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NECAB family of neuronal calcium-binding proteins in health and disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1236-1243页

作者： Diones Bueno Michael K.E.schafer Sudena w.ng Michael J.Schmeisser Axel Methner Institute for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Institute of Anatomy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany

The N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding proteins 1–3(NECAB1–3) constitute a family of predominantly neuronal proteins characterized by the presence of at least one EF-hand calcium-binding domain and a functionally less w.ll characterized C-terminal antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. All three family members w.re initially discovered due to their interactions w.th other proteins. NECAB1 associates w.th synaptotagmin-1, a critical neuronal protein involved in membrane trafficking and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. NECAB2 interacts w.th predominantly striatal G-protein-coupled receptors, w.ile NECAB3 partners w.th amyloid-β A4 precursor protein-binding family A members 2 and 3, key regulators of amyloid-β production. This demonstrates the capacity of the family for interactions w.th various classes of proteins. NECAB proteins exhibit distinct subcellular localizations: NECAB1 is found in the nucleus and cytosol, NECAB2 resides in endosomes and the plasma membrane, and NECAB3 is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain, an evolutionarily ancient component, is akin to atypical heme oxygenases in prokaryotes but is not w.llcharacterized in vertebrates. Prokaryotic antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domains typically form dimers, suggesting that calcium-mediated conformational changes in NECAB proteins may induce antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain dimerization, potentially activating some enzymatic properties. How.ver, the substrate for this enzymatic activity remains uncertain. Alternatively, calcium-mediated conformational changes might influence protein interactions or the subcellular localization of NECAB proteins by controlling the availability of protein–protein interaction domains situated betw.en the EF hands and the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. This review.summarizes w.at is know. about genomic organization, tissue expression, intracellular localization, interac

关键词： calcium EF hand mitochondria nervous system signal transduction

Efficient scar-free knock-ins of several kilobases in plants by engineered CRISPR-Cas endonucleases

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 824-837页

作者： Tom Schreiber Anja Prange Petra schafer Thomas Iw.n Ramona Grutzner Sylvestre Marillonnet Aurelie Lepage Marie Javelle w.att Paul Alain Tissier Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryWeinberg 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany Limagrain Centre de RechercheRoute d’EnnezatCS 9012663720 ChappesFrance

In plants and mammals,non-homologous end-joining is the dominant pathw.y to repair DNA doublestrand breaks,making it challenging to generate knock-in *** this study,w. identified tw. groups of exonucleases from the herpes virus and the bacteriophage T7 families that conferred an up to 38-fold increase in homology-directed repair frequencies w.en fused to Cas9/Cas12a in a tobacco mosaic virus-based transient assay in Nicotiana *** achieved precise and scar-free insertion of several kilobases of DNA both in transient and stable transformation *** Arabidopsis thaliana,fusion of Cas9 to a herpes virus family exonuclease led to 10-fold higher frequencies of knock-ins in the first generation of *** addition,w. demonstrated stable and heritable knock-ins in w.eat in 1%of the primary *** together,our results open perspectives for the routine production of heritable knock-in and gene replacement events in plants.

关键词： homology-directed repair knockin gene replacement CRISPR-Cas 50 exonuclease plants

High Amounts of Halogenated Natural Products in Sperm w.ales(Physeter macrocephalus)from Tw. Italian Regions in the Mediterranean Sea

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Environment & Health 2024年第4期2卷 233-242页

作者： Sina Schw.izer Kristin Halder Annika schafer Jakob Hauns Letizia Marsili Sandro Mazzariol Maria Cristina Fossi Juan Muñoz-Arnanz Begoña Jiménez w.lter Vetter Institute of Food Chemistry Department of Food Chemistry(170b)University of Hohenheim70599 StuttgartGermany European Union Reference Laboratory(EURL)for Halogenated POPs in Feed and Food 79114 FreiburgGermany Department of Environmental Earth and Physical SciencesUniversity of Siena53100 SienaItaly Department of Public Health Comparative Pathology and Veterinary HygieneUniversity of Padova35020 LegnaroItaly Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry Institute of Organic Chemistry(IQOG-CSIC)28006 MadridSpain

Halogenated natural products(HNPs)are considered to be emerging contaminants w.ose environmental distribution and fate are only incompletely ***,several persistent and bioaccumulative HNP groups,together w.th manmade polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)and polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),w.re quantified in the blubber of nine sperm w.ales(Physeter macrocephalus)stranded on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in *** naturally occurring polybrominated hexahydroxanthene derivatives(PBHDs;sum of TetraBHD and TriBHD)w.re the most prominent substance class w.th up to 77,000 ng/g *** mean PBHD content(35,800 ng/g blubber)even exceeded the one of PCBs(28,400 ng/g blubber),although the region is know. to be highly contaminated w.th manmade *** on mean values,Q1∼PBDEs>MeO-BDEs∼2,2′-diMeO-BB 80 and several other HNPs follow.d w.th decreasing *** blubber samples contained an abundant compound w.ose molecular formula(C_(16)H_(19)Br_(3)O_(2))w.s verified using high-resolution mass *** only plausible matching isomer w.s(2S,4′S,9R,9′S)-2,7-dibromo-4′-bromomethyl-1,1-dimethyl-2,3,4,4′,9,9′-9,9′-hexahydro-1H-xanthen-9-ol(OH-TriBHD),a hydroxylated secondary metabolite previously detected together w.th TriBHD and TetraBHD in a sponge know. to be a natural producer of *** estimated mean amount of the presumed OH-TriBHD w.s 3000 ng/g blubber,w.ich is unexpectedly high for hydroxylated compounds in the lipids of marine mammals.

关键词： Halogenated natural product naturally occurring polyhalogenated compound persistent organic pollutant sperm w.ale Italy polar metabolite

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电网的下一场挑战

环球科学 2024年第15期 68-74页

作者：本亚明·舍费尔马克·蒂默郭众(翻译) 德国卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院德国德累斯顿工业大学不详

为了将德国南部的风电送到北部,德国现有的电网必须得到扩充。大部分新增线路都能改善电网,但并非所有线路都是这样。在某些情况下,它们甚至会带来危害。这篇来自《科学美国人》德文版的文章,为我们讲述了德国电网面临的困境,以及他们... 详细信息

为了将德国南部的风电送到北部,德国现有的电网必须得到扩充。大部分新增线路都能改善电网,但并非所有线路都是这样。在某些情况下,它们甚至会带来危害。这篇来自《科学美国人》德文版的文章,为我们讲述了德国电网面临的困境,以及他们的应对策略。

关键词：德国电网应对策略德国南部德文版线路面临的困境

Understanding electricity prices beyond the merit order principle using explainable AI

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Energy and AI 2023年第3期13卷 149-159页

作者： Julius Trebbien Leonardo Rydin Gorjao Aaron Praktiknjo benjamin schafer Dirk w.tthaut Forschungszentrum Julich Institute for Energy and Climate Research–Systems Analysis and Technology Evaluation(IEK-STE)52428 JülichGermany University of Cologne Institute for Theoretical PhysicsZülpicher Str.7750937 CologneGermany Faculty of Science and Technology Norwegian University of Life Sciences1432 AsNorway Chair for Energy System Economics Institute for Future Energy Consumer Needs and Behavior(FCN)E.ON Energy Research CenterRWTH Aachen UniversityMathieustr.1052074 AachenGermany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany JARA-ENERGY 52074 AachenGermany

Electricity prices in liberalized markets are determined by the supply and demand for electric pow.r,w.ich are in turn driven by various external influences that vary strongly in *** perfect competition,the merit order principle describes that dispatchable pow.r plants enter the market in the order of their marginal costs to meet the residual load,*** difference of load and renew.ble *** market models are based on this principle w.en attempting to predict electricity prices,yet the principle is fraught w.th assumptions and simplifications and thus is limited in accurately predicting *** this article,w. present an explainable machine learning model for the electricity prices on the German day-ahead market w.ich foregoes of the aforementioned assumptions of the merit order *** model is designed for an ex-post analysis of prices and builds on various external *** SHapley Additive exPlanation(SHAP)values w. disentangle the role of the different features and quantify their importance from empiric data,and therein circumvent the limitations inherent to the merit order *** show.that load,w.nd and solar generation are the central external features driving prices,as expected,w.erein w.nd generation affects prices more than solar ***,fuel prices also highly affect prices,and do so in a nontrivial ***,large generation ramps are correlated w.th high prices due to the limited flexibility of nuclear and lignite ***,w. offer a model that describes the influence of the main drivers of electricity prices in Germany,taking us a step beyond the limited merit order principle in explaining the drivers of electricity prices and their relation to each other.

关键词： Electricity prices Merit order principle Explainable artificial intelligence Machine learning Fuel prices Energy market

Dehydrated Natural Feed for Cats: Influence on Apparent Digestibility Coefficient, Feces Scores, and Serum Immune, Antioxidant, and Metabolic Biomarkers

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 594-611页

作者： Bruno Giorgio de Oliveira Cécere Guilherme Luiz Deolindo Bianca F. Bissacotti Priscila Marquezin Copetti Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger Bruna Klein Matheus Delamea Baldissera Thiago Pereira Ribeiro w.lter Hugo Cuelho Suarez Daniel Pigatto Monteiro Aleksandro schafer Da Silva Graduate Multicenter Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of the State of Santa Catarina Lages Brazil Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) Santa Maria Brazil Department of Animal Science Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) Chapec Brazil Department of Health Science Universidade Franciscana (UFN) Santa Maria Brazil Department of Animal Nutrition Tectron-Tecnologia e Inovao Toledo Brazil

The present study aimed to determine w.ether natural dehydrated feed (DNF) can replace dry extruded feed w.ile preserving the required daily intake, nutrient digestibility and benefits for immunity and antioxidant response in cats. The animals w.re divided into tw. groups of seven animals each. One group received DNF, and the other consumed commercial extruded dry feed (DCF). The experiment lasted 45 days and w. measured daily consumption and collected blood and feces samples. The animals in the DNF group show.d greater digestibility of fiber and mineral matter than DCF. Cats in the DNF group had a higher volume of feces. DNF cats had low.r leukocyte and granulocyte counts and cholesterol levels. Serum enzymatic antioxidant responses and non-enzymatic w.re higher in DNF cats. Cats in the DNF group show.d low.r serum acute phase proteins in addition to a tendency tow.rd a higher concentration of transferrin than in the DCF group. Fecal Escherichia coli and total coliform counts of cats fed DNF w.re higher than DCF. w. conclude that the daily consumption of cats is adequate. This feed had greater digestibility of fiber and mineral matter, in addition to an improvement in antioxidant and immunological responses.

关键词： Alternative Feed Antioxidant Companion Animals Health

Analysis of pneumatic atomizer spray profiles

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Particuology 2016年第6期14卷 80-85页

作者： w.lter schafer Simon Rosenkranz Felix Brinckmann Cameron Tropea AOM-Systems GmbH Flughafenstrasse 15 64347 Griesheim Germany LacTec GmbH Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6-8 63110 Rodgau Germany Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics Technische Universitat Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 10 64287 Darmstadt Germany Graduate School of Computational Engineering Technische Universitat Darmstadt Dolivostrasse 15 64287 Darmstadt Germany

Our objective is to analyze the atomization processes of a pneumatic atomizer by measuring the size and velocity distributions of droplets in a liquid paint spray. The droplet size and velocity distributions have been determined at different axial positions in the spray; a mathematical description of how.these quan- tities vary throughout the spray is then proposed. Additionally, the relative number density of droplets and the relative local mass flux are estimated.

关键词： Pneumatic atomizer Spray Measurement Droplet size profile Droplet velocity profile Time-shift

双片OSB覆面冷弯薄壁型钢墙体滞回性能研究

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建筑钢结构进展 2022年第3期24卷 72-79页

作者：刘朋钱哲王连广 schafer benjamin 王元清沈阳工业大学建筑与土木工程学院沈阳110870 东北大学资源与土木工程学院沈阳110004 约翰霍普金斯大学土木工程系巴尔的摩21218 清华大学土木水利学院北京100084

为了研究墙体构造对双片OSB覆面冷弯薄壁型钢墙体滞回性能的影响,进行了单调和低周反复荷载下6个冷弯薄壁型钢墙体的试验研究,分析了边梁、石膏板及副龙骨等参数对墙体抗剪承载力、滞回性能及延性的影响,试验结果表明:边梁的存在使墙体... 详细信息

为了研究墙体构造对双片OSB覆面冷弯薄壁型钢墙体滞回性能的影响,进行了单调和低周反复荷载下6个冷弯薄壁型钢墙体的试验研究,分析了边梁、石膏板及副龙骨等参数对墙体抗剪承载力、滞回性能及延性的影响,试验结果表明:边梁的存在使墙体承载力提高了12%左右;内侧添加石膏板使组合墙的初始刚度提高了20%左右,但对延性比和极限承载力对应位移影响较小,说明试件荷载-位移曲线下降段的力学性能主要是依靠更强的OSB和冷弯型钢框架的连接;减小副龙骨的厚度和强度会降低组合墙的承载力、初始刚度及极限承载力对应位移。试件破坏集中在组合墙边立柱下部的1/3处、底部导轨及垂直板缝处,未见副龙骨局部屈曲破坏;试件破坏模式为螺钉左右倾斜并拔出OSB,组合墙角部出现螺钉剪断及OSB被撕裂。试件滞回曲线呈“捏缩”状,荷载-位移曲线下降段的承载力衰减和刚度退化明显,且耗能较低。

关键词：冷弯薄壁型钢墙体滞回性能 OSB 石膏板板缝

Thermal Reversion of Plant Phytochromes

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Molecular Plant 2020年第3期13卷 386-397页

作者： Cornelia Klose Ferenc Nagy Eberhard schafer Institute of Biology II University of Freiburg79104 FreiburgGermany Institute of Plant Biology Biological Research CentreTemesvari krt.626726 SzegedHungary

Phytochromes are red/far-red reversible photoreceptors essential for plant grow.h and *** signaling is mediated by the physiologically active far-red-absorbing Pfr form that can be inactivated to the red-absorbing Pr ground state by light-dependent photoconversion or by light-independent thermal reversion,also termed dark *** the term“dark reversion”is justified by historical reasons and frequently used in the literature,“thermal reversion”more appropriately describes the process of light-independent but temperature-regulated Pfr relaxation that not only occurs in darkness but also in light and is used throughout the *** reversion is a critical parameter for the light sensitivity of phytochrome-mediated responses and has been studied for decades,often resulting in contradictory *** reversion is an intrinsic property of the phytochrome molecules but can be modulated by intra-and intermolecular interactions,as w.ll as biochemical modifications,such as *** this review.w. outline the research history of phytochrome thermal reversion,highlighting important predictions that have been made before know.ng the molecular *** further summarize and discuss recent findings about the molecular mechanisms regulating phytochrome thermal reversion and its functional roles in light and temperature sensing in plants.

关键词： phytochrome phyA phyB thermal reversion dark reversion in vivo spectroscopy