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Hydrogen cyanide production by soil bacteria: Biological control of pests and promotion of plant growth in sustainable agriculture

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Pedosphere 2022年第1期32卷 15-38页

作者： Anju SEHrAWAT Satyavir S.SINDHU bernard r.glick Department of Microbiology CCS Haryana Agricultural UniversityHisar 125004India 2Department of BiologyUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo ON N2L 3G1Canada

Currently, plant diseases and insect infestations are mainly controlled by the extraneous application of pesticides. Unfortunately, the indiscriminate use of such agrochemicals can cause ecological and environmental problems, as well as human health hazards. To obviate the potential pollution arising from the application of agrochemicals, biological control of soilborne pathogens or insect pests using antagonistic microorganisms may be employed. Certain soil bacteria, algae, fungi, plants and insects possess the unique ability to produce hydrogen cyanide(HCN), which plays an important role in the biotic interactions of those organisms. In particular, cyanogenic bacteria have been found to inhibit the growth of various pathogenic fungi, weeds, insects, termites and nematodes. Thus, the use of HCN-producing bacteria as biopesticides offers an ecofriendly approach for sustainable agriculture. The enzyme, HCN synthase,involved in the synthesis of HCN, is encoded by the hcnABC gene cluster. The biosynthetic regulation of HCN, antibiotics and fluorescent insecticidal toxins through the conserved global regulatory GacS/GacA system is elaborated in this review, including approaches that may optimize cyanogenesis for enhanced pest control. In addition, the effects of bacterially synthesized HCN on the production of indole acetic acid, antibiotics and fluorescent insecticidal toxins, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase utilization and phosphate solubilization may result in the stimulation of plant growth. A more detailed understanding of HCN biosynthesis and regulation may help to elaborate the precise role of this compound in biotic interactions and sustainable agriculture.

关键词： biocontrol agent biopesticide cyanogenesis fluorescent insecticidal toxin pathogen

Drought-Tolerant Pseudomonas spp. Improve the Growth Performance of Finger Millet(Eleusine coracana(L.) Gaertn.)Under Non-Stressed and Drought-Stressed Conditions

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Pedosphere 2018年第2期28卷 227-240页

作者： Dinesh CHANDrA rashmi SrIVASTAVA bernard r.glick Anil K.SHArMA Department of Biological Science College of Basic Sciences and Humanities Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Department of Biology University of Waterloo

Application of plant growth-promoting bacteria(PGPB)is an environmentally sustainable option to reduce the effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on plant growth and *** 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid(ACC)deaminase-producing drought-tolerant bacteria were isolated from a rain-fed agriculture field in the Central Himalaya of Kumaun region,Uttarakhand,India and evaluated for their efficiency in improving finger millet(Eleusine coracana(L.)Gaertn.)plant growth under non-stressed and drought-stressed *** bacteria withstood a substrate metric potential of -1.0 MPa(30% polyethylene glycol 8000)and therefore were considered *** strains were identified as Pseudomonas *** fatty acid methyl ester analysis and 16S rrNA gene *** ACC deaminase activity of these strains was characterized at the biochemical level,and the presence of acd S gene,the structural gene for ACC deaminase,was confirmed by the polymerase chain *** sets of pot trials in glass house were set up,one for normal(non-stressed)and the other for drought-stressed *** 5 weeks,one set of plants was subjected to drought stress for 5 d,while the other set continued to be *** same growth parameters were recorded for both sets of plants after 40 d of plant *** results of pot trials showed that treatments inoculated with ACC deaminase-producing bacterial strains significantly improved the growth performance of finger millet plants and foliar nutrient content as compared to uninoculated treatments under both non-stressed and drought-stressed *** addition,a significant increase in antioxidant activity was observed,wherein bacterial stain inoculation improved plant fitness by protecting it from oxidative damage induced by drought.

关键词： antioxidant enzymes fatty acid methyl ester analysis plant growth-promoting bacteria polyethylene glycol polymerasechain reaction

Soil Microbes and Sustainable Agriculture

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Pedosphere 2018年第2期28卷 167-169页

作者： bernard r. glick University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2l 3G1 (Canada)

It has been estimated that a typical gram of soilcontains around 90 100 million bacteria and about200 000 fungi, with the majority of these organismsbeing located around the roots of plants. This locali-zation reflects the fact that plant roots typically exudea large fraction of the carbon that they fix by photo-synthesis, and soil microbes utilize this exuded carbonas a food source.

关键词： Soil Microbes Sustainable Agriculture plant roots food source

Therapeutic smart-footwear approach for management of neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers:Current challenges and focus for future perspective

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Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices 2024年第3期23卷 1-13页

作者： Stanley I.r.Okoduwa bernard E.Igiri Jerry I.Tagang Ugochi J.Okoduwa Abraham O.Adeyi Directorate of research and Development Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science TechnologyZariaNigeria Department of Biochemistry School of Basic Medical SciencesBabcock UniversityIlishan-RemoNigeria Department of Footwear Technology Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science TechnologyZariaNigeria Industrial and Environmental Pollution Department National Research Institute for Chemical TechnologyZariaNigeria

Diabetic foot ulcers(DFU)have been connected to rising global mortality *** increased plantar tissue stress beneath the numb foot of neuropathy patients is associated with *** article summarises essential therapeutic footwear concepts for the treatment of DFUs and shows how new sensor technologies have made this *** with neuropathic DFUs can address their foot problems with therapeutic footwear without being constrained in their daily *** intervention in maintaining DFUs must be discrete,power-efficient,accurate,and user-friendly in order to offer a trustworthy and acceptable way for effective health *** device can be inserted into a person's shoes from the plantar aspect of the foot to gather more information about their *** findings showed that weight-bearing activities and sensor offloading devices can be employed as effective offloading therapies to heal *** article examines the therapeutic footwear-based technological sensor system,which keeps track of many elements that are helpful in tracking foot ulcers,available treatments,and potential research areas in the future.

关键词： Diabetic foot ulcer Therapeutic footwear Sensors Neuropathy Plantar pressure

Bacterial plant pathogens affect the locomotor behavior of the insect vector:a case study of Citrus volkameriana-Triozae erytreae-Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus system

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 901-910页

作者： Arnaud Ameline Alain Karkach Thomas Denoirjean Martial Grondin Florencia Molinari Patrick Turpin Helene Delatte bernard reynaud UMr CNrS 7058 EDYSAN(Ecologie et Dynamique des Systemes Anthropises) Universite de Picardie Jules VerneAmiensCedexFrance UMr PVBMT(Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical) Universitéde la RéunionSaint PierreLa RéunionFrance

Plant pathogens can alter the behavior of their insect vectors as well as their survival and *** African psyllid,Trioza erytreae,is one of the vectors of Huanglongbing,a citrus disease caused mainly by"Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus"(CLas).The purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of CLas on the psyllid,*** using Citrus volkamerina plants as the study *** study focused more specifically on the CLas effects prior to and after its acquisition by the psyllid *** results did not support the hypothesis that CLas effects psyllid probing behavior prior to acquisition;few differences were observed between uninfected *** feeding on CLas-infected versus control *** the other hand,compared to psyllids that had completed their development on control plants,the ones that had completed their development on a CLas-infected plant exhibited changes in their behavior(greater velocity),physiology(smaller mass)and biochemistry(lower water and lipid content).Altogether,our results confirm the existence of a marked postacquisition effect on the vector locomotor behavior and a minor preacquisition effect of CLas on the vector behavior,which can be partially explained by physiological and biochemical changes.

关键词： electrical penetration graph Huanglongbing locomotory behavior lipid biomass probing behavior vector manipulation

Investigation of Groundwater Quality with Borehole Depth in the Basin Granitoids of the Ashanti region of Ghana

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Journal of Water resource and Protection 2024年第5期16卷 381-394页

作者： bernard Ofosu Augustine Kofi Asante Festus Anane Mensah Umar-Farouk Usman Naa Korkoi Ayeh Geotechnical and Materials Engineering Division CSIR-Building and Road Research Institute Kumasi Ghana

The dependence of groundwater quality on borehole depth is usually debatable in groundwater studies, especially in complex geological formations where aquifer characteristics vary spatially with depth. This study therefore seeks to investigate the relationship between borehole depth and groundwater quality across the granitoid aquifers within the Birimian Supergroup in the Ashanti region. Physicochemical analysis records of groundwater quality data were collected from 23 boreholes of public and private institutions in the Ashanti region of Ghana, and the parametric values of iron, fluoride, total hardness, pH, nitrate, and nitrite were used to study the groundwater quality-depth relationship. The results showed that the depth-to-groundwater quality indicated a marginal increase in water quality in the range of 30 to 50 m, which is mathematically represented by the low-value correlation coefficient (r2 = 0.026). A relatively significant increase occurs in the depth range of 50 to 80 m, which is given by a correlation coefficient of r2 = 0.298. The mean percent parameter compatibility was 74%, 82%, 89%, and 97% at 50, 60, 70, and 80 m depths, respectively. The variations in groundwater quality per depth ratio ranged from 1.48, 1.37, 1.27, and 1.21 for 50, 60, 70, and 80 m depth, respectively. The recommended minimum borehole depth for excellent groundwater quality is suggested with a compatibility per meter depth ratio of 1.37. This results in a range between 50 and 70 m as the most desirable drilling depth for excellent groundwater quality within the granitoids of the Birimian Supergroup of the Ashanti region in Ghana.

关键词： Groundwater Quality Borehole Depth Birimian Supergroup Granitoid Aquifers Ashanti region

Synopsis of Leymus Hochst.(Triticeae:Poaceae)

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2009年第1期47卷 67-86页

作者： bernard r.BAUM Eastern Cereals and Oilseeds research Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaCentral Experimental Farm

Leymus is a genus in the Triticeae tribe, Poaceae. The taxa of this genus are allopolyploid species which possess the Ns and Xm genomes. According to cytological, cytogenetic and molecular genetic analyses, some species of Hystrix and Elymus ought to be transferred to this genus. A world revision of the genus Leymus is needed. In this paper we summarize experimental results, provide a key to sections, species and varieties, and list all the taxa we recognize in Leymus with their synonyms. This synopsis is a new taxonomic system to be used for the revision of Leymus.

关键词： genome Leymus new taxonomic system section species varieties

非离子-阴离子Bola型表面活性剂和纳米SiO2颗粒协同稳定的双重响应型O/W乳状液

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日用化学工业（中英文） 2024年第1期54卷 1-15页

作者：刘佩潘婷裴晓梅宋冰蕾蒋建中崔正刚 bernard P.Binks 教育部合成与生物胶体重点实验室江南大学化学与材料工程学院江苏无锡214122 中国石化仪征化纤有限责任公司江苏仪征211900 Hull大学化学系英国Hull HU67RX

合成了一种非离子-阴离子Bola型智能表面活性剂,通过pH-响应可以在非离子型CH_(3)O(EO)_(5)-r_(11)-COOH(pHpKa)之间转换。单独使用时,非离子型和Bola型分别表现为不良乳化剂和优良乳化剂。与纳米SiO_(2)颗粒复配使用时,非离子型能与SiO... 详细信息

合成了一种非离子-阴离子Bola型智能表面活性剂,通过pH-响应可以在非离子型CH_(3)O(EO)_(5)-r_(11)-COOH(pHpKa)之间转换。单独使用时,非离子型和Bola型分别表现为不良乳化剂和优良乳化剂。与纳米SiO_(2)颗粒复配使用时,非离子型能与SiO_(2)颗粒协同稳定O/W(正癸烷)型Pickering乳状液,其中表面活性剂通过氢键作用吸附到颗粒表面产生原位疏水化作用,提高了颗粒的表面活性,并且这种Pickering乳状液具有pH-和温度-双重响应性,能够通过改变pH或者温度使乳状液在稳定和破乳之间实现多次转换。另一方面,Bola型CH_(3)O(EO)5-r_(11)-COONa能够与纳米SiO_(2)颗粒协同稳定分散液包油(oil-in-dispersion)乳状液,该乳状液具有良好的耐温性,但对调节pH时产生的盐较为敏感。然而与破乳后能完全返回水相便于回收再利用的同系物CH_(3)O(EO)7-r_(11)-COOH相比,具有较短EO链的CH_(3)O(EO)_(5)-r_(11)-COOH无论处于非离子型还是Bola型状态仍具有相当的油溶性,破乳后不能完全返回水相,表明EO数大小对这类新型智能表面活性剂的性能有显著的影响。

关键词：非离子-阴离子Bola型表面活性剂纳米SiO2颗粒 Pickering乳状液 pH-响应温度-响应

A taxonomic synopsis of the genus Campeiostachys Drobov

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第2期49卷 146-159页

作者： bernard r. BAUM Chi YEN Alex V. AGAFONOV Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Triticeae research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Central Siberian Botanical Garden

We have classified 11 species recently recognized as belonging to the genus Elymus into a resurrected and legitimate genus Campeiostachys Drobov according to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. Our action is based on the rationale of monophyly, discrimination, and practicality discussed in detail. Currently Elymus contains a vast number of species with different genomes which often, but not always, can be differentiated by cytological and molecular features, but are difficult to separate by traditional morphology, although an effort to do so is detailed and discussed. This difficulty can be attributed to the dominance effect of a particular genome on the other genome(s) present. Campeiostachys, with genome constitution StStHHYY, is a recent addition to a number of genera recently segregated out of Elymus, i.e. Douglasdeweya (StStPP), Kengyilia (StStPPYY), and roegneria (StStYY, StStStStYY). A key to Campeiostachys taxa is provided, along with taxa descriptions, distribution, nomenclature, and cytology. Nineteen nomenclatural novelties, or combinations, resulted from this work, 10 species names, and nine varietal names.

关键词： Elymus genome key to species morphology.