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Predicting the outcome of closed-loop small bowel obstruction by preoperative characteristics

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2022年第6期14卷 556-566页

作者： masja K Toneman bente m de kok Frank m Zijta Stanley Oei Gijs J D van Acker marinke Westerterp Anne E m van der Pool department of Surgery Haaglanden Medical CentreThe Hague 2512 VANetherlands department of Radiology Haaglanden Medical CentreThe Hague 2512 VANetherlands

BACKGROUND Closed-loop small bowel obstruction(CL-SBO)can threaten the viability of the intestine by obstructing a bowel segment at two adjacent *** recognition and surgery are *** To analyze the outcomes of patients who underwent surgery for CL-SBO and to evaluate clinical *** Patients who underwent surgery for suspected CL-BSO on computed tomography(CT)at a single center between 2013 and 2019 were evaluated *** were divided into three groups by perioperative outcome,including viable bowel,reversible ischemia,and irreversible *** and laboratorial variables at presentation were compared and postoperative outcomes were *** Of 148 patients with CL-SBO,28(19%)had a perioperative viable small bowel,86(58%)had reversible ischemia,and 34(23%)had irreversible *** with a higher age had higher risk for perioperative irreversible ischemia[odds ratio(OR):1.03,95%confidence interval(CI):0.99-1.06].Patients with American Society of Anaesthesiologists(ASA)classification≥3 had higher risk of perioperative irreversible ischemia compared to lower ASA classifications(OR:3.76,95%CI:1.31-10.81).Eighty-six patients(58%)did not have elevated C-reactive protein(>10 mg/L),and between-group differences were *** in-hospital stay was significantly longer for patients with irreversible ischemia(median 8 d,P=0.001)than for those with reversible ischemia(median 6 d)or a viable bowel(median 5 d).Postoperative morbidity was significantly higher in patients with perioperative irreversible ischemia(45%,P=0.043)compared with reversible ischemia(20%)and viable bowel(4%).CONCLUSION Older patients or those with higher ASA classification had an increased risk of irreversible ischemia in case of *** irreversible ischemia,postoperative morbidity was increased.

关键词： General surgery Laparoscopy Laparotomy Critical care Intestinal obstruction morbidity

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material characterization and inter/intra-particle validation for dem simulation of urea coating process

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 32-48页

作者： Salma A.Nouh KuZilati KuShaari Lau kok Keong Shafirah Samsuri Chemical Engineering department Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610 Seri IskandarPerak Darul RidzuanMalaysia

Particle coating is a common operation in the controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) industry,where a coating layer is appliedto the urea cores.A discrete element method (dem) computer simulation was applied to model the coating process for the urea granules using measured model *** accuracy of dem input parameters for the coating material properties and the physical and mechanical characterizations of urea granules are crucial to the study of particle coating ***,to enhance the simulation accuracy,information on the material properties (urea granules) is *** this study,the elasticity parameters,shear modulus ,coefficient of restitution (CoR),and coefficient of rolling and static friction (CoRF) and (CoSF) of urea granules are estimated experimentally in addition to the physical *** sensitivity of the angle of repose of the urea bed was investigated at different coefficients of *** to the obtained experimental value of the angle of repose,values of 0.2 and 0.3 for CoRF and CoSF,respectively,were adjusted to obtain consistent urea granules’ motion for simulation and the ***,the spray droplet sizes and velocity distributions were estimated using the video-imaging process *** on this experimental characterization,elasticity parameters and spray properties were integrated into dem simulation software as input data to perform numerical analysis of the coating process to compare simulation and experimental results,which show uniformity at three different pan speeds with a maximum deviation of 0.033 at 5 ***,consistency between dem and experiment results was achieved in terms of average coating thickness (μm) of the selected samples and average intra-particle thickness variation ( CoV intra ).These results revealed that the coating film thickness is proportional to the rotation speed for the experiment and *** enhance the inter-particle coating uniformity,the effects of the

关键词： Contact model Discrete element method Urea fertilizer Coating process

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Identification of thermal front dynamics in the northern malacca Strait using ROmS 3D-model

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 41-57页

作者： Ku Nor Afiza Asnida Ku mANSOR Nur Hidayah ROSELI Poh Heng kok Fariz Syafiq mohamad ALI mohd Fadzil mohd AKHIR Institute of Oceanography and Environment Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala Nerus 21030Malaysia Faculty of Science and marine Environment Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala Nerus 21030Malaysia

The thermal front in the oceanic system is believed to have a significant effect on biological *** an era of climate change,changes in heat regulation between the atmosphere and oceanic interior can alter the characteristics of this important *** the simulation results of the 3D Regional Ocean modelling System(ROmS),we identified the location of thermal fronts and determined their dynamic variability in the area between the southern Andaman Sea and northern malacca *** Single Image Edge detection(SIED)algorithm was used to detect the thermal front from model-derived *** show that a thermal front occurred every year from 2002 to 2012 with the temperature gradient at the location of the front was 0.3°C/*** to the years affected by El Ni?o and negative Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD),the normal years(e.g.,may 2003)show the presence of the thermal front at every selected depth(10,25,50,and 75 m),whereas El Ni?o and negative IOD during 2010 show the presence of the thermal front only at depth of 75 m due to greater warming,leading to the thermocline deepening and enhanced *** may 2003,the thermal front was separated by cooler SST in the southern Andaman Sea and warmer SST in the northern malacca *** higher SST in the northern malacca Strait was believed due to the besieged malacca Strait,which trapped the heat and make it difficult to release while higher chlorophyll a in malacca Strait is due to the freshwater conduit from nearby rivers(Klang,Langat,Perak,and Selangor).Furthermore,compared to the southern Andaman Sea,the chlorophyll a in the northern malacca Strait is easier to reach the surface area due to the shallower thermocline,which allows nutrients in the area to reach the surface faster.

关键词： regional ocean modelling system thermal front Andaman Sea malacca Strait single image edge detection algorithm

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Prenatal multiple micronutrient-fortified balanced energy-protein supplementation and newborn telomere length and mitochondrial DNA content: a randomized controlled efficacy trial in rural Burkina Faso

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Giles T.Hanley-Cook Yuri Bastos-moreira Dries S.martens Trenton Dailey-Chwalibóg Laeticia Celine Toe Brenda de kok Lionel Ouédraogo Alemayehu Argaw kokeb Tesfamariam Patrick Kolsteren Lieven Huybregts Tim S.Nawrot Sarah de Saeger marthe de Boevre Carl Lachat department of Food Technology， Safety and Health， Faculty of Bioscience Engineering， Ghent University Center of Excellence in mycotoxicology and Public Health， mYTOXSOUTH~(?) Coordination Unit， Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences， Ghent University Centre for Environmental Sciences， Hasselt University Unité Nutrition et maladies métaboliques， Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS) Centre muraz Center of Excellence in mycotoxicology and Public Health， mYTOXSOUTH? Coordination Unit， Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences， Ghent University Nutrition， Diets， and Health Unit， department of Food and Nutrition Policy， International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) department of Public Health & Primary Care， University of Leuven department of Biotechnology and Food Technology， Faculty of Science， University of Johannesburg， Doornfontein Campus

Background: Evidence regarding the effectiveness of prenatal nutritional supplements has mainly considered anthropometric pregnancy outcomes. The effect on markers of health and disease， such as offspring telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA content (mtDNAc) is unknown. Objectives: We assessed the efficacy of maternal multiple micronutrient (mmN)-fortified balanced-energy protein (BEP) and iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation on newborn TL as a secondary outcome and mtDNAc as a non-declared outcome. design: We conducted a randomized controlled trial in rural Burkina Faso， among pregnant females (15-40 years old) enrolled at mothers received either mmN-fortified BEP and IFA (intervention) or IFA only (control) throughout pregnancy. Whole arterial blood samples were collected from the umbilical cord of 104 control and 90 intervention group infants， respectively. Average relative TL and mtDNAc were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Linear regression models were fitted to assess TL and mtDNAc differences across trial arms. Results: We found that a combined daily mmN-fortified BEP supplement and IFA tablet did not affect newborn TL [β = -0.010 (95% CI: -0.057， 0.036); P = 0.662] or mtDNAc [β = 0.065 (95% CI: -0.203， 0.073); P = 0.354]， as compared to an IFA tablet alone. These findings were confirmed (P > 0.05) by adjusting the regression models for potential prognostic factors of study outcomes at enrollment. Exploratory analyses indicated higher， but non-significantly different mtDNAc among children born either small-for-gestational age， low birthweight， or preterm. Conclusions: Newborns from mothers who received daily nutritional supplements across gestation did not have different relative TL or mtDNAc.

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Towards Cr（VI）-free anodization of aluminum alloys for aerospace adhesive bonding applications： A review

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 465-482页

作者： Shoshan T. Abrahami John m.m. de kok Herman Terryn Johannes m.C. mol materials innovation institute (m2i) 2628 XG Delft The Netherlands delft University of Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering 2628 CD Delft The Netherlands Fokker Aerostructures BV 3351 LB Papendrecht The Netherlands department of materials and Chemistry Research Group Electrochemical and Surface Engineering (SURF) Vrije Universiteit Brussel 1050 Brussels Belgium

For more than six decades, chromic acid anodizing （CAA） has been the central process in the surface pre-treatment of aluminum for adhesively bonded aircraft structures. Unfortunately, this electrolyte contains hexavalent chromium （Cr（VI））, a compound known for its toxicity and carcinogenic properties. To comply with the new strict international regulations, the Cr（VI）-era will soon have to come to an end. Anodizing aluminum in acid electrolytes produces a self-ordered porous oxide layer. Although different acids can be used to create this type of structure, the excellent adhesion and corrosion resistance that is currently achieved by the complete Cr（VI）-based process is not easily matched. This paper provides a critical overview and appraisal of proposed alternatives to CAA, including combinations of multiple anodizing steps, pre- and post anodizing treatments. The work is presented in terms of the modifications to the oxide properties, such as morphological features （e.g., pore size, barrier layer thickness） and surface chemistry, in order to evaluate the link between fundamental principles of adhesion and bond performance.

关键词： aluminum Cr(VI)-free surface pre-treat- merits anodizing adhesive bonding

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Advances in surgical management for locally recurrent rectal cancer: How far have we come?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第23期23卷 4170-4180页

作者： Daniel Jin-Keat Lee Peter m Sagar Gaitri Sadadcharam kok-Yang Tan department of Surgery Khoo Teck Puat Hospital John Goligher Colorectal Surgery Unit St James’s University Hospital

Locally recurrent rectal cancer(LRRC) is a complex disease with far-reaching implications for the patient. Until recently, research was limited regarding surgical techniques that can increase the ability to perform an en bloc resection with negative margins. This has changed in recent years and therefore outcomes for these patients have improved. Novel radical techniques and adjuncts allow for more radical resections thereby improving the chance of negative resection margins and outcomes. In the past contraindications to surgery included anterior involvement of the pubic bone, sacral invasions above the level of S2/S3 and lateral pelvic wall involvement. However, current data suggests that previously unresectable cases may now be feasible with novel techniques, surgical approaches and reconstructive surgery. The publications to date have only reported small patient pools with the research conducted by highly specialised units. moreover, the short and long-term oncological outcomes are currently under review. Therefore although surgical options for LRRC have expanded significantly, one should balance the treatment choices available against the morbidity associated with the procedure and select the right patient for it.

关键词： Recurrent rectal cancer Sacrectomy Pelvic exenteration Pelvic sidewall Radical resection

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AI-Assisted approach for building energy and carbon footprint modeling

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第3期5卷 201-208页

作者： Chih-Yen Chen kok Keong Chai Ethan Lau School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of LondonUnited Kingdom

This paper proposes an energy and carbon footprint modelling using artificial intelligence technique to assess the impact of occupant density for various types of office *** use EnergyPlus to simulate energy con-sumption,and then estimate the related CO₂emissions based on three years(2016–2018)of Actual meteoro-logical Year(AmY)weather *** occupant densities were used to evaluate the annual energy consumption and CO₂*** this work,a robust deep learning technique of long short-term memory(LSTm)model was established to predict the time-series energy consumption and CO₂emissions.A power exponential curve was suggested to correlate the behaviour of annual energy and CO₂emission for occupant densities range from 10 to 100 m2/person for each office building *** results of LSTm model show high prediction performance and small variations within the three types of office building data,which can be applied to the similar building model to predict and optimise energy consumption and CO₂emission.

关键词： Building energy simulation and benchmarking Carbon footprint Occupant density Artificial intelligence Long short-term memory(LSTm) Smart city

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Digitalized mirror Array and Its Application in Large Telescope:Principle and Case Studies

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2009年第10期52卷 750-760页

作者： CHEN Ying-Tian ZHANG Yang HU Sen Ho Tso-Hsiu Boon Ham Lim Chen Sin Lim kok Keong Chong Boon kok Tan University of Science and Technology of China Department of Astronomy and Applied Physics Hefei 230026 China University of Science and Technology of China Department of Mathematics Hefei 230026 China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China University of Tunku Abdul Rahman Faculty of Engineering and Science Selangor Malaysia

In this article, we report the principle and conceptual design of a fundamentally different technology in fabricating high precision aberration free optical devices. The tip-tilt of facet in a mirror array is produced by digitally controlled line-tilts of rows and columns. It has not only provided a cost-effective designing methodology in optical physics but also led to a much finer precision of 1 mili arc sec or less. As examples of the application of the proposed digitalised optics, two case studies have been given： a 10 m Schmidt telescope （off-axis） and an 8 m Cassegrain telescope （on-axis）.

关键词： tip-tilting line-tilting Schmidt telescope aberration correction cassegrain telescope

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Biogreen Synthesis of Carbon Dots for Biotechnology and Nanomedicine Applications

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Nano-micro Letters 2018年第4期10卷 268-313页

作者： kok Ken Chan Stephanie Hui Kit Yap Ken-Tye Yong School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University

Over the past decade, carbon dots have ignited a burst of interest in many different fields, including nanomedicine, solar energy, optoelectronics, energy storage,and sensing applications, owing to their excellent photoluminescence properties and the easiness to modify their optical properties through doping and functionalization. In this review, the synthesis, structural and optical properties,as well as photoluminescence mechanisms of carbon dots are first reviewed and summarized. Then, we describe a series of designs for carbon dot-based sensors and the different sensing mechanisms associated with ***, we elaborate on recent research advances on carbon dot-based sensors for the selective and sensitive detection of a wide range of analytes, including heavy metals, cations, anions, biomolecules, biomarkers,nitroaromatic explosives, pollutants, vitamins, and ***, we provide a concluding perspective on the overall status, challenges, and future directions for the use of carbon dots in real-life sensing.

关键词： Carbon dots Heavy metal sensing Photoluminescence mechanism Sensing mechanism Sensor design

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Relationships Between Vertical Jump metrics and Sprint Performance,and Qualities that Distinguish Between Faster and Slower Sprinters

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第2期4卷 135-144页

作者： Jad Adrian Washif Lian-Yee kok High-Performance Branch Sports Performance DivisionNational Sports Institute of MalaysiaNational Sports ComplexBukit Jalil57000 Kuala LumpurMalaysia department of Sport Science Tunku Abdul Rahman University CollegeKuala LumpurMalaysia

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the relationships between vertical jump metrics and phases during a 60 m *** variances in strength qualities between sprinters of different ability levels were also *** Eighteen young male elite sprinters(age:18.1±1.3 years;stature:1.72±0.07 m;body mass:66.3±6.2 kg)were assessed for squat(SJ),countermovement(CmJ),drop(DJ),and standing long jumps,a maximal load back-squat,and a 60-m sprint from a *** relationships between sprint performances with all variables were analysed using correlation and multiple regression while discriminative parameters between fast(100 m time:~10.50 s)and slow(~11.00 s)sprint groups were assessed using independent *** Higher associations existed between vertical jumps and longer sprint distances,especially between SJ height and relative peak power with 10 m(r=−0.47 and−0.47,respectively),30 m(−0.71 and−0.74),60 m(−0.76 and−0.81),10-30 m(−0.80 and−0.86),and 30-60 m(−0.78 and−0.84)sprint ***,variables such as relative maximal-strength,relative SJ parameters(height,peak force,and peak power),relative CmJ peak power,and reactive strength index(DJ from 35 cm height)had significant discriminative ability and correlations(Pmaximal velocity and ***,a combination of SJ height and relative maximal-strength during back-squat accounted for 75%of the variance in 60 m sprint *** Relative measures of multiple strength metrics may provide better insight regarding factors that enhance sprint *** maximal-strength,high explosive power,and reactive strength seem necessary to improve sprint performance in young male elite sprinters.

关键词： Acceleration mechanical power maximum strength Neuromuscular abilities Reactive strength Track and field

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