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Methane cracking in molten tin for hydrogen and carbon production—a comparison with homogeneous gas phase process

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 155-166页

作者： Emmanuel Busillo benedetta de Caprariis Maria Paola Bracciale Vittoria Cosentino Martina Damizia Gaetano Iaquaniello Emma Palo Paolo De Filippis Chemical Engineering Department Sapienza University of RomeRome 00184Italy NextChem S.p.A. Rome 00156Italy

Methane cracking is considered a bridge technology between gray and green hydrogen production *** this work an experimental study of methane cracking in molten tin is *** tests were conducted in a quartz reactor(i.d.=1.5 cm,L=20 cm)with capillary injection,varying temperature(950–1070°C),inlet methane flow rate(30–60 mL·min^(-1))and tin height(0–20 cm).The influence of the residence time in the tin and in the headspace on methane conversion and on carbon morphology was *** conversions obtained in tin and in the empty reactor were measured and compared with results of detailed kinetic simulations(CRECK).Furthermore,an expression of a global kinetic constant for methane conversion in tin was also *** highest conversion(65%at Q0=30 mL·min^(-1) and t=1070°C)is obtained for homogeneous gas phase reaction due to the long residence time(70 s),the presence of tin leads to a sharp decrease of residence time(1 s),obtaining a conversion of 35%at 1070°C,thus meaning that tin owns a role in the *** characterization(scanning electron microscopy,Raman)reported a change in carbon toward sheet-like structures and an increase of the carbon structural order in the presence of molten tin media.

关键词： methane cracking molten media H2 production carbon morphology

Multi-User Semantic Communications System with Spectrum Scarcity

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2022年第4期7卷 375-382页

作者： Romano Fantacci benedetta Picano Via di Santa Marta 3 Florence 50139Italy

Nowadays,the emerging paradigm of semantic communications seems to offer an attractive opportunity to improve the transmission reliability and efficiency in new generation communication *** particular,focusing on spectrum scarcity,expected to afflict the upcoming sixth generation(6G)networks,this paper analyses the semantic communications behavior in the context of a cell-dense scenario,in which users belonging to different small base station areas may be allocated on a same channel giving rise to a non-negligible interference that severely affects the communications *** such a context,artificial intelligence methodologies are of paramount importance in order to speed up the switch from traditional communication to the novel semantic communication *** a consequence,a deep-convolution neural networks based encoder-decoder architecture has been exploited here in the definition of the proposed semantic communications ***,extensive numerical simulations have been performed to test the advantages of the proposed framework in different interfering scenarios and in comparison with different traditional or semantic alternatives.

关键词： semantic communication terahertz communications machine learning

Autoimmmune hepatitis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第2期19卷 158-176页

作者： benedetta Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli Giorgina Mieli-Vergani Diego Vergani Epatocentro Ticino&Facoltàdi Scienze Biomediche Universitàdella Svizzera ItalianaLuganoSwitzerland Institute for Research in Biomedicine BellinzonaSwitzerland. King’s College London Faculty of Life Sciences&Medicine at King’s College Hospital LondonUK. Paediatric Liver GI and Nutrition CentreMowatLabsKing’s College HospitalLondonUK. Institute of Liver Studies MowatLabsKing’s College HospitalLondonUK.

Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)is a T-cell mediated,inflammatory liver disease affecting all ages and characterized by female preponderance,elevated serum transaminase and immunoglobulin G levels,positive circulating autoantibodies,and presence of interface hepatitis at liver *** type 1,affecting both adults and children,is defined by positive anti-nuclear and/or antismooth muscle antibodies,while type 2 AIH,affecting mostly children,is defined by positive anti-liver-kidney microsomal type 1 and/or anti-liver cytosol type 1 *** the autoantigens of type 2 AIH are well defined,being the cytochrome P4502D6(CYP2D6)and the formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase(FTCD),in type 1 AIH they remain to be ***-1 predisposition is conferred by possession of the MHC class II HLA DRB1*03 at all ages,while DRB1*04 predisposes to late onset disease;AIH-2 is associated with possession of DRB1*07 and DRB1**** majority of patients responds well to standard immunosuppressive treatment,based on steroid and azathioprine;second-and third-line drugs should be considered in case of intolerance or insufficient *** review offers a comprehensive overview of pathophysiological and clinical aspects of AIH.

关键词： Autoimmune Hepatitis Immunopathophysiology Treatment Genetic Predisposition

Viral hepatitis:Innovations and expectations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第5期28卷 517-531页

作者： Simona Leoni Alberto Casabianca benedetta Biagioni Ilaria Serio Division of Internal Medicine Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic DiseasesIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40138Italy

Viral hepatitis is a significant health problem worldwide,associated with morbidity and *** B,C,D,and occasionally E viruses(HBV,HCV,HDV,and HEV)can evolve in chronic infections,whereas hepatitis A virus(HAV)frequently produces acute self-limiting *** the last years,different studies have been performed to introduce new antiviral *** most important goal in the treatment of viral hepatitis is to avoid chronic liver disease and *** review analyzes currently available therapies,in particular for viruses associated with chronic liver *** focus is especially on HBV and HCV therapies,investigating new drugs already introduced in clinical practice and clinical *** also describe new entry inhibitors,developed for the treatment of chronic HDV and HBV and currently available treatments for *** last drugs introduced have shown important efficacy in HCV,with achievable target HCV elimination by ***,renewed interest in curative HBV therapies has been registered;current nucleotide/nucleoside analogs positively impact liver-related complications,ensuring high safety and *** approaches to HBV cure are based on new antivirals,targeting different steps of the HBV life cycle and immune *** improved knowledge of the HDV life cycle has facilitated the development of some direct-acting agents,as bulevirtide,the first drug conditionally approved in Europe for HDV associated compensated liver *** studies are required to identify a new therapeutic approach in hepatitis E,especially in immunosuppressed patients.

关键词： Viral hepatitis Chronic liver disease Treatments Antiviral Immunotherapy Vaccination

Applications of endoscopic ultrasound elastography in pancreatic diseases: From literature to real life

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第9期28卷 909-917页

作者： Clara benedetta Conti Giacomo Mulinacci Raffaele Salerno Marco Emilio Dinelli Roberto Grassia Interventional Endoscopy Unit ASST MonzaOspedale San GerardoMonza 20900Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit ASST Fatebenefratelli-SaccoMilan 20121Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit ASST CremonaCremona 26100Italy

Elastography is a non-invasive method widely used to measure the stiffness of the tissues,and it is available in most endoscopic ultrasound machines,using either qualitative or quantitative *** ultrasound elastography is a tool that should be applied to obtain a complementary evaluation of pancreatic diseases,together with other imaging tests and clinical *** can be informative,especially when studying pancreatic masses and help the clinician in the differential diagnosis between benign or malignant ***,further studies are necessary to standardize the method,increase the reproducibility and establish definitive cut-offs to distinguish between benign and malignant pancreatic ***,even if promising,elastography still provides little information in the evaluation of benign conditions.

关键词： Elastography Pancreas Pancreatic stiffness Pancreatitis Pancreatic cancer Endosonography Endoscopic ultrasound Quantitative elastography Strain elastography Pancreatic diseases

Restaging rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第5期15卷 700-712页

作者： Dajana Cuicchi Giovanni Castagna Stefano Cardelli Cristina Larotonda benedetta Petrello Gilberto Poggioli Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Surgery of the Alimentary TractIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40138Italy

Correct tumour restaging is pivotal for identifying the most personalised surgical treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy,and works to avoid both poor oncological outcome and *** rectal examination,endoscopy,and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging are the recommended modalities for local tumour restaging,while chest and abdominal computed tomography are utilised for the assessment of distant *** optimal length of time between neoadjuvant treatment and restaging,in terms of both oncological safety and clinical effectiveness of treatment,remains unclear,especially for patients receiving prolonged total neoadjuvant *** timely identification of patients who are radioresistant and at risk of disease progression remains challenging.

关键词： Locally advanced rectal cancer Restaging Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging Endorectal ultrasound Computed tomography scan Colonoscopy

Translational aspects of themodern genetics in head and neck cancers

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BIOCELL 2022年第8期46卷 1827-1835页

作者： FRANCESCO PADUANO EMANUELA ALTOMARE benedetta MARRELLI VINCENZO DATTILO HAIZAL MOHD HUSSAINI PAUL ROY COOPER MARCO TATULLO Marrelli Health-Tecnologica Research Institute Biomedical SectionStem Cells and Medical Genetics UnitsCrotone88900Italy University“Magna Graecia”of Catanzaro Catanzaro88600Italy Fondazione“Massimo Marrelli” Crotone88900Italy Genetics Unit IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio FatebenefratelliBrescia20125Italy Sir John Walsh Research Institute Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OtagoDunedin9054New Zealand Department of Basic Medical Sciences Neurosciences and Sense OrgansUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroBari70124Italy

Oral cancer(OC)is one of the most recurrent cancers in the head and neck squamous cancer(SCCHN)***,the genome-wide association studies(GWAS)have gained growing interest in the scientific *** have identified several pathways involved in the interactions among general risk factors and genomic variants affecting *** systematic overview aims to critically evaluate the latest data reported within the scientific *** aim was to investigate the impact of genetic aspects on SCCHN onset and prognosis,involving other clinical and systemic ***,Google Scholar,and Cancer Genetics Web databases have been systematically investigated for original articles published in the last two years,reporting studies on the main queries addressed in this *** review also comparatively describes the impact of environmental and pathological co-factors in different types of cancers,clarifying and updating the role of genetic factors in SCCHN onset and *** main outcomes reported may be helpful to drive clinicians towards their clinical evaluations for the most appropriate therapeutic approach in SCCHN.

关键词： Genome-wide association studies(GWAS) Oral cancer(OC) Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) OSCC of the head and neck(SCCHN) Oral and pharyngeal cancer(OPC)

Federated learning framework for mobile edge computing networks

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2020年第1期5卷 15-21页

作者： Romano Fantacci benedetta Picano Department of Information Engineering University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly

The continuous growth of smart devices needing processing has led to moving storage and computation from cloud to the network edges,giving rise to the edge computing *** to the limited capacity of edge computing nodes,the presence of popular applications in the edge nodes results in significant improvements in users’satisfaction and service ***,the high variability in the content requests makes prediction demand not trivial and,typically,the majority of the classical prediction approaches require the gathering of personal users’information at a central unit,giving rise to many users’privacy *** this context,federated learning gained attention as a solution to perform learning procedures from data disseminated across multiple users,keeping the sensitive data *** study applies federated learning to the demand prediction problem,to accurately forecast the more popular application types in the *** proposed framework reaches high accuracy levels on the predicted applications demand,aggregating in a global and weighted model the feedback received by users,after their local *** validity of the proposed approach is verified by performing a virtual machine replica copies and comparison with the alternative forecasting approach based on chaos theory and deep learning.

关键词： prediction forecasting framework

Overview of the CHILL-ICE 2021 Science Experiments and Research Campaign

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Space(Science & Technology) 2022年第1期2022卷 27-35页

作者： David J.K.Smith Charlotte R.Pouwels Marc Heemskerk benedetta M.Cattani Esther Konijnenberg Robert Heemskerk Sebasthian Ogalde ICEE Space Netherlands EuroMoonMars An Initiative of ILEWG(International Lunar Exploration Working GroupThe Netherlands)Netherlands Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Netherlands Lunar Zebro Delft University of TechnologyNetherlands Heemskerk Innovative Technology Netherlands

The main objective of the CHILL-ICE(Construction of a Habitat Inside a Lunar-analogue Lava tube—Iceland;a campaign by ICEE Space and EuroMoonMars)prototype mission was to deploy an inflatable habitat and its systems inside a lunar analogue lava *** took place during an 8-hour extra vehicular activity(EVA)with three analogue astronauts as part of a threeday ***-ICE 2021 was carried out in July/August 2021 and consisted of two missions and was accomplished through successful collaboration of nonprofit research organizations,agencies,companies,and universities across 16 *** pilot campaign successfully reached its main objective:the testing of emergency equipment designed to help astronauts survive when first arriving to a new celestial body and to perform experiments similar to those that would be carried out *** article is a review of the scientific research experiments carried out during and after the mission:SpotNet,an artificial intelligence(AI)astronaut detection vision system;training for studies of the geological surroundings examined during EVAs;astronaut vigilance experiments carried out before,during,and after the mission;and Lunar Zebro,a legged rover intended to assist the crew in traversing and exploring harsh terrain.

关键词： ICE companies planet