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Retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection by growth factors and exosomes:lessons from mesenchymal stem cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第2期13卷 228-229页

作者： ben mead Stanislav Tomarev Section of retinal ganglion cell biology laboratory of retinal cell and molecular biologynational eye institutenational institutes of healthBethesdaMDUSA

Retinal ganglions cells （RGCs） are responsible for propagating electrochemical information from the eye to the brain along their axons which make up the optic nerve. The loss of RGCs is characteristic in several conditions such as glaucoma and trau- matic optic neuropathy and leads to visual loss and blindness. While no therapy exists to directly treat RGCs, the use of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） has shown promise in eliciting significant RGC neuroprotection.

关键词： BMSCs Retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection by growth factors and exosomes lessons from mesenchymal stem cells PDGFR

Extracellular vesicles as a potential therapeutic for age-related macular degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第9期18卷 1876-1880页

作者： Lorraine L.C.Chow ben mead School of Optometry and Vision Sciences Cardiff UniversityCardiffUK

Age-related macular degeneration is a major global cause of central visual impairment and seve re vision *** an aging population,the already immense economic burden of costly anti-vascular endothelial growth fa ctor treatment is likely to *** addition,current conventional treatment is only available for the late neovascular stage of age-related macular degeneration,and injections can come with potentially devastating complications,introducing the need for more economical and ris kfree *** recent years,exosomes,which are nano-sized extracellular vesicles of an endocytic origin,have shown immense potential as diagnostic biomarkers and in the therapeutic application,as they are bestowed with characte ristics including an expansive cargo that closely resembles their parent cell and exceptional ability of intercellular communication and targeting neighboring *** are currently undergoing clinical trials for various conditions such as type 1 diabetes and autoimmune diseases;however,exosomes as a potential therapy for seve ral retinal diseases have just begun to undergo scrutinizing investigation with little literature on age-related macular degeneration *** article will focus on the limited literature availa ble on exosome transplantation treatment in age-related macular degeneration animal models and in vitro cell cultures,as well as briefly identify future research *** literature on exosome therapy using agerelated macular degeneration rodent models includes laser retinal injury,N-methyl-N-nitrosourea,and royal college of surgeon models,which mimic inflammatory and degenerative aspects of agerelated macular *** have shown promising results in preserving retinal function and morphology,as well as protecting photoreceptors from *** from their respective cellular origins may also act by regulating the expression of various inflammatory cyto kines,mRNAs,and proteins involved in photo

关键词： age-related macular degeneration exosomes extracellular vesicles miRNA neuroprotection photoreceptors retina retinal pigment epithelium

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection and axon regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第3期10卷 371-373页

作者： ben mead ben A.Scheven Neurotrauma Research Group Neurobiology SectionSchool of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity of Birmingham School of Dentistry University of Birmingham

Retinal ganglion cells （RGCs） are responsible for propagat- ing signals derived from visual stimuli in the eye to the brain, along their axons within the optic nerve to the superior colliculus, lateral geniculate nucleus and visu- al cortex of the brain. Damage to the optic nerve either through trauma, such as head injury, or degenerative dis- ease, such as glaucoma causes irreversible loss of function through degeneration of non-regenerating RGC axons and death of irreplaceable RGCs, ultimately leading to blindness （Berry et al., 2008）. The degeneration of RGCs and their axons is due to the loss of the necessary source of retrogradely transported neurotrophic factors （NTFs） being hindered by axonal injury. NTFs are survival factors for neurons and play a pivotal part in axon regeneration. Stem cells particularly mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） have been shown to possess a natural intrinsic capacity for paracrine support, releasing multiple signalling mol- ecules including NTFs. By transplanting MSCs into the vitreous, they are positioned adjacent to the injured reti- na to provide paracrine-mediated therapy for the retinal neuronal cells （Johnson et al., 2010a; mead et al., 2013）. Additionally, MSCs may be pre-differentiated into sup- portive glial-like cells, such as Schwann cells, which could further increase their potential for paracrine support of injured neurons （Martens et al., 2013）. Thus, MSCs have received considerable attention as a new cellular therapy for both traumatic and degenerative eye disease, acting as an alternative source of NTFs, protecting injured RGCs and promoting regeneration of their axons （Figure 1）.

关键词： DPSCs RGCs BMSCs stem Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection and axon regeneration cell

Dental pulp stem cells, a paracrine-mediated therapy for the retina

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第6期9卷 577-578页

作者： ben mead Ann Logan Martin Berry Wendy Leadbeater ben A. Scheven Neurotrauma and Neurodegeneration Section School of Clinical and Exper-imental Medicine University of Birmingham School of Dentistry University of Birmingham

Author contributions： mead B was responsible for study conception and design, collection and^or assembly of data, data analysis and interpretation and manuscript writing. Logan A participated in study conception and design, data analysis and interpretation and manuscript writing. Berry M was responsible for manuscript writing. Scheven BA was in charge of study conception and design, data analysis and interpretation and manuscript writing. Leadbeater W participated in study conception and design, data analysis and interpretation and manuscript writing. All authors approved the final version of this paper.

关键词： stem cell DPSCs RGCs a paracrine-mediated therapy for the retina Dental pulp stem cells BMSCs

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ITIL的力量

IT经理世界 2006年第1期9卷 78-79页

作者： ben Worthen 周慧洁

ITIL给了CIO一个管理IT部门的流程和核心框架。 2002年初,美国最大的两家林业产品和包装公司mead和Westvaco合并,时任mead公司过程开发部副主管的 Jim McGrane被任命为新公司的CIO,并被委以重任——以SAP的系统为载体,整合拥有72亿美元... 详细信息

ITIL给了CIO一个管理IT部门的流程和核心框架。 2002年初,美国最大的两家林业产品和包装公司mead和Westvaco合并,时任mead公司过程开发部副主管的 Jim McGrane被任命为新公司的CIO,并被委以重任——以SAP的系统为载体,整合拥有72亿美元资产的meadWestvaco 公司。4年前,McGrane曾经重新设计过 mead公司的订单管理和财务流程,在流程重组上,他有着丰富的经验,所以理所应当承担起了这项极富挑战的新工作。

关键词： ITIL 企业信息系统企业管理 CIO 帮助台

经济政策不确定性在国际间的动态溢出效应——基于方向性溢出模型的实证研究

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商业研究 2019年第3期 95-104页

作者：向古月周先平谭本艳中南财经政法大学金融学院武汉430073 三峡大学经济与管理学院湖北宜昌443002

本文利用Baker et al.(2016)经济政策不确定性指数(BBD Index)和Diebold and Yilmaz (2012)方向性溢出模型(Directional Spillovers)构造"四国经济系统",对经济政策不确定性在国际间的动态溢出效应进行静态分析、比较静态分析和动态分... 详细信息

本文利用Baker et al.(2016)经济政策不确定性指数(BBD Index)和Diebold and Yilmaz (2012)方向性溢出模型(Directional Spillovers)构造"四国经济系统",对经济政策不确定性在国际间的动态溢出效应进行静态分析、比较静态分析和动态分析。静态分析结果显示,各经济体政策不确定性的变动中有超过1/5来源于其他经济体的溢出;比较静态分析结果显示,经济系统内总溢出效应逐步增强,前金融危机时期为18. 09%,金融危机时期为29. 81%,经济复苏时期为33. 58%;动态分析结果显示,经济政策不确定性动态溢出的规模可能同国内政治周期和货币政策周期有关,米德冲突可能是主要传导渠道之一,美国、欧洲和日本应当为大部分溢出效应负责,中国是最大受害者之一。上述结论表明,我国应继续推进全面深化改革,加快浮动汇率制度改革,提高货币政策独立性。

关键词：经济政策不确定性动态溢出效应方向性溢出模型米德冲突

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基于单纯形法的人工蜂群算法改进研究

广西师范学院学报（自然科学版） 2014年第3期31卷 90-98页

作者：罗琨杨磊查本波林玉狮广西师范学院计算机与信息工程学院广西南宁530001

人工蜂群算法中的侦察蜂阶段的搜索操作在一定程度上可以解决算法陷入局部最优的问题,但也和其他启发式优化算法一样,存在着局部搜索能力差,在接近最优解时搜索效率下降,以及求解复杂问题时可能陷入局部最优而使算法停滞等缺陷。为了改... 详细信息

人工蜂群算法中的侦察蜂阶段的搜索操作在一定程度上可以解决算法陷入局部最优的问题,但也和其他启发式优化算法一样,存在着局部搜索能力差,在接近最优解时搜索效率下降,以及求解复杂问题时可能陷入局部最优而使算法停滞等缺陷。为了改善此缺陷,采用NM算法来取代人工蜂群算法侦察蜂阶段的随机产生个体机制,提出了一种基于NM算法的改进人工蜂群算法(NMABC)。希望基于NM算法优异的局部搜寻能力,改善人工蜂群算法局部搜索能力较差之缺陷并提高搜索效率。

关键词：人工蜂群算法单纯形法侦查蜂

草地培育措施对重度退化亚高山草甸植被特征的影响

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草原与草坪 2014年第1期34卷 74-80页

作者：冯忠心吴建平史静王生文武慧娟陈本建甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心甘肃兰州730070

为研究草地培育措施对重度退化亚高山草甸植被群落结构特征的影响,分别以补播、施磷肥和划破草皮3个因素的不同组合方式对退化亚高山草甸、天然草地进行草地培育。结果表明:各草地培育措施对改善草地植被群落结构的效果不同。补播可提... 详细信息

为研究草地培育措施对重度退化亚高山草甸植被群落结构特征的影响,分别以补播、施磷肥和划破草皮3个因素的不同组合方式对退化亚高山草甸、天然草地进行草地培育。结果表明:各草地培育措施对改善草地植被群落结构的效果不同。补播可提高补播草种所在群落的优势地位,划破草皮使良等牧草居于优势地位,施磷肥对草地植被群落结构影响不大,效果最差。补播+划破草皮改善优等牧草和良等牧草在草地植被结构中的效果比补播更显著,使优等牧草和良等牧草居于优势地位,补播+划破草皮的良等牧草优势地位与划破草皮相比有所降低。综合各项指标,补播+划破草皮+施磷肥的草地培育效果最优。

关键词：草地培育植被恢复功能群

Search for the doubly charmed baryon ■

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第2期63卷 8-22页

作者： R.Aaij C.Abellán Beteta T.Ackernley B.Adeva M.Adinolfi H.Afsharnia C.A.Aidala S.Aiola Z.Ajaltouni S.Akar P.Albicocco J.Albrecht F.Alessio M.Alexander A.Alfonso Albero G.Alkhazov P.Alvarez Cartelle A.A.Alves Jr S.Amato Y.Amhis L.An L.Anderlini G.Andreassi M.Andreotti F.Archilli J.Arnau Romeu A.Artamonov M.Artuso K.Arzymatov E.Aslanides M.Atzeni B.Audurier S.Bachmann J.J.Back S.Baker V.Balagura W.Baldini A.Baranov R.J.Barlow S.Barsuk W.Barter M.Bartolini F.Baryshnikov G.Bassi V.Batozskaya B.Batsukh A.Battig V.Battista A.Bay M.Becker F.Bedeschi I.Bediaga A.Beiter L.J.Bel V.Belavin S.Belin N.Beliy V.Bellee K.Belous I.Belyaev G.bencivenni E.ben-Haim S.benson S.Beranek A.Berezhnoy *** D.Berninghoff H.C.Bernstein E.Bertholet A.Bertolin C.Betancourt F.Betti M.O.Bettler Ia.Bezshyiko S.Bhasin J.Bhom M.S.Bieker S.Bifani P.Billoir A.Birnkraut A.Bizzeti M.Bjφrn M.P.Blago T.Blake F.Blanc S.Blusk D.Bobulska V.Bocci O.Boente Garcia T.Boettcher A.Boldyrev A.Bondar N.Bondar S.Borghi M.Borisyak M.Borsato J.T.Borsuk T.J.V.Bowcock C.Bozzi S.Braun A.Brea Rodriguez M.Brodski J.Brodzicka A.Brossa Gonzalo D.Brundu E.Buchanan A.Buonaura C.Burr A.Bursche J.S.Butter J.Buytaert W.Byczynski S.Cadeddu H.Cai R.Calabrese S.Cali R.Calladine M.Calvi M.Calvo Gomez A.Camboni P.Campana D.H.Campora Perez L.Capriotti A.Carbone G.Carboni R.Cardinale A.Cardini P.Carniti K.Carvalho Akiba A.Casais Vidal G.Casse M.Cattaneo G.Cavallero R.Cenci J.Cerasoli M.G.Chapman M.Charles Ph.Charpentier G.Chatzikonstantinidis M.Chefdeville V.Chekalina C.Chen S.Chen A.Chernov S.-G.Chitic V.Chobanova M.Chrzaszcz A.Chubykin P.Ciambrone M.F.Cicala X.Cid Vidal G.Ciezarek F.Cindolo P.E.L.Clarke M.Clemencic H.V.Cliff J.Closier J.L.Cobbledick V.Coco J.A.B.Coelho J.Cogan E.Cogneras L.Cojocariu P.Collins T.Colombo A.Comerma-Montells A.Contu N.Cooke G.Coombs S.Coquereau G.Corti C.M.Costa Sobral B.Couturier D.C.Craik J.Crkovska A.Crocombe M.Cruz Torres R.Currie C.L.Da Silva E.Dall'Occo J.Dalseno C.D'Ambrosio A.Danilina P.d'Argent A.Davis O.De Aguiar Francisco K.De Bruyn S.De Capua M Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas(CBPF) Rio de JaneiroBrazil Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ) Rio de JaneiroBrazil Center for High Energy Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Institute Of High Energy Physics(IHEP) BeijingChina Institute of Particle Physics Central China Normal UniversityWuhanHubeiChina Univ.Grenoble Alpes Univ.Savoie Mont BlancCNRSIN2P3-LAPPAnnecyFrance Universite Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3LPCClermont-FerrandFrance Aix Marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3CPPMMarseilleFrance LAL Univ.Paris-SudCNRS/IN2P3Universite Paris-SaclayOrsayFrance LPNHE Sorbonne Universite Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cite CNRS/IN2P3ParisFrance I.Physikalisches Institut RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Fakultat Physik Technische Universitat DortmundDortmundGermany Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik(MPIK) HeidelbergGermany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany School of Physics University College DublinDublinIreland INFN Sezione di Bari BariItaly INFN Sezione di Bologna BolognaItaly INFN Sezione di Ferrara FerraraItaly INFN Sezione di Firenze FirenzeItaly INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati FrascatiItaly INFN Sezione di Genova GenovaItaly INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca MilanoItaly INFN Sezione di Milano MilanoItaly INFN Sezione di Cagliari MonserratoItaly INFN Sezione di Padova PadovaItaly INFN Sezione di Pisa PisaItaly INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata RomaItaly INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza RomaItaly Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics AmsterdamNetherlands Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam AmsterdamNetherlands Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences KrakowPoland AGH-University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer ScienceKrakowPoland Natio

A search for the doubly charmed baryon ■^+cc is performed through its decay to theΛ^+c K^-π^+ final state,using proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of 7,8 and 13 *** data correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb^-*** significant signal is observed in the mass range from 3.4 to 3.8 GeV/c^*** limits are set at 95%credibility level on the ratio of the ■^+cc production cross-section times the branching fraction to that ofΛ^+c and ■^++cc *** limits are determined as functions of the ■^+cc mass for different lifetime hypotheses,in the rapidity range from 2.0 to 4.5 and the transverse momentum range from 4 to 15 GeV/c.

关键词： charmed baryons limits on production of particles charmed quarks experimental tests