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Performance of broiler chickens offered nutritionally-equivalent diets based on two red grain sorghums with quantified kafirin concentrations as intact pellets or re-ground mash following steam-pelleting at65 or 97℃ conditioning temperatures

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第3期1卷 220-228页

作者： Ha H.Truong Karlie A.Neilson bernard v.mcinerney Ali Khoddami Thomas H.Roberts Sonia Yun Liu Peter H.Selle Poultry Research Foundation within the Faculty of veterinary Science The University of Sydney Australian Poultry CRC University of New England Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie University Department of Plant and Food Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Environment The University of Sydney

The Liverpool Plains is a fertile agricultural region in New South Wales, Australia. Two sorghums from the2009 Liverpool Plains harvest, sorghums #3 and #5, were extensively characterised which included concentrations of kafirin and phenolic compounds plus rapid visco-analysis(RvA) starch pasting profiles. Diets based on these two sorghums were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic and were offered to male Ross 308 broiler chicks from 7 to 28 days post–hatch as either intact pellets or reground mash following steam-pelleting at conditioning temperatures of either 65 or 97°C. Thus the feeding study consisted of a 2×2×2 factorial array of dietary treatments: two sorghum varieties, two feed forms and two conditioning temperatures. Each of the eight treatments was replicated six times with six birds per replicate *** parameters included growth performance, nutrient utilisation, apparent starch and protein(N) digestibility coefficients and disappearance rates from the distal jejunum and distal ileum. Intact pellets supported higher(P vely, than reground mash diets. Feed conversion ratios of broilers offered diets steam-conditioned at 97°C were 2.46% inferior(P versus 1,223 g/bird), FCR by 4.81%(1.524 versus 1.601), AME by 1.06 MJ(13.61 versus 12.55 MJ/kg), ME:GE ratio(ME:GE) by 4.81%(0.806 versus0.769) and AMEn by 1.03 MJ(12.38 versus 11.35 MJ/kg). The inferiority of sorghum #5 appeared to be associated with higher concentrations of kafirin(61.5 versus 50.7 g/kg) and conjugated phenolic acids,including ferulic acid(31.1 versus 25.6 mg/g). There were no significant differences in jejunal and ileal starch and protein(N) d

关键词： Broiler chickens Ferulic acid Kafirin Protein Sorghum Starch

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Capping dietary starch:protein ratios in moderately reduced crude protein,wheat-based diets showed promise but further reductions generated inferior growth performance in broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第2期6卷 168-178页

作者： Shiva Greenhalgh bernard v.mcinerney Leon R.McQuade Peter v.Chrystal Ali Khoddami Molly A.M.Zhuang Sonia Y.Liu Peter H.Selle Poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamdenNSWAustralia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia Baiada Poultry Pty Limited Pendle HillNSWAustralia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia

The hypothesis that capping dietary starch:protein ratios would enhance the performance of broiler chickens offered reduced-crude protein(CP)diets was tested in this experiment.A total of 432 off-sex,male Ross 308 chicks were allocated to 7 dietary treatments from 7 to 35 d *** experimental design consisted of a 3×2 factorial array of treatments with the seventh treatment serving as a positive *** levels of dietary CP(197.5,180.0 and 162.5 g/kg)with either uncapped or capped dietary starch:protein ratios constituted the factorial array of treatments,whilst the positive control diet contained 215.0 g/kg *** positive control diet had an analysed dietary starch:protein ratio of 1.50 as opposed to a ratio of 1.68 in the uncapped 197.5 g/kg CP diet and 1.41 in the corresponding capped diet and the capped 197.5 g/kg CP diet displayed *** growth performance this diet matched the positive control but outperformed the uncapped 197.5 g/kg CP diet by 10.4%(2,161 vs.1,958 g/bird;P=0.009)in weight gain,by 3.10%(3,492 vs.3,387 g/bird;P=0.019)in feed intake on the basis of pairwise comparisons and numerically improved FCR by 4.04%(1.616 vs.12684).However,the growth performance of birds offered the 180.0 and 162.5 g/kg CP dietary treatments was remarkably inferior,irrespective of dietary starch:protein *** inferior growth performance was associated with poor feathering and even feather-pecking and significant linear relationships between feather scores and parameters of growth performance were *** amino acid profile of feathers was determined where cysteine,glutamic acid,glycine,proline and serine were dominant in a crude protein content of 931 g/***,the feathering issues observed were manifestations of amino acid inadequacies or imbalances in the more reduced-CP diets and consideration is given to the implications of these outcomes.

关键词： Amino acid Broiler chicken Crude protein Feathering Starch:protein ratio Wheat

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Implications of excreta uric acid concentrations in broilers offered reduced crude protein diets and dietary glycine requirements for uric acid synthesis

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 939-946页

作者： Peter H.Selle David I.Cantor Leon R.McQuade bernard v.mcinerney Juliano Cesar de Paula Dorigam Shemil P.Macelline Peter v.Chrystal Sonia Y.Liu Poultry Research Foundation within The University of Sydney CamdenNSW 2570Australia Sydney School of veterinary Science The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia Evonik Nutrition and Care GmbH Hanau-Wolfgang 63547Germany School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Baiada Poultry Pty Limited Pendle HillNSW 2145Australia

In a previous experiment,male Ross 308 broiler chickens were offered dietary treatments with 3 levels of crude protein(222,193,165 g/kg)and 3 feed grains(ground maize,ground wheat,whole wheat)from 7 to 35 d ***-based diets supported superior growth performance in comparison to wheatbased *** acid concentrations in excreta were retrospectively determined and related to total nitrogen(N)excreta *** acid concentrations ranged from 28.5 to 69.4 mg/g and proportions of uric acid-N to total excreta-N ranged from 27.4%to 42.6%in broiler chickens offered the 3×3 factorial array of dietary *** of uric acid-N to total N in excreta in birds offered the165 g/kg CP,maize-based diet were significantly lower by 10.6 percentage units(27.4%versus 38.0%;P=0.00057)than their wheat-based *** excreta analysed had been collected from 35 to37 d post-hatch when feed intakes and excreta outputs were *** were linear relationships between proportions of uric acid-N to total N in excreta in birds offered the three 165 g/kg CP diets with weight gain(r=-0.587;P=0.010),feed intake(r=-0.526;P=0.025)and feed conversion ratios(r=0.635;P=0.005).The possibility that increasing uric acid-N proportions in excreta is indicative of excessive ammonia accumulations compromising growth performance is *** mean proportion of dietary glycine involved in uric acid excretion was 49.2%across all dietary treatments but ranged from 25.0%to 80.9%.Thus,the appropriate amount of dietary glycine is variable and largely dependent on the volume of uric acid synthesised and excreted.

关键词： Ammonia Broiler chicken Glycine Reduced crude protein diet Uric acid

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Assessment of limiting dietary amino acids in broiler chickens offered reduced crude protein diets

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 1-11页

作者： Craig W.Maynard Michael T.Kidd Peter v.Chrystal Leon R.McQuade Bernie v.mcinerney Peter H.Selle Sonia Y.Liu Center of Excellence for Poultry Science University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701United States Poultry Research Foundation Faculty of ScienceThe University of Sydney425 Werombi RoadCamdenNSW2570Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW2109Australia Sydney School of veterinary Science Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia

As lowering crude protein(CP)in poultry diets continues to minimize amino acid excess,it is important to understand the limiting order of amino acids and the impact of their ***,a pair of experiments were conducted to observe the effects of individual amino acid deletions on growth performance,carcass traits,and nutrient *** experiments involved 3 control diets based on wheat and soybean meal,including a 210.0 g/kg CP industry control(IC),186.7 g/kg CP positive control(PC)supplemented with feed-grade amino acids to match the IC amino acid profile,186.7 g/kg CP negative control(NC)with reducing N corrected apparent metabolizable energy(AMEN)by 0.5 MJ/kg and removing feed-grade amino acids beyond L-Lys-HCl,DL-Met,and L-Thr from *** deletion diets where the following supplemented amino acids were individually removed from the PC:val,Ile,Leu,Trp,Arg,His,Phe t Tyr,glycine equivalence(Glyequi),Pro,and Energy(0.5 MJ/kg reduction in AMEN of the PC).All diets were formulated to contain similar concentrations of digestible Lys,total sulfur amino acid(TSAA)and *** diets were offered to broiler chickens from 15 to 22 d postehatch in a cage study(Exp.1)to gain digestibility and nutrient utilization data;whereas they were offered from 15 to 35 d post ehatch in a floor-pen study(Exp.2)to gain performance and carcass yield *** removal of supplemented val,Arg,and Ile resulted in reduction on broiler performance(Pval of val,Arg,Ile,and Glyequi negatively influenced carcass traits(Pval and Arg are co-limiting in wheat-soybean meal diets,but that Ile and Glyequi may potentially limit breast and thigh development.

关键词： Amino acid Broiler chicken Crude protein Low protein diet

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Correlation-induced magnetism in substrate-supported 2D metal-organic frameworks

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2170-2179页

作者： bernard Field Agustin Schiffrin Nikhil v.Medhekar School of Physics and Astronomy Monash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies Monash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia

Two-dimensional(2D)metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with a kagome lattice can exhibit strong electron-electron interactions,which can lead to tunable quantum phases including many exotic magnetic *** technological developments of 2D MOFs typically take advantage of substrates for growth,support,and electrical contacts,investigations often ignore substrates and their dramatic influence on electronic ***,we show how substrates alter the correlated magnetic phases in kagome MOFs using systematic density functional theory and mean-field Hubbard *** demonstrate that MOF-substrate coupling,MOF-substrate charge transfer,strain,and external electric fields are key variables,activating and deactivating magnetic phases in these *** we consider the example of kagome-arranged 9,10-dicyanoanthracene molecules coordinated with copper atoms,our findings should generalise to any 2D kagome *** work offers useful predictions for tunable interaction-induced magnetism in surface-supported 2D(metal-)organic materials,opening the door to solid-state electronic and spintronic technologies based on such systems.

关键词： properties materials material

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A tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer for formaldehyde atmospheric measurements validated by simulation chamber instrumentation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第1期24卷 22-33页

作者： v.Catoire F.bernard Y.Mbarki A.Mellouki G.Eyglunent v.Daёle C.Robert Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E) CNRS-Universit d'Orlans (UMR 6115)Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en rgion Centre (OSUC)3A Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique45071 Orlans Cedex 2France Institut de Combustion ArothermiqueRactivit et Environnement (ICARE)CNRS (UPR 3021)Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en rgion Centre (OSUC)1C Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique45071 Orlans Cedex 2France

A tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer （TDLAS） for formaldehyde atmospheric measurements has been set up and validated through comparison experiments with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer （FT-IR） in a simulation *** was generated in situ in the chamber from reaction of ethene with *** HCHO ro-vibrational line intensities （at 2909.71,2912.09 and 2914.46 cm-1） possibly used by TDLAS were calibrated by FT-IR spectra simultaneously recorded in the 1600–3200 cm-1 domain during ethene ozonolysis,enabling the on-line deduction of the varying concentration for HCHO in *** experimental line intensities values inferred confirmed the calculated ones from the updated HITRAN *** addition,the feasibility of stratospheric in situ HCHO measurements using the 2912.09 cm-1 line was *** TDLAS performances were also assessed,leading to a 2σ detection limit of 88 ppt in volume mixing ratio with a response time of 60 sec at 30 Torr and 294 K for 112 m optical *** part of this work,the room-temperature rate constant of this reaction and the HCHO formation yield were found to be in excellent agreement with the compiled literature data.

关键词： formaldehyde ethene ozonolysis in situ measurements stratosphere simulation chamber TDLAS FT-IR

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Short-Term Effect of Nitrogen Intensification on Aggregate Size Distribution, Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities in a Semi-Arid Soil Under Different Crop Types

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Pedosphere 2019年第4期29卷 483-491页

作者： Rajasekaran MURUGAN v. R. Ramakrishna PARAMA Beate MADAN R. MUTHURAJU bernard LUDWIG Department of Environmental Chemistry University of Kassel Nordbahnhof str. la Witzenhausen 37213 (Germany) Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK) Bangalore 560065 (India) Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics University of Kassel Stein str. 19 Witzenhausen 37213 (Germany) Department of Agricultural Microbiology University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK) Bangalore 560065 (India)

There is a lack of quantitative assessments available on the effect of agricultural intensification on soil aggregate distribution and microbial properties. Here, we investigated how short-term nitrogen(N) intensification induced changes in aggregate size distribution and microbial properties in a soil of a hot moist semi-arid region(Bangalore, India). We hypothesised that N intensification would increase the accumulation of macroaggregates > 2 mm and soil microbial biomass and activity, and that the specific crop plant sowed would influence the level of this increase. In November 2016, surface(0–10 cm) and subsurface(10–20 cm) soil samples were taken from three N fertilisation treatments, low N(50 kg N ha-1), medium N(75 and 100 kg N ha-1 for finger millet and maize, respectively),and high N(100 and 150 kg N ha-1 for finger millet and maize, respectively). Distribution of water-stable aggregate concentrations,carbon(C) and N dynamics within aggregate size class, and soil microbial biomass and activity were evaluated. The high-N treatment significantly increased the concentration of large macroaggregates in the subsurface soil of the maize crop treatment, presumably due to an increased C input from root growth. Different N fertilisation levels did not significantly affect C and N concentrations in different aggregate size classes or the bulk soil. High-N applications significantly increased dehydrogenase activity in both the surface soil and the subsurface soil and urease activity in the surface soil, likely because of increased accumulation of enzymes stabilised by soil colloids in dry soils. Dehydrogenase activity was significantly affected by the type of crop, but urease activity not. Overall, our results showed that high N application rates alter large macroaggregates and enzyme activities in surface and subsurface soils through an increased aboveground and corresponding belowground biomass input in the maize crop.

关键词： agricultural intensification biomass input C and N dynamics large macroaggregate microaggregate N application small macroaggregate water-stable aggregates

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Combination of Tsoft and ET34-ANA-v80 software for the preprocessing and analysis of tide gauge data in French Polynesia

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2023年第1期14卷 26-34页

作者： bernard Ducarme Jean-Pierre Barriot Fangzhao Zhang Catholic University of Louvain Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research(ELI)1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Geodesy Observatory of Tahiti University of French Polynesia(UPF)PunaauiaFrench Polynesia College of Geodesy and Geomatics Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

Since 2008 a network of five sea-level monitoring stations was progressively installed in French *** stations are autonomous and data,collected at a sampling rate of 1 or 2 min,are not only recorded locally,but also transferred in real time by a radio-link to the NOAA through the GOES *** new ET34-ANA-v80 version of ETERNA,initially developed for Earth Tides analysis,is now able to analyze ocean tides *** a two-step validation scheme,we took advantage of the flexibility of this new version,operated in conjunction with the preprocessing facilities of the Tsoft software,to recover co rrected data series able to model sea-level variations after elimination of the ocean tides *** performed the tidal analysis of the tide gauge data with the highest possible selectivity(optimal wave grouping)and a maximum of additional terms(shallow water constituents).Our goal was to provide corrected data series and modelled ocean tides signal to compute tide-free sea-level variations as well as tidal prediction models with centimeter *** also present in this study the characteristics of the ocean tides in French Polynesia and preliminary results concerning the non-tidal variations of the sea level concerning the tide gauge setting.

关键词： Tide gauges Tidal data processing Mean sea level

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Graded methionine dietary inclusions influence growth performance and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility coefficients and disappearance rates in broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第1期8卷 160-168页

作者： Shemil P.Macelline Peter v.Chrystal Leon R.McQuade bernard v.Mclnerney Yangsu Kim Yumin Bao Peter H.Selle Sonia Y.Liu Poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamdenNSW2570Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia Baiada Poultry Ltd Pendle HillNSW2145Australia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW2109Australia CJ Bio 330Dongho-roJung-guSeoul100-400Republic of Korea Redox Pty Ltd MintoNSW2566Australia Sydney School of veterinary Science The University of SydneyCamdenNSW2570Australia

Graded quantities of 1.38,2.76 and 4.14 g/kg L-methionine were included in a control diet formulated to contain 3.07 g/kg digestible *** of the 4 dietary treatments was offered to 6 replicate cages(initially 8 birds per cage)from 1 to 21 d *** parameters assessed included growth performance,nutrient utilisation(apparent metabolisable energy[AME],AME:GE ratios,N retention,Ncorrected apparent metabolisable energy[AMEn]),apparent digestibility coefficients and disappearance rates of amino acids in the distal *** also included free amino concentrations in systemic plasma(brachial vein)at 20 d postehatch and in hepatic tissue at 14 and 21 d *** L-methionine inclusions quadratically influenced weight gain(r=0.688;P=0.001)and FCR(r=0.780;Pvels of 3.07 g/kg digestible methionine and 13.0 g/kg digestible ***,an inclusion of 3.465 g/kg L-methionine corresponded to a total of 6.535 g/kg methionine or a methionine-to-lysine ratio of 50.3,which is higher than standard *** implications of this and other outcomes of the present study are reported and discussed.

关键词： Amino acid Broiler chicken Methionine

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A taxonomic synopsis of the genus Campeiostachys Drobov

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第2期49卷 146-159页

作者： bernard R. BAUM Chi YEN Alex v. AGAFONOv Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Central Siberian Botanical Garden

We have classified 11 species recently recognized as belonging to the genus Elymus into a resurrected and legitimate genus Campeiostachys Drobov according to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. Our action is based on the rationale of monophyly, discrimination, and practicality discussed in detail. Currently Elymus contains a vast number of species with different genomes which often, but not always, can be differentiated by cytological and molecular features, but are difficult to separate by traditional morphology, although an effort to do so is detailed and discussed. This difficulty can be attributed to the dominance effect of a particular genome on the other genome(s) present. Campeiostachys, with genome constitution StStHHYY, is a recent addition to a number of genera recently segregated out of Elymus, i.e. Douglasdeweya (StStPP), Kengyilia (StStPPYY), and Roegneria (StStYY, StStStStYY). A key to Campeiostachys taxa is provided, along with taxa descriptions, distribution, nomenclature, and cytology. Nineteen nomenclatural novelties, or combinations, resulted from this work, 10 species names, and nine varietal names.

关键词： Elymus genome key to species morphology.

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