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Biologging is suspect to cause corneal opacity in two populations of wild living Northern Bald Ibises (Geronticus eremita)

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Avian Research 2020年第4期11卷 412-420页

作者： Johannes Fritz Barbara Eberhard Corinna Esterer bernhard Goenner Daniela Trobe Markus Unsoeld bernhard Voelkl Helena Wehner Alexandra Scope Waldrappteam LIFE Northern Bald Ibis6162 MuttersAustria Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Biology University of ViennaViennaAustria Veterinary University Vienna ViennaAustria University of Bern Vetsuisse FacultyBernSwitzerland Bavarian State Collection of Zoology MunichGermany

Background:In this paper,we present evidence that biologging is strongly correlated with eye irritation,with sometimes severely impairing effects.A migratory population of the Northern Bald Ibis(Geronticus eremita,NBI)is reintroduced in Europe,in course of a LIFE+*** 2014,all individuals have been equipped with *** monitoring allows the implementation of focussed measures against major mortality ***:Initially all birds carried battery-powered devices,fixed on the lower back of the *** 2016 an increasing amount of birds has been equipped with solar-powered devices,fixed on the upper back,the more sunexposed *** 2016,we observed opacity in the cornea of one eye(unilateral corneal opacity;UCO)during a regular health monitoring for the first ***:By 2018,a total of 25 birds were affected by UCO,with varying intensity up to *** examination of the birds revealed no clear cause for the ***,only birds carrying a device on the upper back were affected(2017 up to 70%of this group).In contrast,none of the birds carrying devices on the lower back ever showed UCO *** unexpected relationship between tagging and UCO was discovered in *** we took countermeasures by removing the device or repositioning it on the lower back,we observed an immediate reduction of the incidence rate without any new cases reported since January *** roost with their head on the back,one eye closely placed to the device if it was positioned on the upper ***,we conclude that the most parsimonious explanation for the symptomatology is either a repetitive slight temperature rise in the corneal tissue due to electromagnetic radiation by the GSM module of the device or a repetitive slight mechanical irritation of the corneal *** evidence is missing so ***,cases of UCO were found in another NBI ***:Our observations indicate that further research in the fast-

关键词： Blindness Electromagnetic radiation Endangered bird species Eye opacity GPS-devices Mechanical irritation Reintroduction Solar-powered

On the calibration of rotational augmentation models for wind turbine load estimation by means of CFD simulations

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2020年第2期36卷 306-319页

作者： Belen Soledad Burgos Tafur Elia Daniele bernhard Stoevesandt Philipp Thomas Fraunhofer IWES Am Seedeich 4527572 BremerhavenGermany Flensburg University of Applied Sciences Wind Energy Technology InstituteNordstraße224943 FlensburgGermany

In this work the improved version of an engineering model which accounts for rotational augmentation effects by means of computational fluid dynamics(CFD)calibration is explored and *** on an analysis of the NREL Phase VI wind turbine,the novel modeling is presented,which uses as base line the formulation proposed by Chaviaropoulos and *** model is calibrated based on CFD simulations using *** corresponding correction of the two dimensional polars is straightforward implemented within MoWiT,an in-house software for load *** novel formulation results in improved lift and drag coefficients prediction in all considered cases,reducing the deviation with respect to the rotating CFD cases down to few *** optimal configuration including the correction for tip effects of Shen shows better agreements at the very tip of the *** the range of applicability for large wind turbine rotor blades based on a virtual 10MW rotor model is discussed.

关键词： calculation. rotational correction

Let’s talk about Secs: Sec61, Sec62 and Sec63 in signaltransduction, oncology and personalized medicine

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2017年第1期2卷 229-238页

作者： Maximilian Linxweiler bernhard Schick Richard Zimmermann Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgerySaarland University Medical CenterHomburgGermany Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Saarland UniversityHomburgGermany

The heterotrimeric Sec61 complex and the dimeric Sec62/Sec63 complex are located in the membrane of the human endoplasmic reticulum(ER)and play a central role in translocation of nascent and newly synthesized precursor polypeptides into the *** process involves targeting of the precursors to the membrane and opening of the polypeptide conducting Sec61 channel for *** from this central role in the intracellular transport of polypeptides,several studies of the last decade uncovered additional functions of Sec proteins in intracellular signaling:Sec62 can induce ER-phagy in the process of recovery of cells from ER stress and the Sec61 channel can also act as a passive ER calcium leak ***,mutations,amplifications and an overexpression of the SEC genes were linked to various diseases including kidney and liver diseases,diabetes and human *** of the last decade could not only elucidate the functional role of Sec proteins in the pathogenesis of these diseases,but also demonstrate a relevance of Sec62 as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in head and neck cancer,prostate and lung cancer including a basis for new therapeutic *** this article,we review the current understanding of protein transport across the ER membrane as central function of Sec proteins and further focus on recent studies that gave first insights into the functional role and therapeutic relevance of Sec61,Sec62 and Sec63 in human diseases.

关键词： transport signal cancer

Optimal measurement locations for diagnosis of aortic abnormalities in a lumped-parameter model of the systemic circulation using sensitivity analysis

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2017年第8期10卷 217-240页

作者： R. Gul S. bernhard Department of MathematicsCOMSATS Institute of Information Technology Abbottabad Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Pforzheim University of Applied Sciences Germany

The basic theme of this work is to identify the optimal measurement locations for pres- sure and flow in the systemic circulation to detect aortic stenoses and aneurysms in early stages of a disease. For this purpose, a linear elastic lumped parameter model of the fluid dynamical simulator, major arterial cardiovascular simulator （MACSim）, is considered and global sensitivity analysis is applied to identify the better measurement locations for pressure and flow in the systemic circulation. The obtained results of sensitivity analysis provide insight that enable the experimentalists to optimize their experimental setups for detecting aortic stenoses and aneurysms using parameter estimation process. From the results, it is observed that the stenosis in the thoracic aorta can be identified from both pressure and flow at the location itself, nearby nodes, aorta ascendens, arcus aorta, arteria subclavia and arteria axillaris. On the other hand, the preferable measurement locations for abdominal aneurysms are locations themselves, nearby nodes and left/right leg of the body.

关键词： Lumped parameter model systemic circulation stenoses aneurysms globalsensitivity analysis.

Pervasive geo-security - a lightweight triple-A approach to securing distributed geo-service infrastructures

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2014年第5期7卷 373-390页

作者： Bernd Resch bernhard Schulz Manfred Mittlboeck Thomas Heistracher Research Studio iSPACE Research Studios AustriaSalzburgAustria SENSEable City Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBostonMAUSA Department of Information Technology and Systems Management University of Applied SciencesSalzburgAustria

Security has recently become a major concern in distributed geo-infrastructures for spatial data ***,a lightweight approach for securing distributed low-power environments such as geo-sensor networks is *** first part of this article presents a survey of current security mechanisms for authentication and *** on this survey,a lightweight and scalable token-based security infrastructure was developed,which is tailored for use in distributed geo-web service *** developed security framework comprises dedicated components for authentication,rule-based authorisation and optimised storage and administration of access *** validation purposes,a prototypical implementation of the approach has been created.

关键词： pervasive security distributed geo-service infrastructures triple-A geo-authorisation standardised sensor networks service protection Geographic Information Systems(GIS) geoinformatics spatial data infrastructure Digital Earth Digital Earth Architecture

Towards SDN Based Queuing Delay Estimation

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China Communications 2016年第3期13卷 27-36页

作者： MA Haiyan YAN Jinyao Panagiotis Georgopoulos bernhard Plattner Faculty of Science and Technology Communication University of China Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich)

As one of Qo S(Quality of Service) metrics, delay is critical important to delay sensitive applications, such as interactive video, network game and online surgery. In this paper, we exploit SDN(Software Defined Networking) advantages to solve delay Qo S problem. Our work mainly focuses on SDN based queuing delay estimation with real traffic and end-to-end delay control. First, we propose a queuing estimation model and extended it for end-to-end delay of the whole path. It is proved to be feasible and accurate with experimental results in SDN environment. Second, in order to demonstrate the use of our proposed model, we also implement an end-to-end delay control application in SDN. It fulfills specific delay Qo S requirements by dynamically switching flows to a suitable queue based on estimation results and delay requirements.

关键词： autonomic Qo S dynamic model delay performance SDN

Updating digital elevation models via change detection and fusion of human and remote sensor data in urban environments

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第2期8卷 153-171页

作者： Carolin Klonner Christopher Barron Pascal Neis bernhard Hofle Department of Geography University of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany

OpenStreetMap(OSM)currently represents the most popular project of Volunteered Geographic Information(VGI):geodata are collected by common people and made available for public *** Laser Scanning(ALS)enables the acquisition of high-resolution digital elevation models that are used for many *** study combines the advantages of both ALS and OSM,offering a promising new approach that enhances data quality and allows change detection:the mainly up-to-date 2D data of OSM can be combined with the high-resolution–but rarely updated–elevation information provided by *** case study investigates building objects of OSM and ALS data of the city of Bregenz,*** quality of OSM is discerned by the comparison of building footprints using different true positive definitions(*** area).High quality of OSM data is revealed,yet also limitations of each method with respect to heterogeneous regions and building outlines are *** the first time,an up-to-date Digital Surface Model(DSM)combining 2D OSM and ALS data is achieved.A multitude of applications such as flood simulations and solar potential assessments can directly benefit from this data combination,since their value and reliability strongly depend on an up-to-date DSM.

关键词： OpenStreetMap airborne laser scanning change detection 3D modelling up-to-date digital surface models

Peptide self-assembly into lamellar phases and the formation of lipid-peptide nanostructures

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Nano Research 2018年第2期11卷 913-928页

作者： Karin Kornmueller bernhard Lehofer Gerd Leitinger Heinz Amenitsch Ruth Prassl Institute of Biophysics Medical University of Graz BioTechMed-Graz Graz Austria Institute of Cell Biology Histology and Embryology Research Unit Electron Microscopic Techniques Medical University of Graz Graz Austria Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Graz University of Technology Graz Austria

Lipids exhibit an extraordinary polymorphism in self-assembled mesophases, with lamellar phases as the most relevant biological representative. To mimic lipid lamellar phases with amphiphilic designer peptides, seven systematically varied short peptides were engineered. Indeed, four peptide candidates （V4D, V4WD, V4WD2, I4WD2） readily self-assembled into lamellae in aqueous solution. Small-angle X-ray scattering （SAXS） patterns revealed ordered lamellar structures with a repeat distance of 4-5 nm. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） images confirmed the presence of stacked sheets. Two derivatives （V3D and V4D2） remained as loose aggregates dispersed in solution; one peptide （L4WD2） formed twisted tapes with internal lameUae and an antiparaUel -type monomer aligrtment. To understand the interaction of peptides with lipids, they were mixed with phosphatidylcholines. Low peptide concentrations （1.1 mM） induced the formation of a heterogeneous mixture of vesicular structures. Large multilamellar vesicles （MLV, d-spacing - 6.3 nm） coexisted with oligo- or unilamellar vesicles （- 50 nm in diameter） and bicelle-like structures （- 45 nm length, - 18 nm width）. High peptide concentrations （11 mM） led to unilamellar vesicles （ULV, diameter - 260-280 nm） with a homogeneous mixing of lipids and peptides. SAXS revealed the temperature-dependent fine structure of these ULVs. At 25 ℃ the bilayer is in a fully Interdigitated state （headgroup-to-headgroup distance dH, -2.9 nm）, whereas at 50 ℃this interdigitation opens up （dtm- 3.6 nm）. Our results highlight the versatility of self-assembled peptide superstructures. Subtle changes in the amino acid composition are key design elements in creating peptide- or lipid- peptide nanostructures with richness in morphology similar to that of naturally occurrin~ lioids.

关键词： amphiphilic designerpeptides lipids nanostructures lamellae small-angle X-rayscattering (SAXS) transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM)

A High Order Sharp-Interface Method with Local Time Stepping for Compressible Multiphase Flows

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第1期9卷 205-230页

作者： Angela Ferrari Claus-Dieter Munz bernhard Weigand Institute of Aerodynamics and Gasdynamics University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 21D-70569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Aerospace Thermodynamics University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 31D-70569 StuttgartGermany

In this paper,a new sharp-interface approach to simulate compressible multiphase flows is *** new scheme consists of a high order WENO finite volume scheme for solving the Euler equations coupled with a high order pathconservative discontinuous Galerkin finite element scheme to evolve an indicator function that tracks the material *** the interface our method applies ghost cells to compute the numerical flux,as the ghost fluid ***,unlike the original ghost fluid scheme of Fedkiw et al.[15],the state of the ghost fluid is derived from an approximate-state Riemann solver,similar to the approach proposed in[25],but based on a much simpler *** formulation leads only to one single scalar nonlinear algebraic equation that has to be solved at the interface,instead of the system used in[25].Away from the interface,we use the new general Osher-type flux recently proposed by Dumbser and Toro[13],which is a simple but complete Riemann solver,applicable to general hyperbolic conservation *** time integration is performed using a fully-discrete one-step scheme,based on the approaches recently proposed in[5,7].This allows us to evolve the system also with time-accurate local time *** to the sub-cell resolution and the subsequent more restrictive time-step constraint of the DG scheme,a local evolution for the indicator function is applied,which is matched with the finite volume scheme for the solution of the Euler equations that runs with a larger time *** use of a locally optimal time step avoids the introduction of excessive numerical diffusion in the finite volume *** different fluids have been used,namely an ideal gas and a weakly compressible fluid modeled by the Tait *** tests have been computed to assess the accuracy and the performance of the new high order scheme.A verification of our algorithm has been carefully carried out using exact solutions as well as a comparison with other numerical re

关键词： Sharp interface capturing compressible multiphase flows one-step time-integration time-accurate local time stepping modified ghost fluid method WENO schemes discontinuous Galerkin methods