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chrysobalanus icaco:A review of its phytochemistry and pharmacology

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第1期19卷 13-19页

作者： Hammed Ayantola Onilude Mutiu Idowu Kazeem Oluwatosin benedict Adu Department of Biochemistry Faculty of ScienceLagos State UniversityOjoLagos 102101Nigeria

The genus chrysobalanus is one of the classes of medicinal plants used in the treatment and management of several *** study is aimed at providing up-to-date information on the phytochemical composition and pharmacological uses of chrysobalanus *** literature on the chrysobalanus species was obtained by searching electronic databases such as Pub Med,Google Scholar and Web of *** the species in this genus,four have been reported in the literature,but only one(***)has been extensively *** is rich in several minerals,including potassium,magnesium,calcium and *** plant also contains a host of phytochemicals,such as flavonoids,diterpenes and triterpenes,which have been shown to have pharmacological *** can be concluded that *** is a good source of phytochemicals that contribute to its therapeutic ***,bioassay-guided isolation of its bioactive compounds is necessary for promoting the development of drugs from this medicinal plant.

关键词： chrysobalanaceae cocoplum Diabetes mellitus Triterpenes Fruit

Single atom and defect engineering of cuO for efficient electrochemical reduction of cO_(2) to c_(2)H_(4)

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SmartMat 2022年第1期3卷 194-205页

作者： Senlin chu changwoo Kang Woonghyeon Park Yu Han Song Hong Leiduan Hao Hao Zhang Tsz Woon benedict Lo Alex W.Robertson Yousung Jung Buxing Han Zhenyu Sun State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina Department of chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea Department of Applied Biology and chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Physics University of WarwickCoventryUK Institute of chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Electrochemical cO_(2) transformation to high‐value ethylene(c_(2)H_(4))at high currents and efficiencies is desired and yet remains a grand *** show for the first time that coupling single Sb atoms and oxygen vacancies of cuO enable synergistic electrocatalytic reduction of cO_(2) to c_(2)H_(4) at low *** dispersed Sb atoms occupying metal substitutional sites of cuO are synthesized under mild *** overall cO_(2) reduction faradaic efficiency(FE)reaches 89.3±1.1%with an FE toward c_(2)H_(4) exceeding 58.4%at a high‐current density of 500 mA/cm^(2).Addition of the p‐block metal is found to induce transformation of cuO from flakes to nanoribbons rich in nanoholes and oxygen vacancies,greatly enhancing cO_(2) adsorption and activation while suppressing hydrogen *** density functional theory calculations with in situ X‐ray diffraction reveal that combining Sb sites and oxygen vacancies prominently lessen the dimerization energy of adsorbed cO intermediate,thus boosting the conversion of cO_(2) to produce c_(2)H_(4).This study provides a new perspective for promoting selective c-c coupling for electrochemical cO_(2) reduction.

关键词： cO_(2)reduction copper oxide electrocatalysis ethylene single sites

Probabilistic Exergoeconomic Analysis of Transcorp Power Plant, Ughelli

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Energy and Power Engineering 2017年第10期9卷 588-613页

作者： Otujevwe Paul Ogbe Nnamdi benedict Anosike Ugochukwu c. Okonkwo Mechanical Engineeering Department Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

In this study, the probabilistic exergoeconomic analysis was performed for four industrial gas turbine (GT) units comprising two (GT16 and GT19) units of 100?MW GE engine and two (GT8 and GT12) units of 25?MW Hitachi engine at Transcorp Power Limited, Ughelli. These four industrial GT engine units were modelled and simulated using natural gas as fuel. The design point (DP) simulation results of the modelled GT engines were validated with the available DP thermodynamic data from original equipment manufacturer (OEM). This was done before the off-design point (ODP) simulation was carried out which represents the plant operations. The results obtained from exergy analysis at full load operation show that the turbine has the highest exergy efficiency followed by compressor and combustion having the least. For turbines these were 96.13% for GT8 unit, 98.02% for GT12 unit, 96.26% for GT16 unit, and 96.30% for GT19 unit. Moreover, the combustion chamber has the highest exergy destruction efficiency of 55.16% GT8 unit, 56.58% GT12 unit, 43.90% GT16 unit, and 43.30% GT19 unit respectively. The exergy analysis results obtained from the four units show that the combustion chamber (cc) is the most significant exergy destruction with lowest exergy efficiency and highest exergy destruction efficiency of plant components. The exergoeconomic analysis results from four units showed combustion chamber exergy destruction cost of 531.08 $/h GT8 unit, 584.53 $/h GT12 unit, 2351.81 $/h GT16, and 2315.93 $/h GT19 unit. The probabilistic results and analysis based on the input parameters distributions?were?evaluated and discussed.

关键词： Exergy Destruction Efficiency Exergoeconomic Exergy cost Rates Part-Load Probabilistic

陆地棉不同品种棉铃内干物质分配与纤维伸长增重的变异

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棉花学报 1990年第2期2卷 52-57页

作者：高璆 c.R.benedict R.J.Kohel 南京农业大学美国得克萨斯A&M大学美国农业部南方作物研究实验室

开花24天内,3个试验品种(TM-1、IM、Lil)的单铃子棉重、壳重处于同步快速增重期。由于子棉增重快于铃壳增重,24天内,单铃子棉经济系数的增加率及铃壳下降率均为42.39～51.9%。开花后25～45天,子棉继续增重,壳重下降的反差使铃壳率继续下... 详细信息

开花24天内,3个试验品种(TM-1、IM、Lil)的单铃子棉重、壳重处于同步快速增重期。由于子棉增重快于铃壳增重,24天内,单铃子棉经济系数的增加率及铃壳下降率均为42.39～51.9%。开花后25～45天,子棉继续增重,壳重下降的反差使铃壳率继续下降16.6～19.3%。这与铃壳内贮藏养分转运子棉有关。TM-1棉铃内养分分配到纤维较多,Lil 较少,IM 居中。纤维长度或重量取决于快速伸长(或增重)期的长短和日伸(增)率的高低。纤维伸长与增重几乎同步进行。当纤维伸长完成之前,纤维已进入快速增重期。至纤维定长时,纤维重已占最后重的50～60%以上。

关键词：陆地棉棉铃纤维伸长增重

Ribavirin induced hemolysis:A novel mechanism of action against chronic hepatitis c virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 16184-16190页

作者： Kaartik Soota benedict Maliakkal Department of Internal Medicine Unity Health SystemRochesterNY 14626United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNY 14642United States

Hepatitis c virus(HcV)is not usually cleared by our immune system,leading to the development of chronic hepatitis c *** HcV induces the production of various cytokines,predominantly by Kupffer cells(Kcs),and creates a pro-inflammatory state in the *** chronic dysregulated production of interferon(IFN)and other cytokines by Kcs also promotes innate immune ***(RBV)monotherapy has been shown to decrease inflammation in liver of patients with chronic hepatitis *** virological response(SVR)is significantly higher when IFN is combined with RBV in chronic HcV(c HcV)***,the mechanism of their synergy remains *** theories have attempted to explain the anti-HcV effect based on direct action of RBV alone on the virus or on the immune system;however,these theories have serious *** propose that hemolysis,which universally occurs with RBV therapy and which is considered a limiting side effect,is precisely the mechanism by which the anti-HcV effect is *** hemolysis results in anti-inflammatory/antiviral actions within the liver that disrupt the innate immune tolerance,leading to the synergy ofRBV with IFN-α.Ribavirin-induced hemolysis floods the hepatocytes and Kcs with heme,which is metabolized and detoxified by heme oxygenase-1(HMOX1)to carbon monoxide(cO),biliverdin and free iron(which induces ferritin).These metabolites of heme possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant ***,HMOX1 plays an extremely important anti-oxidant,anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective role,particularly in Kcs and ***1 has been noted to have anti-viral effects in hepatitis c infected cell ***,it has been shown to enhance the response to IFN-αby restoring interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs).This mechanism can be clinically corroborated by the following observations that have been found in patients undergoing RBV/IFN combination therapy for c HcV:(1)SVR rates are higher in pati

关键词： chronic hepatitis c Therapy Ribavirin Hemolysis He

Probabilistic modeling for an integrated temporary acquired immunity with norovirus epidemiological data

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2019年第1期4卷 99-114页

作者： Emmanuel de-Graft Johnson Owusu-Ansah benedict Barnes Robert Abaidoo Hald Tine Anders Dalsgaard Anders Permin Torben Wilde Schou Department of Mathematics Faculty of Physical and Computational ScienceCollege of ScienceKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Laboratory of Integrated Statistical Applications(LISA) Faculty of Physical and Computational SciencesCollege of ScienceKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Regional Water and Environmental Sanitation center-Kumasi College of EngineeringKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology Faculty of Bio ScienceCollege of ScienceKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Research Group of Genomic Epidemiology National Food InstituteTechnical University of DenmarkKgs LyngbyDenmark Food Safety and Zoonoses Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenStigb€ojlen 41870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Office for Innovation and Sector Services AdministrationTechnical University of DenmarkAnker Engelunds Vej2800 Kgs LyngbyDenmark Environment and Toxicology DHIHorsholmDenmark

Integration of acquired immunity into microbial risk assessment for illness incidence is of no doubt essential for the study of susceptibility to *** this study,a probabilistic model was set up as dose response for infection and a mathematical derivation was carried out by integrating immunity to obtain probability of illness *** acquire immunity from epidemiology studies which includes six different Norovirus transmission scenarios such as symptomatic individuals infectious,pre-and post-symptomatic infectiousness(low and high),innate genetic resistance,genogroup 2 type 4 and those with no immune boosting by asymptomatic infection were *** results on illness inflation factor as a function of dose and exposure indicated that high frequency exposures had immense immunity build up even at high dose levels;hence minimized the probability of *** Norovirus transmission dynamics data,results showed,and immunity included models had a reduction of 2e6 logs of magnitude difference in disease burden for both population and individual probable illness ***,the magnitude order of illness for each dose response remained largely the same for all transmission scenarios;symptomatic infectiousness and no immune boosting after asymptomatic infectiousness also remained the same *** integration of epidemiological data on acquired immunity into the risk assessment,more realistic results were achieved signifying an overestimation of probable risk of illness when epidemiological immunity data are not *** finding supported the call for rigorous integration of temporary acquired immunity in dose-response in all microbial risk assessments.

关键词： Quantitative risk assessment Probabilistic modeling Immunity integrated modeling

Training and learning curves in minimally invasive pancreatic surgery:from simulation to mastery

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Journal of Pancreatology 2020年第2期3卷 101-110页

作者： Haney caelán M. Karadza Emir Limen Eldridge F. de Santibanes Martin Kinny-Köster benedict Müller Philip c. Bintintan Vasile V. Kulu Yakub Hackert Thilo Müller-Stich Beat-Peter Nickel Felix Department of General Visceral and Transplantation SurgeryHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Department of Surgery Hospital Italiano de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina Department of Surgery Clinic Beau-SiteBernSwitzerland Department of Surgery University Hospital Cluj NapocaCluj NapocaRomania

Background:Minimally invasive pancreatic surgery(MIPS)has developed over the last 3 decades and is nowadays experiencing an increased interest from the surgical *** increasing awareness of both the public and the surgical community on patient safety,optimization of training has gained *** implementation of MIPS we propose 3 training *** first phase focuses on developing basic skills and procedure specific skills with the help of simulation,biotissue drills,video libraries,live case observations,and training *** second phase consists of index procedures,fellowships,and proctoring programs to ensure patient safety during the first *** the third phase the surgeons aim is to safely implement the procedure into standard practice while minimizing learning curve related excess morbidity and *** selection,skills assessment,feedback,and mentoring are important methods to optimize this *** residual learning curve can reach up to 100 cases depending on the surgeons’previous experience,selection of cases,and definition of the parameters used to assess the learning *** training and high procedural volume are key to implementing MIPS safely.

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Minimally invasive surgery Robotic surgery Training

A Review of Pediatric cardiovascular Risk Factors and current Guidelines

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World Journal of cardiovascular Surgery 2018年第4期8卷 61-92页

作者： Deeksha Sarma Lawrence M. benedict Achintya Moulick Randy Stevens Vicki Mahan Department of Pediatric cardiothoracic Surgery Drexel University College of Medicine St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children Philadelphia USA

Dyslipidemia is a highly prevalent condition, and includes a collection of diseases that cause increased levels of plasma triglycerides and/or cholestrol, or decreased levels of HDL-c, with a prototypical disease being familial hypercholesterolemia. Dyslipidemic conditions promote increased atherogenesis through the oxidation of lipids by macrophages, and an increased response to injury by the vascular endothelium. This vascular damage, loss of vascular compliance, and overall hardening of arteries lead to sequellae such as cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular events, and aneurysm formation. It has been established that certain risk factors predispose individuals to the sequellae of atherosclerosis, including smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. However, studies show that these risk factors can be seen in children as well. This review aims to assess the effect of these risk factors and demonstrate their effects through adolescence into adulthood.

关键词： cardiovascular Disease Familial Hypercholesterolemia Dyslipidemia Atherosclerosis

Water Flow and Sediment Flux Forecast in the chókwèIrrigation Scheme, Mozambique

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第12期12卷 1089-1122页

作者： Lateiro Salvador De Sousa Raphael Muli Wambua James Messo Raude benedict Mwavu Mutua Division of Agriculture Instituto Superior Politécnico de Gaza Campus Politécnico de Lionde Chókwè-Gaza Province Mozambique Department of Agricultural Engineering Egerton University Nakuru Kenya Soil Water & Environmental Engineering Department Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture & Technology Nairobi Kenya Division of Planning Partnerships Research and Innovation Kibabii University Bungoma Kenya

This study sought to forecast water flow and sediment flux in the scheme as potential contributions for improved management in the chókwè Irrigation Scheme (cIS). Fieldwork data was collected during dry (DS) and wet (WS) seasons. Flow measurement was performed at 9 stations using a calibrated flow meter OTT c31. Water flow and sediment flux from 2004 to 2019 were used. Hydrodynamic forecast simulations were performed using Mann-Kendall test and ARIMA model for determination of temporal trends. Findings suggest higher values during DS for water discharge and sediment flux. Mann-Kendall test for sediment discharge trends was not significant at 95% significance level, except for the Offtake in WS. ARIMA test for the sediment discharges, at the Intake, for DS and WS, sediments were well described by the ARIMA model and gave a good result for the sediments. Good fit between the observed and the predicted ARIMA model was found. ARIMA model for sediment discharge at cIS based on AIc has a good fit for AR (p = 1), whereby, at the Intake the ARIMA p-value was 0.822 and 0.932, for WS and DS, respectively. Whilst in the Offtake, the ARIMA p-value was 0.877 and 0.893, respectively. These results can be used to improve the cIS management, both for water flow and sediment flux.

关键词： Water Flow Sediment Flux Mann-Kendall Test ARIMA Model chókwè Irrigation Scheme