintersingh Mirko Schoenitz Edward L.Dreizin Sz-Chian Liou Ganesh Balasubramanian Institute for Functional Materials&Devices Lehigh UniversityBethlehemPA 18015USA Center of Materials for Advanced Energetics New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102USA

We describe a novel mechanism for the synthesis of a stable high-entropy alloy powder from an otherwise immiscible Mg-Ti rich metallic mixture by employing high-energy mechanical *** presented methodology expedites the synthesis of amorphous alloy powder by strategically injecting entropic disorder through the inclusion of multi-principal elements in the alloy *** from first principles and materials theory corroborate the results from microscopic characterizations that reveal a transition of the amorphous phase from a precursor intermetallic *** transformation,characterized by the emergence of antisite disorder,lattice expansion,and the presence of nanograin boundaries,signifies a departure from the precursor intermetallic ***,this phase transformation is accelerated by the presence of multiple principal elements that induce severe lattice distortion and a higher configurational *** atomic size mismatch of the dissimilar elements present in the alloy produces a stable amorphous phase that resists reverting to an ordered lattice even on annealing.

关键词： High-entropy alloy High-energy milling Antisite disorder Amorphous Intermetallic

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