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Current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 535-545页

作者： benjamin sandkam Brian DALTON Felix BREDEN Karen CARLETON Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park College Park MD 20742 USA Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC VSA 1S6 Canada

Sensory drive predicts coevolution of mate choice signals with the sensory systems detecting those sig nals. Guppies are a classic model for sensory drive as mate preferences based on coloration differ across individuals and populations. A large body of work has identified variation in color vision, yet we lack a dir ect tie between how such variation in color vision influences variation in color preference. Here we bring together studies that have investigated guppy vision over the past 40years to：（1） highlight our current understanding of where variation occurs in the guppy color vision pathway and （2） suggest future ave nues of research into sources of visual system variation that could influence guppy color preference. This will allow researchers to design careful studies that couple measures of color preference with measures of visual system variation from the same individual or population. Such studies will finally provide im portant answers as to what sets the direction and speed of mate preference evolution via sensory drive.

关键词： colour vision mate choice opsin Poecilia reticulata sensory bias visual ecology

Spastin and alsin protein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical pathways and suggest novel druggable targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： benjamin R.Helmold Angela Ahrens Zachary Fitzgerald P.Hande Ozdinler Department of Neurology Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinberg School of Medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

Developing effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and complex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among patients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have implications for a broad spectrum of patients. One potential solution is to develop personalized medicine approaches based on strategies that target the most prevalent cellular events that are perturbed in patients. Especially in patients with a known genetic mutation, it may be possible to understand how these mutations contribute to problems that lead to neurodegeneration. Protein–protein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how proteins interact, which cellular events are primarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in patients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for patients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and spastin, two proteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hereditary spastic paraplegia, respectively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the protein interactome for alsin and spastin, the canonical pathways that are primarily important for each protein domain, as well as compounds that are either Food and Drug Administration–approved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular pathways. This line of research begins to pave the way for personalized medicine approaches that are desperately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are complex and heterogeneous.

关键词： ALS2 alsin amyotrophic lateral sclerosis hereditary spastic paraplegia neurodegenerative diseases personalized medicine precision medicine protein interactome protein-protein interactions SPAST spastin

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Experimental Study for Effect of Multi-Site Spark Ignition on Dedicated Hybrid Engine Performance under High Dilution Condition

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 254-267页

作者： YAN Bowen WATERS benjamin HAINES Andrew MCGHEE Mike HU Tiegang DENG Wei PU Yongxian MA Tianyu Powertrain Engineering R&D Center Chongqing Changan Automobile Co.Ltd. Changan UK R&D Centre Limited

In this study,a triple spark ignition scheme was first designed on a three-cylinder 1.5-L dedicated hybrid engine（DHE）.On this basis,the effect of different ignition modes on engine combustion and emission characteristics was studied,especially under high dilution *** results tested at 2000 r/min and 0.8 MPa BMEP（brake mean effective pressure） show that with highly increased in-cylinder flow intensity,using only passive prechamber（PPC） has a lower lean limit than that with single central spark plug（CSP）,thereby leading to slightly higher minimum fuel consumption and nitrogen oxides（NOx） *** side spark plugs（SSP）based on PPC can result in improved capability of lean limit extension and engine performance than ***,the improvement level is lower than that with triple spark plugs（TSP）.As the excess air ratio λincreases,the advantage of PPC and PPC with SSP in improving the combustion phasing compared with CSP gradually ***,the increasing tendency of their ignition delay and combustion duration is more *** added SSP based on PPC can effectively shorten the ignition delay of leaner mixture,but the combustion duration can be only slightly *** a result,under extremely lean condition,the advantage of PPC and PPC with SSP in terms of combustion characteristics over CSP becomes much *** contrast,the TSP ignition can achieve much shorter ignition delay and combustion duration simultaneously under this *** to the highest available dilution level,the TSP ignition achieves the lowest raw ***,it can also reduce the raw carbon monoxide（CO） and hydrocarbons（HC） emissions compared to CSP due to a more thorough combustion of the end gas *** on the excellent performance of TSP,the highest engine brake thermal efficiency（BTE） was further *** results show that with normal RON 92 fuel,the engine finally achieved 43.69% and 45.02% BTE under stochiometric mode with exhaust

关键词： dedicated hybrid engine high dilution condition NOx emissions passive prechamber thermal efficiency triple spark plug scheme

Concentrations of Potentially Toxic Elements in Groundwater and Surface Water in Ruashi and Annexe Municipalities of Lubumbashi City, Southeastern Democratic Republic of Congo

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2025年第1期14卷 1-13页

作者： Bamba Bukengu Muhaya benjamin Busomoke Badarhi Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of LubumbashiLubumbashi 1825Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Zootechnics Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of LubumbashiLubumbashi 1825Democratic Republic of Congo

Groundwater and surface water contamination by PTE(Potentially Toxic Elements)was assessed in Ruashi and Annexe municipalities of Lubumbashi *** of seventy water samples collected from six drilled wells,eight spade-sunk wells,one river and one spring in both municipalities in 2017 and 2018 were carried out by ICP-SF-MS(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Sector Field Mass Spectrometry).Twenty PTEs including aluminum,arsenic,barium,bismuth,cadmium,cesium,chromium,cobalt,copper,iron,lead,manganese,molybdenum,nickel,strontium,thallium,tungsten,uranium,vanadium and zinc were detected at various concentrations in each one of the *** samples had concentrations and mean concentrations of PTEs,such as aluminum,cadmium,copper,iron,lead,manganese,nickel and zinc,higher than the respective acceptable limits set for drinking water by the EU(European Union),the USEPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency),and the WHO(World Health Organization)*** PTEs being deleterious to human health even at very low concentrations,people who use the groundwater and surface water to meet their water needs in both Ruashi and Annexe municipalities are at risk.

关键词： Contamination groundwater PTEs spring stream Ruashi and Annexe municipalities Lubumbashi city.

Can DyeCycling break the photobleaching limit in single-molecule FRET?

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Nano Research 2022年第11期15卷 9818-9830页

作者： benjamin Vermeer Sonja Schmid NanoDynamicsLab Laboratory of BiophysicsWageningen UniversityStippeneng 46708WE WageningenThe Netherlands

Biomolecular systems,such as proteins,crucially rely on dynamic processes at the *** biomolecular nanodynamics is therefore key to obtaining a mechanistic understanding of the energies and molecular driving forces that controlbiomolecular ***-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer(smFRET)is a powerful technique to observe inreal-time how a single biomolecule proceeds through its functional cycle involving a sequence of distinct structural ***,this technique is fundamentally limited by irreversible photobleaching,causing the untimely end of the experiment andthus,a narrow temporal bandwidth of≤3 orders of ***,we introduce“DyeCycling”,a measurement scheme withwhich we aim to break the photobleaching limit in *** introduce the concept of spontaneous dye replacement bysimulations,and as an experimental proof-of-concept,we demonstrate the intermittent observation of a single biomolecule forone hour with a time resolution of ***,DyeCycling can provide>100-fold more information per singlemolecule than conventional *** discuss the experimental implementation of DyeCycling,its current and fundamentallimitations,and specific biological use *** its general simplicity and versatility,DyeCycling has the potential torevolutionize the field of time-resolved smFRET,where it may serve to unravel a wealth of biomolecular dynamics by bridgingfrom milliseconds to the hour range.

关键词： biomolecular dynamics single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer(smFRET) photobleaching conformational changes single-molecule kinetics

Wahi, a discrete global grid gazetteer built using linked open data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第5期10卷 490-503页

作者： benjamin Adams Department of Computer Science Centre for eResearchThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Discrete global grid systems have become an important component of Digital Earth ***,previously there has not existed an easy way to map between named places(toponyms)and the cells of a discrete global grid *** lack of such a tool has limited the opportunities to synthesize social place-based data with the more standard Earth and environmental science data currently being analyzed in Digital Earth *** paper introduces Wāhi,the first gazetteer to map entities from the GeoNames database to multiple discrete global grid systems.A gazetteer service is presented that exposes the grid system and the associated gazetteer data as Linked Data.A set of use cases for the discrete global grid gazetteer is discussed.

关键词： Discrete global grid gazetteer linked data place toponym Digital Earth

Integrating high levels of variable renewable energy into electric power systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2017年第6期5卷 831-837页

作者： benjamin KROPOSKI National Renewable Energy Laboratory GoldenCO 80401USA

As more variable renewable energy(VRE)such as wind and solar are integrated into electric power systems,technical challenges arise from the need to maintain the balance between load and generation at all *** paper examines the challenges with integrating ultrahigh levels of VRE into electric power system,reviews a range of solutions to these challenges,and provides a description of several examples of ultra-high VRE systems that are in operation today.

关键词： High penetration Variable renewable energy Grid operation Wind Solar

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Can Distributed Ledgers Help to Overcome the Need of Labeled Data for Agricultural Machine Learning Tasks?

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 391-394页

作者： Stefan Paulus benjamin Leiding Institute of Sugar Beet Research Holtenser Landstr.7737079 GöttingenGermany Institute for Software and Systems Engineering TU ClausthalWallstr.638640 GoslarGermany

Introduction Plant phenotyping describes the result of the interaction of genotype with the environment[1].This is performed with high throughput in greenhouses by automated screening systems using different types of imaging and non-imaging sensors[2].The high-throughput imaging routines result in large amounts of data,which require sophisticated processing *** and reusing phenotype-related data are not common,because its acquisition and processing are resource costly and technically intensive[3].

关键词： routine processing throughput

Beyond tumorigenesis: cancer stem cells in metastasis

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Cell Research 2007年第1期17卷 3-14页

作者： benjamin Tiede JoanMassagué Department of Molecular Biology Princeton University Washington Road PrincetonNJ 08544USA Cancer Biology and Genetics Program and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10021USA

The importance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumor-initiation has been firmly established in leukemia and recentlyreported for a variety of solid ***,the role of CSCs in multistage cancer progression,particularly withrespect to metastasis,has not been *** metastasis requires the seeding and successful colonization ofspecialized CSCs at distant *** biology of normal stein cells and CSCs share remarkable similarities and mayhave important implications when applied to the study of cancer ***,overlapping sets of moleculesand pathways have recently been identified to regulate both stem cell migration and cancer *** moleculesconstitute a complex network of cellular interactions that facilitate both the initiation of the pre-metastasis niche by theprimary tumor and the formation of a nurturing organ microenvironment for migrating *** this review,we surveyedthe recent advances in this dynamic field and propose a unified model of cancer progression in which CSCs assume acentral role in both tumorigenesis and *** understanding of CSCs as a fundamental component of themetastatic cascade will lead to novel therapeutic strategies against metastatic cancer.

关键词： stem cells cancer stem cells metastasis metastasis roche mouse model

An arthropod community beyond the dry limit of plant life

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第6期13卷 629-638页

作者： benjamin DAVIDSON Elli GRONER Arava Institute for Environmental Studies D.N.Eilot 88840Israel Vassar College PoughkeepsieNew York 12604United States of America Dead Sea and Arava Science Center Mitzpe Ramon 8060000Israel Ben Gurion University Eilat 88556Israel

Water availability,which enables plant growth and animal activity,regulates dryland ecosystem *** hyper-arid ecosystems,rain cannot support vascular plant ***,hyper-arid vegetation is restricted to the lower topography,where runoff ***,food resources originating from areas of dense vegetation are dispersed across the desert floor,enabling animal life in areas lacking vascular plant ***,certain regions,such as the hyper-arid upper topography,may be devoid of plant-derived food *** present study examined arthropod activity in the upper topography of a hyper-arid desert,in comparison with arthropod activity in the lower *** traps were utilized to compare arthropod activity along unvegetated ridges with activity in parallel,vegetated ***,the study revealed dense arthropod communities in the barren upper *** collected in the upper topography represented 26%of total arthropod *** addition,the overlap between arthropod identity in the ridges and wadis(i.e.,riverbeds)was low,and certain arthropods were strongly affiliated with the *** upper topographic communities included high numbers of silverfish(Zygentoma:Lepismatidae),malachite beetles(Psiloderes),and predatory mites(Acari:Anystidae),and these arthropods were present at various life *** remains unclear how arthropod communities can persist in the unvegetated upper topography of the hyper-arid study *** results raise the possibility that other food sources,independent from vascular plants,may play a significant role in the life history of hyper-arid arthropods.

关键词： hyper-arid area spatial distribution topography silverfish Tenebrionidae desert

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