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三维医学成象技术的评述

国外医学（生物医学工程分册） 1991年第3期14卷 141-143页

作者： herman G t 刘有信

可从许多不同观点互相比较三维医学成象方法学。本文从硬件对比软件,独立型对比扫描仪型、速度、交互作用、重建方法学、逼真度、容易使用、成本和定量能力等方面评述这种方法学。一、硬件对比软件三维成象是一个计算机过程,例如,可把... 详细信息

可从许多不同观点互相比较三维医学成象方法学。本文从硬件对比软件,独立型对比扫描仪型、速度、交互作用、重建方法学、逼真度、容易使用、成本和定量能力等方面评述这种方法学。一、硬件对比软件三维成象是一个计算机过程,例如,可把它结合到专门设计的硬件中,或可在通用计算机上由软件实现。硬件方法的最早实例是Goldwasser和Reynolds的工作,他们使用了专门设计的并行处理硬件,在显示屏幕上很迅速地产生三维数据集的重建(目标是至少每秒产生15帧,目前市场上可负到的这类设备没有超出这个数量级的最终目标)。

关键词：三维成象方法学

Analysis of the Spatio-temporal Dynamics of Land Use in the Bamboutos Mountains of the West Region of Cameroon

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Open Journal of Forestry 2022年第2期12卷 216-234页

作者： Guy herman tchoutezou Zanguim Abubakar Ali Shidiki Alphonse Loic tcheugoue tientcheu Martin Ngankam tchamba Department of Forestry Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Geography Faculty of Arts Letters and Humanities University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon

the current level of knowledge of the biophysical situation, human activity and governance in the Bamboutos Mountains does not shed enough light on the dynamics of the vegetation, the socio-economic aspects and ecological opportunities that are essential for a successful restoration initiative in this degraded landscape of the Bamboutos mountain ecosystems. the objective of the study was to map and analyze the dynamics of land use from Landsat images of 1980, 2000 and 2021. Supervised classification by maximum likelihood was applied and the dynamics were analyzed using area curves and calculations. the cartographic results were used to produce land use maps. the analysis of the land cover dynamics shows that the evolutionary trend of the vegetation formations is essentially regressive for agro-forests and dense forests at -21.20% and -3.62% respectively. the classes that showed a clear progression were bare soil (9.78%), crop land (8.03%), built-up areas (5.19%) and shrubby savannahs and grassland (1.84%). Agriculture, livestock grazing and demographic pressure are the main causes of land degradation and mutation of the landscape. the results of this study provide an understanding of the land-use history of this landscape, and a solid basis for planning a restoration initiative. they provide guidance on priority areas and types of restoration intervention from a social, economic and ecological perspective.

关键词： Bamboutos Mountains GIS Mapping Degradation Landscape Restoration

Recurrence-free survival as a putative surrogate for overall survival in phase Ⅲ trials of curative-intent treatment of colorectal liver metastases:Systematic review

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2017年第3期8卷 266-272页

作者： Raphael LC Araujo Paulo herman Rachel P Riechelmann Department of Upper Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Pancreato-Bliliary Sugery Barretos Cancer Hospital Department of Gastroenterology University of S?o Paulo Instituto do Cancer do Estado de S?o Paulo Universidade de S?o Paulo

AIM to verify whether recurrence-free survival(RFS) surrogates overall survival(OS) in phase Ⅲ trials for resectable colorectal liver metastases(CRLM).MEtHODS MEDLINE,EMBASE,and Scopus databases were *** studies were phase Ⅲ trials testing any type of systemic therapy(neoadjuvant,adjuvant or perioperative) added to surgery in patients with resectable CRLM.A linear regression model based on hazard ratios(HR) of OS and RFS was *** Of 3059 studies,5 phase Ⅲ trials(1162 patients) were included for analyses.A linear regression weighted by each trial was used to estimate the association between each HR and *** originated formula was:OS HR =(0.93 × RFS HR) + 0.14;with RFS 95%CI(0.48-1.38),with P = *** this association suggests that RFS could work as a putative surrogate endpoint of OS in this population,avoiding bigger,longer and more resource-consuming *** OS could be assumed based on RFS and our model could be useful to better estimate sample size calculations of phase Ⅲ trials of CRLM aiming for OS.

关键词： Colorectal liver metastases Surgery Chemotherapy Clinical trial Long-term outcomes Surrogate endpoints

Quantized structuring of transparent films with femtosecond laser interference

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 291-297页

作者： Kitty Kumar Kenneth KC Lee Jianzhao Li Jun Nogami Nazir P Kherani Peter R herman Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoCanada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoCanada

the confinement of laser interactions inside transparent materials assisted by tight optical focusing and short-pulsed nonlinear interactions has driven many high-resolution patterning and probing applications in science and *** thin transparent films,laser interactions confined to the film/substrate interface have underpinned blistering and ejection processes for nanofluidic channel fabrication,film patterning and cell ***,we harness femtosecond lasers to drive nonlinear interactions within Fabry–Perot interference fringes to define narrow nanolength scale zones for highly resolved internal structuring of a film of refractive index,nfilm,at fringe maxima separated by l/*** novel interaction internally cleaves the film to open subwavelength internal cavities and form thin membranes at single or multiple depths from which follow significant opportunities for writing multilevel nanofluidic channels inside the film,as well as ejecting nanodisks at quantized film depths for coloring and three-dimensional surface patterning that promise new compact types of lab-in-film devices.

关键词： blistering dielectrics laser processing quantized etching subwavelength processing thin filmsblistering dielectrics laser processing quantized etching subwavelength processing thin films

Efficacy and tolerability of a polysaccharide-resin-honey based cough syrup as compared to carbocysteine syrup for children with colds: a randomized, single-blinded,multicenter study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第1期13卷 27-33页

作者： herman Avner Cohen Moshe Hoshen Shmuel Gur Arie Bahir Yoseph Laks Hannah Blau Pediatric Ambulatory Community Clinic Petah—TikvaIsrael Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel.Aviv UniversityTel—AvivIsrael Clalit Research Institute Chief Physician's OfficeClalit Health ServicesTel AvivIsrael Pediatric Ambulatory Community Clinic Kefar SabaIsrael Pediatric Ambulatory Community Clinic Bat YamIsrael Pediatric Ambulatory Community Clinic Ramat Aviv.Israel Pulmonary Institute Schneider Children Medical Center ofIsrael.Petah Tikva.Israel.

Background:Available pediatric treatments for acute cough are limited by lack of demonstrated *** objective of this trial is to compare the effects of a poIysaccharide—resin-honey based cough syrup,and carbocysteine ... 详细信息

关键词： cough children upper respiratory tract infection

Exposures and risks of arsenic,cadmium,lead,and mercury in cocoa beans and cocoa-based foods:a systematic review

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Food Quality and Safety 2019年第1期3卷 1-8页

作者： Ekpor Anyimah-Ackah Isaac W.Ofosu herman E.Lutterodt Godfred Darko Department of Food Science and technology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhanaWest Africa Department of Chemistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhanaWest Africa

Background:the World Health Organization has expressed concern about arsenic,cadmium,lead,and mercury as potentially harmful to human *** such,the world body has called for appropriate preventive and interventionary *** response,food regulatory bodies including European Food Safety Authority are monitoring the levels of these heavy metals in cocoa and cocoa ***:therefore,the objective of this paper is to synthesize the latest relevant available peer-reviewed publications on arsenic,cadmium,lead,and mercury with a view to highlighting the gaps to encourage further research and informing *** and Methods:A systematic review was conducted using the European Food Safety Authority guide in PubMed database and the result was reported according to the PRISMA ***:the results show that processing may dilute or concentrate the levels of arsenic,cadmium,lead,and mercury,depending on processing factors including the product type,processing method,and raw *** addition,some products exceed the European Union and Chinese Maximum Contaminant Level and may pose ***,the findings show that the risk of heavy metal toxicities was higher among children relative to adults at the same exposure in cocoa-based products and that correcting risk estimates for bioavailability reduces the level of estimated ***:therefore,the review concludes that further research is required to clarify the effect of processing on the level of these contaminants in specific cocoa-based ***,conducting risk studies based on age groups and correcting for bioavailability of arsenic,cadmium,lead,and mercury enhance accuracy of risk ***:the review,therefore,recommends that a value chain approach be adopted to assessing the levels,exposures,and risks of arsenic,cadmium,lead,and mercury in cocoa-based foods and the effect of processing on these levels.

关键词： toxic heavy metals risks exposures hazards cocoa-based products.

Strategies to tackle the challenges of external beam radiotherapy for liver tumors

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第14期9卷 645-656页

作者： Michael I Lock Jonathan Klein Hans t Chung Joseph M herman Edward Y Kim William Small Nina A Mayr Simon S Lo Department of Radiation Oncology London Regional Cancer ProgramUniversity of Western Ontario Department of Radiation Oncology Odette Cancer CentreSunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Department of Radiation Oncology the University of Texas Department of Radiation Oncology University of Washington School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology Loyola University Medical Center

Primary and metastatic liver cancer is an increasingly common and difficult to control disease *** offers a non-invasive treatment alternative for these patients who often have few options and a poor ***,the anatomy and aggressiveness of liver cancer poses significant challenges such as accurate localization at simulation and treatment,management of motion and appropriate selection of dose *** article aims to review the options available and provide information for the practical implementation and/or improvement of liver cancer radiation programs within the context of stereotactic body radiotherapy and image-guided radiotherapy *** patient inclusion and exclusion criteria are presented given the significant toxicity found in certain sub-populations treated with ***,certain sub-populations,such as those with tumor thrombosis or those with larger lesions treated with transarterial chemoembolization,have been shown to have significant improvements in outcome with the addition of radiation and merit special *** a liver radiation programrequires three primary challenges to be addressed:(1) immobilization and motion management;(2) localization;and(3) dose regimen and constraint *** to deal with motion include simple internal target volume(ItV) expansions,non-gated ItV reduction strategies,breath hold methods,and surrogate marker methods to enable gating or *** of the tumor and organs-at-risk are addressed using contrast infusion techniques to take advantage of different normal liver and cancer vascular anatomy,imaging modalities,and margin ***,a dose response has been demonstrated and dose regimens appear to be converging.A more uniform approach to treatment in terms of technique,dose selection and patient selection will allow us to study liver radiation in larger and,hopefully,multicenter randomized studies.

关键词： Hepatocellular 癌肝转移 4DCt 指导图象的放射疗法 Stereotactic 身体放射治疗

Melanoma of the gallbladder misdiagnosed as gallbladder cancer

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2010年第1期9卷 108-109页

作者： Renata Potonyacz Colaneri Bárbara dos Santos Nunes Paulo herman University of So Paulo Medical School Department of Gastroenterology University of So Paulo Medical School

to the Editor:Metastatic melanoma of the gallbladder is extremely rare,and despite appropriate therapy its prognosis is poor withfew patients surviving more than 2 years. We present acase of gallbladder involvement by... 详细信息

关键词： gallbladder extremely prognosis melanoma involvement despite nodule metastatic admitted cholecystitis

Effect of CD14/tLR4 antagonist on GnRH/LH secretion in ewe during central inflammation induced by intracerebroventricular administration of LPS

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 858-867页

作者： Karolina Haziak Andrzej Przemyslaw herman Karolina Wojtulewicz Bartosz Pawlina Kamila Paczesna Joanna Bochenek Dorota tomaszewska-Zaremba the Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition Polish Academy of Sciences05-110 JablonnaPoland

Background: Immune stress induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) influences the gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)/luteinizing hormone(LH) secretion. Presence of LPS interacting toll-like receptor(tLR) 4 in the hypothalamus may enable the direct action of LPS on the GnRH/LH secretion. So, the aim of the study was to investigate the influence of intracerebroventricular(icv) injection of tLR4 antagonist on GnRH/LH secretion in anestrous ewes during LPS-induced central inflammation. Animals were divided into three groups icv-treated with: Ringer-Locke solution, LPS and tLR4 antagonist followed by ***: It was demonstrated that tLR4 antagonist reduced LPS-dependent suppression of GnRH gene expression in the preoptic area and in the medial basal hypothalamus, and suppression of receptor for GnRH gene expression in the anterior pituitary gland. It was also shown that tLR4 antagonist reduced suppression of LH release caused by icv injection of LPS. Central administration of LPS stimulated tLR4 gene expression in the medial basal ***: It was indicated that blockade of tLR4 prevents the inhibitory effect of centrally acting LPS on the GnRH/LH secretion. this suggests that some negative effects of bacterial infection on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity at the hypothalamic level may be caused by central action of LPS acting through tLR4.

关键词： Ewe GnRH LH LPS tLR4 antagonist