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Use of shear wave elastography for the diagnosis and follow-up of biliary atresia: A meta-analysis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第32期28卷 4725-4739页

作者： Ellen S Wagner Hussien Ahmed H Abdelgawad Meghan Landry belal asfour Mark B Slidell Ruba Azzam Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionThe University of Chicago MedicineComer Children’s HospitalChicagoIL 60637United States Department of Medicine Zagazig UniversityZagazig 44511EgyptEgypt Department of Pediatrics The University of Chicago MedicineComer Children’s HospitalChicagoIL 60637United States Graduate School of Professional Education-Biomedical Informatics University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637United States Department of Surgery The University of Chicago MedicineComer Children’s HospitalChicagoIL 60637United States

BACKGROUND Timely differentiation of biliary atresia(BA)from other infantile cholestatic diseases can impact patient ***,non-invasive staging of fibrosis after Kasai hepatoportoenterostomy has not been widely *** wave elastography is an ultrasound modality that detects changes in tissue *** authors propose that the utility of elastography in BA can be elucidated through meta-analysis of existing *** To assess the utility of elastography in:(1)BA diagnosis,and(2)post-Kasai fibrosis *** A literature search identified articles that evaluated elastography for BA diagnosis and for post-Kasai *** studies met criteria for meta-analysis:Eleven for diagnosis and nine for follow-up *** diagnostic odds ratio(DOR),sensitivity,and specificity of elastography were calculated through a random-effects model using Meta-DiSc *** Mean liver stiffness in BA infants at diagnosis was significantly higher than in non-BA,with overall DOR 24.61,sensitivity 83%,and specificity 79%.Post-Kasai,mean liver stiffness was significantly higher in BA patients with varices than in patients without,with DOR 16.36,sensitivity 85%,and specificity 76%.Elastography differentiated stage F4 fibrosis from F0-F3 with DOR of 70.03,sensitivity 96%,and specificity 89%.Elastography also differentiated F3-F4 fibrosis from F0-F2 with DOR of 24.68,sensitivity 85%,and specificity 81%.CONCLUSION Elastography has potential as a non-invasive modality for BA diagnosis and surveillance *** paper’s limitations include inter-study method heterogeneity and small sample ***,standardized,multi-center studies are recommended.

关键词： Biliary atresia Cholestasis Hepatic portoenterostomy Fibrosis Esophageal and gastric varices Elasticity imaging techniques

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Effect of Look-Ahead Depth in Evolutionary Checkers

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2012年第5期27卷 996-1006页

作者： belal Al-Khateeb Graham Kendall College of Computer Al-Anbar UniversityRamadiIraq School of Computer Science The University of NottinghamNottinghamU.K

It is intuitive that allowing a deeper search into a game tree will result in a superior player to one that is restricted in the depth of the search that it is allowed to make. Of course, searching deeper into the tree comes at increased computational cost and this is one of the trade-offs that has to be considered in developing a tree-based search algorithm. There has been some discussion as to whether the evaluation function, or the depth of the search, is the main contributory factor in the performance of an evolved checkers player. Some previous research has investigated this question （on Chess and Othello）, with differing conclusions. This suggests that different games have different emphases, with respect to these two factors. This paper provides the evidence for evolutionary checkers, and shows that the look-ahead depth （like Chess, perhaps unsurprisingly） is important. This is the first time that such an intensive study has been carried out for evolutionary checkers and given the evidence provided for Chess and Othello this is an important study that provides the evidence for another game. We arrived at our conclusion by evolving various checkers players at different ply depths and by playing them against one another, again at different ply depths. This was combined with the two-move ballot （enabling more games against the evolved players to take place） which provides strong evidence that depth of the look-ahead is important for evolved checkers players.

关键词： evolutionary Checkers look-ahead depth neural network

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Trophic functioning of macrobenthic fauna in a tropical acidified Bornean estuary(Southeast Asia)

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第1期34卷 48-57页

作者： Mohammad belal Hossain Department of Fisheries and Marine Science Noakhali Science and Technology University

The trophic structure of a community is used to infer ecosystem functioning(e.g. energy transfer and nutrient cycling). Here the trophic structure of the benthic infaunal and epifaunal communities in the Brunei Estuary are characterized, and their distribution along an estuarine pH gradient is analyzed using univariate and multivariate techniques. This analysis revealed that surface deposit feeders(e.g., polychaetes) were numerically dominant within the infaunal communities whereas in the epifaunal communities filter feeders(e.g., bivalves) were highly abundant. Species richness for almost all trophic groups increased toward the lower estuary, except for omnivores in the epifaunal communities, which decreased markedly. Both Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) and Analysis of Similarities(ANOSIM) detected significant differences in the density of respective trophic groups among stations. Within infaunal communities, both Biological and Environmental procedure(BIO-ENV) and Canonical Correspondence Analysis(CCA) showed that trophic shifts were associated with environmental gradients. Surface-deposit feeders and omnivores were the most abundant macrobenthos of the upper estuary characterized by low salinity, low pH, and a higher percentage of mud particles. The proportion of filter feeders and carnivores increased with salinity/pH and sand. A more uniform distribution of trophic structure was found in the lower estuary, with high salinity and pH over sandy habitat. In contrast, within epifaunal trophic groups,the percentage of surface deposit feeders and omnivores declined, but filter feeders remarkably increased toward the sea. The proportion of carnivores remained similar at all stations. Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling(nMDS) ordination for epifaunal trophic groups clearly demarcated higher salinity/pH stations from lower salinity/pH stations, suggesting different trophic compositions along the estuarine pH gradient.

关键词： Macrobenthic communities Trophic structure Environmental factors Acidity Tropical estuary

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Comparative Study of Different Decoupling Schemes for TITO Binary Distillation Column via PI Controller

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2018年第4期5卷 869-877页

作者： Mohamed Hamdy Abdalhady Ramadan belal Abozalam Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering Department Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf-23952Egypt Badr Petroleum Company(BAPETCO) CairoEgypt

This paper presents a comparative study of different decoupling control schemes for a two-input, two-output(TITO) binary distillation column via proportional-integral(PI)controller. The key idea behind this paper is designing two novel fuzzy decoupling schemes that depend on human knowledge,instead of the system mathematical model used in conventional decoupling schemes. Based on conventional and inverted decoupling schemes, fuzzy and inverted fuzzy decoupling schemes are developed. The control effect is compared using simulation results for the proposed two schemes with conventional decoupling and inverted decoupling. The proposed fuzzy decoupling schemes are easy to realize and simple to design, besides they have a good decoupling capability. Two methods are used to prove asymptotic stability of each loop and the entire closed-loop system by applying the proposed fuzzy decoupling-based PI *** Wood and Berry model of a binary distillation column is used to illustrate the applicability of the proposed schemes.

关键词： Binary distillation column conventional decoupling fuzzy decoupling proportional-integral(PI) controller stability analysis

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Assessment of Seismic Damage in Nativity Church in Bethlehem Using Pushover Analysis

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2021年第4期15卷 349-366页

作者： belal Almassri Ali Safiyeh Civil and Architectural Engineering Department College of EngineeringPalestine Polytechnic UniversityHebronPalestine Civil Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringNajjah National UniversityNablusPalestine

This study focuses on advanced finite element(FE)analyses on The Church of Nativity located in Bethlehem(Palestine),one of the most historic structures in the *** ensure the model quality,a 3D FE model was created using two types of typical commercial software,DIANA FEA and *** analyses,one of the expected behaviors for this kind of masonry structure“low modal period”was *** seismic behavior of the church was studied using pushover analyses,which were conducted using DIANA *** first unidirectional mass proportional load pattern was created in both directions,X-direction as a longitudinal direction and Y-direction as the transversal *** incremental iterative procedure was used with monotonically increasing horizontal loads,using constant gravity *** results showed that the transversal direction is the most vulnerable and the damage concentrates at the main lateral(longitudinal)walls,mainly at the south and north alignment walls,and also at the vaults and at the connections of the vaults to the *** width was at the upper limit in the in-plane direction(X-direction).While,in Y-direction,it exceeded the limits of IBC code in width and length with a maximum width of 13.7 mm.A more accurate nonlinear dynamic analysis is recommended in the near future,which takes into account the material nonlinearity for more reasonable seismic behavior simulation.

关键词： Masonry seismic assessment FE model non-linear analysis DIANA FEA SAP 2000

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Catalyst-controlled regiodivergent 1,2-difunctionalization of alkenes with two carbon-based electrophiles

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第3期65卷 514-520页

作者： Md.belal Zheqi Li Lei Zhu Guoyin Yin Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Institute of Biomedical Materials Industry Technology Hubei Engineering UniversityWuhan 430074China

Regiodivergent catalysis provides an efficient strategic approach for the construction of architecturally different molecules from the same starting materials. In this field, the intermolecular regiodivergent 1,2-difunctionalization of alkenes with two electrophiles is still a challenging task. A ligand-controlled, nickel-catalyzed regiodivergent dicarbofunctionalization of alkenes using both aryl/vinyl halides and acetals as electrophiles under mild reductive reaction conditions has been accomplished. This study provides a general approach to accessing both β-methoxyl esters and γ-methoxyl esters from readily available acrylates,aryl halides and acetals. Experimental mechanistic evidence supports that the difference in regioselective outcomes is attributed to the ligand tuning the reactivity of the nickel catalyst, which results in different catalytic cycles operating for these two reaction conditions.

关键词： divergent catalysis difunctionalization of alkenes regioselectivity carbon electrophiles nickel catalysis

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Recent advances in the synthesis of 1,1-diarylalkanes by transitionmetal catalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2021年第4期64卷 513-533页

作者： Md.belal Zheqi Li Xiuqiang Lu Guoyin Yin The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Ocean Science and Biochemistry Engineering Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350300China

1,1-Diaryl moieties are core structures in a wide range of bioactive and pharmaceutical ***-metal catalysis is a convenient approach to accessing these invaluable compounds affording high yields and *** review summarizes 1,1-diarylalkanes synthesis through transition metal *** focus is given to recent developments,such as reductive cross-electrophile couplings,benzylic C–H bond arylation,transformations involving metal migration,asymmetric hydrogenation of 1,1-diarylalkenes and three-component coupling reactions.

关键词： transition metal catalysis 1,1-diarylalkanes

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Complex impedance and electric modulus studies of magnetic ceramic Ni_(0.27)Cu_(0.10)Zn_(0.63)Fe_(2)O_(4)

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2015年第3期4卷 217-225页

作者： M.belal HOSSEN A.K.M.AKTHER HOSSAIN Department of Physics Chittagong University of Engineering and TechnologyChittagongBangladesh Department of Physics Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDhakaBangladesh

The electrical properties of Ni_(0.27)Cu_(0.10)Zn_(0.63)Fe_(2)O_(4)(NCZF)prepared from auto combustion synthesis of ferrite powders have been studied by impedance and modulus *** studied frequency and temperature dependencies of impedance and electric modulus of NCZF in a wide frequency range(20 Hz-5 MHz)at different measuring temperatures T_(SM)(30-225℃).The complex impedance spectra clearly showed both grain and grain boundary effects on the electrical *** observed impedance spectra indicated that the magnitude of grain boundary resistance R_(gb) becomes more prominent compared to grain resistance R_(b) at room temperature,and with the increase in T_(SM),R_(gb) decreases faster than the intrinsic R_(b).The frequency response of the imaginary part of impedance showed relaxation behavior at every T_(SM),and the relaxation frequency variation with T_(SM) appeared to be of Arrhenius nature and the activation energy has been estimated to be 0.37 eV.A complex modulus spectrum was used to understand the mechanism of the electrical transport process,which indicated that a non-Debye type of conductivity relaxation characterizes this material.

关键词： ferrimagnetic ceramics impedance spectroscopy electric modulus temperature dependence

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Rock Hyraxes Swarm Optimization: A New Nature-Inspired Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 643-654页

作者： belal Al-Khateeb Kawther Ahmed Maha Mahmood Dac-Nhuong Le College of Computer Science and Information Technology University of AnbarRamadiIraq General Directorate of Scientific Welfare Ministry of Youth and SportBaghdadIraq Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan UniversityDanang550000Vietnam Faculty of Information Technology Duy Tan UniversityDanang550000Vietnam

This paper presents a novel metaheuristic algorithm called Rock Hyraxes Swarm Optimization(RHSO)inspired by the behavior of rock hyraxes swarms in *** RHSO algorithm mimics the collective behavior of Rock Hyraxes to find their eating and their special way of looking at this *** hyraxes live in colonies or groups where a dominant male watch over the colony carefully to ensure their safety leads the ***-eight(22 unimodal and 26 multimodal)test functions commonly used in the optimization area are used as a testing benchmark for the RHSO algorithm.A comparative efficiency analysis also checks RHSO with Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO),Artificial-Bee-Colony(ABC),Gravitational Search Algorithm(GSA),and Grey Wolf Optimization(GWO).The obtained results showed the superiority of the RHSO algorithm over the selected algorithms;also,the obtained results demonstrated the ability of the RHSO in convergence towards the global optimal through optimization as it performs well in both exploitation and exploration ***,RHSO is very effective in solving real issues with constraints and new search *** is worth mentioning that the RHSO algorithm has a few variables,and it can achieve better performance than the selected algorithms in many test functions.

关键词： Optimization metaheuristic constrained optimization rock hyraxes swarm optimization RHSO

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Factors that influence adult neurogenesis as potential therapy

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2018年第1期7卷 24-42页

作者： belal Shohayeb Mohamed Diab Mazen Ahmed Dominic Chi Hiung Ng School of Biomedical Science Faculty of MedicineUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4067Australia Faculty of Pharmacy Pharos University in AlexandriaP.O.Box Sidi GaberAlexandria 21311Egypt

Adult neurogenesis involves persistent proliferative neuroprogenitor populations that reside within distinct regions of the *** phenomenon was first described over 50 years ago and it is now firmly established that new neurons are continually generated in distinct regions of the adult *** potential of enhancing the neurogenic process lies in improved brain cognition and neuronal plasticity particularly in the context of neuronal injury and neurodegenerative *** addition,adult neurogenesis might also play a role in mood and affective *** factors that regulate adult neurogenesis have been broadly ***,the underlying molecular mechanisms of regulating neurogenesis are still not fully *** this review,we will provide critical analysis of our current understanding of the factors and molecular mechanisms that determine *** will further discuss pre-clinical and clinical studies that have investigated the potential of modulating neurogenesis as therapeutic intervention in neurodegeneration.

关键词： Niche Neurotrophins Cytokines Transcription factors Stem cells Extrinsic factors Therapy

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