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季节补偿效应导致2015/2016厄尔尼诺期间北半球未发生明显的碳汇降低

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第1期54卷 294-308页

作者：石芳忠吴秀臣李小雁 Philippe CIAIS 刘鸿雁岳超杨雨亭张树磊彭书时印轶 benjamin POULTER 陈德亮北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室北京100875 北京师范大学地理科学学部北京100875 青海师范大学青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室西宁810016 北京师范大学珠海校区流域环境生态工程研发中心珠海519085 Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement(LSCE) CEA-CNRS-UVSQUMR8212Gif-sur-Yvette 91191France 北京大学城市与环境科学学院地表过程教育部重点实验室北京100871 清华大学水利工程系水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室北京100084 中山大学大气科学学院南方海洋科学与工程广东省重点实验室(珠海) 广州510275 California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA 91125USA Biospheric Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg SE-40530Sweden

厄尔尼诺事件通常在北半球导致广泛的植被生长下降和碳汇降低.然而,基于遥感观测、全球陆地生态系统模型模拟及大气CO_(2)反演多套数据,本研究表明在2015/2016厄尔尼诺成熟阶段,北半球(主要为热带之外的区域)植被普遍持续增绿,陆地碳汇... 详细信息

厄尔尼诺事件通常在北半球导致广泛的植被生长下降和碳汇降低.然而,基于遥感观测、全球陆地生态系统模型模拟及大气CO_(2)反演多套数据,本研究表明在2015/2016厄尔尼诺成熟阶段,北半球(主要为热带之外的区域)植被普遍持续增绿,陆地碳汇未见减弱.研究结果发现,春季植被生长增强对随后的夏季和秋季植被生长有明显的补偿效应,这种补偿效应维持了夏季植被增绿,并导致2015年春季、夏季及2016年春季陆地碳汇略有增加,特别是在生长季前期(前一年的11月至当年的3月)水分供应增加的北半球热带之外的区域.两套独立数据集结果表明,相对于厄尔尼诺事件发生前5年均值, 2015年春季和夏季陆地碳汇分别平均增加23.34%和0.63%, 2016年春季平均增加6.82%.同时,相较于1997/1998厄尔尼诺事件,更强的季节补偿效应有效地缓解了2015/2016年厄尔尼诺事件对植被生长的不利影响.本研究进一步明确,生长季前期的供水对后续植被生长的遗留效应能够持续约6个月.该研究结果凸显了季节补偿效应在应对偶发性极端厄尔尼诺事件时对植被生长和陆地碳汇的调节作用.

关键词：厄尔尼诺季节补偿效应植被增绿陆地碳汇净生态系统交换遗产效应

Integrating high levels of variable renewable energy into electric power systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2017年第6期5卷 831-837页

作者： benjamin KROPOSKI National Renewable Energy Laboratory GoldenCO 80401USA

As more variable renewable energy(VRE)such as wind and solar are integrated into electric power systems,technical challenges arise from the need to maintain the balance between load and generation at all *** paper examines the challenges with integrating ultrahigh levels of VRE into electric power system,reviews a range of solutions to these challenges,and provides a description of several examples of ultra-high VRE systems that are in operation today.

关键词： High penetration Variable renewable energy Grid operation Wind Solar

Can Distributed Ledgers Help to Overcome the Need of Labeled Data for Agricultural Machine Learning Tasks?

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 391-394页

作者： Stefan Paulus benjamin Leiding Institute of Sugar Beet Research Holtenser Landstr.7737079 GöttingenGermany Institute for Software and Systems Engineering TU ClausthalWallstr.638640 GoslarGermany

Introduction Plant phenotyping describes the result of the interaction of genotype with the environment[1].This is performed with high throughput in greenhouses by automated screening systems using different types of imaging and non-imaging sensors[2].The high-throughput imaging routines result in large amounts of data,which require sophisticated processing *** and reusing phenotype-related data are not common,because its acquisition and processing are resource costly and technically intensive[3].

关键词： routine processing throughput

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Presenting as Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Experience from Bangladesh

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 1-12页

作者： Manik Kumar Talukder Kamrul Laila Md. Arif Hossain Md. Shafiqul Islam Md. Zahidul Islam Kalyan benjamin Gomes Mujammel Haque Md. Mahbubul Islam Md. Imnul Islam Department of Paediatrics Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh Health Services Dhaka Bangladesh NICVD Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most common paediatric malignancy, is a heterogeneous hematologic disease. ALL patients may present with isolated and persistent osteo-articular complaints, lower incidence of hepatomegaly, splenomegaly or lymphadenopathy without clear laboratory features, and misdiagnosed as systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA). Methods: This was a single center cross sectional study over a period of 4 years. Clinic laboratory profiles of 39 ALL children were compared with 39 age and sex-matched sJIA cases. Result: Among 39 ALL patients 89.7% were initially misdiagnosed as sJIA upon clinical presentation. Majority (66.7%) of ALL patients had oligo-articular joint involvement. In sJIA, small joints of the hands were most commonly involved. The total WBC count was significantly higher in ALL patients (p-value 0.0065). CRP and LDH values between the two groups showed significant differences (p-value 0.00006 and 0.00001 respectively). Conclusion: The presentation of leukemia with arthralgia or arthritis makes the diagnosis difficult for the physicians. The diagnosis of sJIA must be made with caution keeping the possibility of haematological malignancy in mind.

关键词： ALL sJIA Arthritis Arthralgia Musculoskeletal

Detailed characterization of kHz-rate laser-driven fusion at a thin liquid sheet with a neutron detection suite

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： benjamin M.Knight Connor M.Gautam Colton R.Stoner Bryan V.Egner Joseph R.Smith Chris M.Orban Juan J.Manfredi Kyle D.Frische Michael L.Dexter Enam A.Chowdhury Anil K.Patnaik Department of Engineering Physics Air Force Institute of TechnologyWPAFBOHUSA Physics Department Marietta CollegeMariettaOHUSA Department of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer ScienceThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Intense Energy Solutions LLCPlain CityOHUSA

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 mJ, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(<1 μm) D_2O liquid sheet employing a measurement suite. At relativistic intensity(~ 5 × 10^(18)W/cm^(2))and high repetition rate(1 kHz), the system produces deuterium±deuterium(D-D) fusion, allowing for consistent neutron generation. Evidence of D-D fusion neutron production is verified by a measurement suite with three independent detection systems: an EJ-309 organic scintillator with pulse-shape discrimination, a ~3He proportional counter and a set of 36 bubble detectors. Time-of-flight analysis of the scintillator data shows the energy of the produced neutrons to be consistent with 2.45 MeV. Particle-in-cell simulations using the WarpX code support significant neutron production from D-D fusion events in the laser±target interaction region. This high-repetition-rate laser-driven neutron source could provide a low-cost, on-demand test bed for radiation hardening and imaging applications.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser-driven fusion laser-plasma interaction liquid target neutron detectors

Assessment of Nitrogen Fixation, Uptake, and Leaching in Maize/Soybean Intercropping System at Varied Soil Depths and under Phosphorus Application in Chinese Agricultural Settings

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Organic conjugated polymers and polymer dots as photocatalysts for hydrogen production

Natural Resources（自然资源） 2024年第7期 173页

作者： Bertha Magombo Chunjie Li benjamin Kolie

来源：博看期刊评论

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Frontiers in Energy 2021年第3期15卷 667-677页

作者： Saket MATHUR benjamin ROGERS Wei WEI Mechanical Engineering Department Wichita State UniversityWichita KS 67260USA

Owing to the outstanding characteristics of tailorable electronic and optical properties,semiconducting polymers have attracted considerable attention in recent *** them,organic polymer dots process large breadth of potential synthetic diversity are the representative of photocatalysts for hydrogen production,which presents both an opportunity and a *** this mini-review,first,the organic polymer photocatalysts were ***,recent reports on polymer dots which showed a superior photocatalytic activity and a robust stability under visible-light irradiation,for hydrogen production were ***,challenges and outlook on using organic polymer dots-based photocatalysts from hydrogen production were discussed.

关键词： polymer dots(Pdots) photocatalysis hydrogen production

Bacteriological Profile of Infections Encountered in a Pneumology Service in a Moderate-Income Country [Pneumology Department of CHU Cocody (Côte d’Ivoire)]

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 1-11页

作者： Brou Jean Marcel Ahui Alitonde Eudoxie Djegbeton Alima Kone Marc-Olivier Koffi Kouame Clarisse Elogne Mobio Nancy Hermine benjamin Kouraogo Erick Akouatia Constante Virginie Brou-Gode Kigninlman Horo Boko Alexandre Kouassi Ngoran Koffi Pneumology Service Teaching Hospital of Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Medical School of Abidjan University Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Pasteur Institute of Cô te d’Ivoire Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Infections represent a real public health problem aggravating the morbidity and mortality of hospitalized patients. Methods: This was a retrospective study with descriptive purposes over a period of 05 years, in the Pneumology Department of the University Hospital of Cocody. Results: The average age in our population was 42 years. We observed a male predo- minance of 64.5%, with a sex ratio of 1.8. Medical history was dominated by HIV infection (23.5%), followed by tuberculosis (15.6%). Concerning lifestyle, smoking was found in 38% of cases. Symptoms progressed chronically in 80% of cases. An infectious syndrome was found in 75% of cases. Microbial culture was positive in 42% of cases. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae were encountered in 26.4% of cases each, followed by Echerichia coli in 10.4% of cases. Klebsiella pneumoniae in the first three years topped the list, but gradually. Pseudomonas aeruginosa maintained its leadership over the last three years. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates expressed a resistance rate of 9.8% to ceftazidime and 8.1% to imipenem;to aztreonam (36%), ticarcillin (33.3%) and levofloxacin. These strains were susceptible to fosfomycin (100%), mero- penem (96.6%) and amikacin (96%). For isolated strains of Entero- bacteria- ceae, resistance was observed about ticarcillin (83.3%) and amoxicillin clavula- nic acid (71.2%). Streptococcaceae showed resistance to tetracycline (69.2%) and erythromycin (50%). Over the years there has been an increase in re- sistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid ceftriaxone. The death rate was 14%. Conclusion: The bacterial profile of infections is dominated by germs respon- sible for nosocomial infection with significant mortality.

关键词： Bacterial Pleural Pneumonia Nosocomial Infection Sub-Saharan Africa Antibiotic Therapy

New developments in immunotherapy for lymphoma

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2018年第3期15卷 189-209页

作者： benjamin Heyman Yiping Yang Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy Department of Medicine Department of Immunology Duke University

The development of immunotherapies for lymphoma has undergone a revolutionary evolution over the past decades. Since the advent of rituximab as the first successful immunotherapy for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma over two decades ago, a plethora of new immunotherapeutic approaches to treat lymphoma has ensued. Four of the most exciting classes of immunotherapies include:chimeric antigen receptor T-cells, bispecific antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and vaccines. However, with addition of these novel therapies the appropriate timing of treatment, optimal patient population, duration of therapy, toxicity, and cost must be considered. In this review, we describe the most-promising immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of lymphoma in clinical development, specifically focusing on clinical trials performed to date and strategies for improvement.

关键词： CAR-T cells immune checkpoint blockade bispecific antibodies