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Phylogeny,ecology and taxonomy of systemic pathogens and their relatives in Ajellomycetaceae(Onygenales):Blastomyces,Emergomyces,Emmonsia,Emmonsiellopsis

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fungal Diversity 2018年第3期90卷 245-291页

作者： Yanping Jiang Karolina Dukik Jose f.Munoz Lynne Sigler Ilan S.Schwartz Nelesh P.Govender Chris Kenyon Peiying feng Bert Gerrits van den Ende J.benjamin Stielow Alberto M.Stchigel Hongguang Lu Sybren de Hoog Department of Dermatology The Affiliated HospitalGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina Westerdijk fungal Biodiversity Institute UtrechtThe Netherlands Center of Expertise in Mycology of RadboudUMC/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital NijmegenThe Netherlands Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard CambridgeMAUSA and Biological Sciences EdmontonABCanada Division of Infectious Diseases Department of MedicineFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada Global Health Institute Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium A Division of the National Health Laboratory ServiceJohannesburgSouth Africa Sexually Transmitted Infection Unit Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Thermo fisher Scientific LandsmeerThe Netherlands Mycology Unit and IISPV University Rovira i VirgiliReusTarragonaSpain

The family Ajellomycetaceae(Onygenales)includes mammal-associated pathogens within the genera Blastomyces,Emmonsia,Histoplasma and Paracoccidioides,as well as the recently described genera,Emergomyces that causes disease in immunocompromised hosts,and Emmonsiellopsis,known only from *** further assess the phylogenetic relationships among and between members of these genera and several previously undescribed species,we sequenced and analyzed the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II(rPB2),translation elongation factor 3-a(TEf3),b-tubulin(TUB2),28S large subunit rDNA(LSU)and the internal transcribed spacer regions(ITS)in 68 strains,in addition to morphological and physiological *** better understand the thermal dimorphism among these fungi,the dynamic process of transformation from mycelial to yeast-like or adiaspore-like forms was also assessed over a range of temperatures(6–42C).Molecular data resolved the relationships and recognized five major well-supported lineages that correspond largely to the genus ***,typified by Emmonsia parva,is a synonym of Blastomyces that also accommodates Blastomyces helicus(formerly Emmonsia helica).Emmonsia crescens is phylogenetically distinct,and found closely related to a single strain from soil without known *** silverae,Emergomyces canadensis,Emergomyces europaeus and Emmonsia sola are newly *** all of the taxa are associated with human and animal *** crescens,*** and *** are prevalently associated with pulmonary disease in humans or *** helicus,***,Emergomyces africanus,***,***,*** and ***(formerly Emmonsia pasteuriana)are predominantly found in human hosts with immune disorders;no animal hosts are known for these species except ***.

关键词： Ajellomycetaceae Onygenales Phylogeny Ecology Thermal dimorphism Systemic infection Taxonomy

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Liver function tests and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease:Changes in upper normal limits,does it really matter?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第12期13卷 2104-2112页

作者： Roberta forlano benjamin H Mullish Ameet Dhar Robert D Goldin Mark Thursz Pinelopi Manousou Liver Unit/Department of Metabolism Digestion and ReproductionFaculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondon W21NYUnited Kingdom Centre for Pathology Department of MedicineImperial College LondonLondon W21NYUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAfLD)is the commonest cause of abnormal liver function tests(LfTs).Current upper normal of limit(UNL)of LfTs was derived from a“healthy”population,where undiagnosed MAfLD and viral hepatitis might be *** To evaluated potential implications of changes in UNL of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)in *** We retrospectively assessed consecutive first referrals with a diagnosis of MAfLD from 2010 to *** conventional UNL of ALT was 45 IU/L for men and 34 IU/L for women,while a low UNL of ALT was 30 IU/L for men and 19 IU/L for *** UNL of aspartate aminotransferase(AST)was 40 IU/*** Total 436 patients were enrolled;of these,288 underwent liver *** a lower UNL reduced the percentage of those with significant disease despite normal ALT;specifically,patients with advanced fibrosis(f≥f3)or definite“metabolic-associated steato-hepatitis(MASH)”(NAS≥5)within normal ALT decreased from 10%to 1%and from 28%to 4%***,the proportion of those with elevated ALT and no evidence of advanced fibrosis or“definite MASH”increased from 39%to 47%and from 3%to 19%.Overall,LfTs performed poorly in distinguishing“definite MASH”from simple steatosis(receiver operating characteristic areas under the curves 0.59 for ALT and 0.55 for AST).CONCLUSION Liver function tests might both under-and overestimate MASH-related liver *** the UNL might not be beneficial and imply an increase in healthcare *** stratification in MAfLD should rely on a combination of risk factors,not on LfTs alone.

关键词： Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease Liver function tests Alanine aminotransferase fibrosis Stiffness

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Comparison of biological fitness in crosses between subspecies of Meccus phyllosomus （Hemiptera： Reduviidae： Triatominae） in southern Mexico

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Insect Science 2017年第1期24卷 114-121页

作者： Jose Alejandro Martinez-Ibarra benjamin Nogueda-Torres Luis fernando Salazar-Montano Juan Carlos Garcia-Lino Demver Arroyo-Reyes Juan Angel Hernandez-Navarro Area de Entomologia Medica Universidad de Guadalajara Ciudad Guzman Jalisco Mexico Becario de COfAA Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas Instituto Politecnico Nacional D.F. Mexico Carrera de Medicina Departamento de Salud y Bienestar Centro Universitario del Sur Universidad de Guadalajara Ciudad Guzman Jalisco Mexico

Understanding the biological parameters of some triatomine subspecies of Meccus phyllosomus （Burmeister） is a crucial first step in estimating the epidemiologie importance of this group. Biological parameters related to hatching, lifetime, number of blood meals to molt, percentage of females at the end of the cycle, number of laid eggs, and mortality for each instar of 3 M. phyllosomus subspecies [M. p. mazzottii （Usinger）, M. p. pallidipennis （Stal）, and M. p. phyllosomus] and their laboratory hybrids were evaluated and compared. No significant differences （P 〉 0.05） were found among the experimental hybrids （MaPa, MaPhy, PaPhy） and reciprocal cohorts. In 5 （hatching, number of blood meals to molt, accumulative mortality, percentage of females, and mean number of laid eggs） of the 6 studied parameters （with the exception of development time）, the hybrid cohorts had better fitness results than the parental cohorts involved in each set of crosses. The increase in hybrid fitness found in our study could lead to an increase in the epidemiologic risks caused by transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi to humans.

关键词： biological parameters Chagas disease Meccus subspecies Mexico tri- atomines Trypanosoma cruzi transmission

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Serum bile acid profiling reflects enterohepatic detoxification state and intestinal barrier function in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第25期15卷 3134-3141页

作者： Carsten Gnewuch Gerhard Liebisch Thomas Langmann benjamin Dieplinger Thomas Mueller Meinhard Haltmayer Hans Dieplinger Alexandra Zahn Wolfgang Stremmel Gerhard Rogler Gerd Schmitz Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Regensburg University Medical Center Institute of Human Genetics University of Regensburg Department of Laboratory Medicine Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz Division of Genetic Epidemiology Department of Medical GeneticsClinical and Molecular PharmacologyInnsbruck Medical University Department of Gastro-enterology University Hospital Heidelberg Department of Internal Medicine I Regensburg University Medical Center

AIM： To determine free and conjugated serum bile acid （BA） levels in inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） subgroups with defined clinical manifestations. METHODS： Comprehensive serum BA profiling was performed in 358 IBD patients and 310 healthy con- trols by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS： Serum levels of hyodeoxycholic acid, the CYP3A4-mediated detoxification product of the second- ary BA lithocholic acid （LCA）, was increased significantly in Crohn＇s disease （CD） and ulcerative colitis （UC）, while most other serum BA species were decreased signifi- cantly. Total BA, total BA conjugate, and total BA glyco- conjugate levels were decreased only in CD, whereas total unconjugated BA levels were decreased only in UC. In UC patients with hepatobiliary manifestations, the conjugated primary BAs glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid, and glycochenodeoxycholic acid were as signifi- cantly increased as the secondary BAs LCA, ursodeoxy- cholic acid, and tauroursodeoxycholic acid compared to UC patients without hepatobiliary manifestations. finally, we found that in ileocecal resected CD patients, the unconjugated primary BAs, cholic acid and chenode- oxycholic acid, were increased significantly compared to controls and patients without surgical interventions. CONCLUSION： Serum BA profiling in IBD patients that indicates impaired intestinal barrier function and increased detoxification is suitable for advanced diag- nostic characterization and differentiation of IBD sub- groups with defined clinical manifestations.

关键词： Bile acids Liquid chromatography Tandem mass spectrometry Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis

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水质资料的百分值估计

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水利水电科技进展 1989年第S1期13卷 34-38页

作者： R.W.crabtree I.D.Cluckie C.f.forster 张瑛玉

(一)引言迄今为止,英国污水处理厂的最大污水允许排放量仍按照1912年皇家委员会的标准,SS为30mg/l,BOD 为20mg/l,通常不考虑水有可能受河道的影响。在控制污水量排入河道时,最好能保持污染控制费用与环境污染之间一种可接受的折衷方案... 详细信息

(一)引言迄今为止,英国污水处理厂的最大污水允许排放量仍按照1912年皇家委员会的标准,SS为30mg/l,BOD 为20mg/l,通常不考虑水有可能受河道的影响。在控制污水量排入河道时,最好能保持污染控制费用与环境污染之间一种可接受的折衷方案。为了避免河流受到污染,或不致费用过高,国家水利委员会(NWC,1978)建议。

关键词：水质资料污水处理厂河流水质允许排放量污水量水利委员会分布拟合污染控制观测值非参数估计

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financial modeling : [uses Excel]. With a section on Visual Basic for applications / by benjamin Czaczkes 3rd ed.

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2008年

作者： Simon Benninga benjamin Czaczkes

ISBN: (纸本)9780262026284

Too often, finance courses stop short of making a connection between textbook finance and the problems of real-world business. financial Modeling bridges this gap between theory and practice by providing a nuts-and-bolts guide to solving common financial models with spreadsheets. Simon Benninga takes the reader step by step through each model, showing how it can be solved using Microsoft Excel. The long-awaited third edition of this standard text maintains the "cookbook" features and Excel dependence that have made the first and second editions so popular. It also offers significant new material, with new chapters covering such topics as bank valuation, the Black-Litterman approach to portfolio optimization, Monte Carlo methods and their applications to option pricing, and using array functions and formulas. Other chapters, including those on basic financial calculations, portfolio models, calculating the variance-covariance matrix, and generating random numbers, have been revised, with many offering substantially new and improved material. Other areas covered include financial statement modeling, leasing, standard portfolio problems, value at risk (VaR), real options, duration and immunization, and term structure modeling. Technical chapters treat such topics as data tables, matrices, the Gauss-Seidel method, and tips for using Excel. The last section of the text covers the Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) techniques needed for the book. The accompanying CD contains Excel worksheets and solutions to end-of-chapter exercises.

关键词： finance

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Thermo-optically tunable spectral broadening in a nonlinear ultra-silicon-rich nitride Bragg grating

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Photonics Research 2021年第4期9卷 596-604页

作者： Yanmei Cao Ezgi Sahin Ju Won Choi Peng Xing George f.R.Chen D.K.T.Ng benjamin J.Eggleton Dawn T.H.Tan Photonics Devices and Systems Group Singapore University of Technology and Design8 Somapah RoadSingapore 487372Singapore Current address:Photonic Systems Laboratory(PHOSL) Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneSTI-IELStation 11CH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland Institute of Microelectronics A*STAR2 Fusionopolis Way#08-02Innovis TowerSingapore 138634Singapore Institute of Photonics and Optical Science School of PhysicsThe University of SydneySydneyNew South Wales 2006Australia The University of Sydney Nano Institute(Sydney Nano) The University of SydneySydneyNew South Wales 2006Australia

Spectral tunability methods used in optical communications and signal processing leveraging optical,electrical,and acousto-optic effects typically involve spectral truncation that results in energy *** we demonstrate temperature tunable spectral broadening using a nonlinear ultra-silicon-rich nitride device consisting of a 3-mm-long cladding-modulated Bragg grating and a 7-mm-long nonlinear channel *** operating at frequencies close to the grating band edge,in an apodized Bragg grating,we access strong grating-induced dispersion while maintaining low losses and high *** further exploit the redshift in the Bragg grating stopband due to the thermo-optic effect to achieve tunable dispersion,leading to varying degrees of soliton-effect compression and self-phase-modulation-induced spectral *** observe an increase in the bandwidth of the output pulse spectrum from 69 to 106 nm as temperature decreases from 70℃ to 25℃,in good agreement with simulated results using the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger *** demonstrated approach provides a new avenue to achieve on-chip laser spectral tuning without loss in pulse energy.

关键词： tunable tuning nonlinear

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5G mobile communication applications for surgery:An overview of the latest literature

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2021年第1期2卷 1-11页

作者： Leandra Börner Valdez Rabi R Datta benjamin Babic Dolores T Müller Christiane J Bruns Hans f fuchs Department of Surgery University of CologneCologne 50937Germany

fifth-generation wireless network,5G,is expected to bring surgery to a next *** surgery and telementoring could be enabled and be brought into routine medical care due to 5G characteristics,such as extreme high bandwidth,ultrashort latency,multiconnectivity,high mobility,high availability,and high *** work explores the benefits,applications and demands of 5G for ***,the development of previous surgical procedures from using older networks to 5G is *** current state of 5G in surgical research studies is discussed,as well as future aspects and requirements of 5G in surgery are presented.

关键词： 5G Wireless networks Remote surgery Telesurgery Telementoring Robotic surgery

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factors Associated with Accessing ICDS Services among Women in Rural Rajasthan, India

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Health 2018年第10期10卷 1271-1282页

作者： Siena f. Davis Hannah E. Payne Cassidy A. Hine Bobbi L. Gray benjamin T. Crookston Department of Public Health Brigham Young University Provo UT USA freedom from Hunger Davis CA USA

Background: The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme, launched in 1975 by the Government of India, provides various health services to children and their mothers at ICDS centres. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to understand 1) the extent to which women living in Rajasthan, India utilize services provided by ICDS centres and 2) the factors that are associated with their use. Methods: freedom from Hunger and freedom from Hunger India Trust, in collaboration with two local partners in Rajasthan, India, conducted a baseline assessment with 403 pregnant women and women with young children belonging to self-help groups to compare use of ICDS centres with key demographic variables and measures of poverty, food security and nutrition, curative care related to diarrhea, coping strategies, and household decision-making. Results: The results revealed that households that accessed ICDS services were more likely to report receiving nutrition information from ICDS centres, to purchase ORS in the last year, and to give oral rehydration solution (ORS) to children who had diarrhea. Women who decide how much food to serve each family member or spend money without discussing it first with someone else were more likely to receive benefits from ICDS centres. Those who spoke with their spouse about household nutrition needs were less likely to report accessing ICDS services. Conclusion: Interventions aimed at increasing utilization of ICDS centres in this region may find it beneficial to increase female participation in health care decisions, likely through spousal communication and gender relations.

关键词： India Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme Anganwadi Centres Maternal Health Child Health

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Three-dimensional graphene framework with ultra-high sulfur content for a robust lithium-sulfur battery

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Nano Research 2016年第1期9卷 240-248页

作者： benjamin Papandrea Xu Xu Yuxi Xu Chih-Yen Chen Zhaoyang Lin Gongming Wang Yanzhu Luo Matthew Liu yu Huang Liqiang Mai Xiangfeng Duan Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA California NanoSystems Institute University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

Lithium-sulfur batteries can deliver significantly higher specific capacity than standard lithium ion batteries, and represent the next generation of energy storage devices for both electric vehicles and mobile devices. However, the lithium-sulfur technology today is plagued with numerous challenges, including poor sulfur conductivity, large volumetric expansion, severe polysulfide shuttling and low sulfur utilization, which prevent its wide-spread adoption in the energy storage industry. Here we report a freestanding three-dimensional （3D） graphene frame- work for highly efficient loading of sulfur particles and creating a high capacity sulfur cathode. Using a one-pot synthesis method, we show a mechanically robust graphene-sulfur composite can be prepared with the highest sulfur weight content （90% sulfur） reported to date, and can be directly used as the sulfur cathode without additional binders or conductive additives. The graphene-sulfur composite features a highly interconnected graphene network ensuring excellent conductivity and a 3D porous structure allowing efficient ion transport and accommodating large volume expansion. Additionally, the 3D graphene framework can also function as an effective encapsulation layer to retard the polysulfide shuttling effect, thus enabling a highly robust sulfur cathode. Electrochemical studies show that such composite can deliver a highest capacity of 969 mAh-g-1, a record high number achieved for all sulfur cathodes reported to date when normalized by the total mass of the entire electrode. Our studies demonstrate that the 3D graphene framework represents an attractive scaffold material for a high performance lithium sulfur battery cathode, and could enable exciting opportunities for ultra-high capacity energy storage applications.

关键词： energy storage graphene frameworkthree-dimensional(3D)-network high loading lithium sulfur battery

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