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Runoff and losses of nutrients and herbicides under long-term conservation practices (no-till and crop rotation) in the U.S. Midwest:A variable intensity simulated rainfall approach

Health（健康） 2024年第3期 218页

作者： Claudia Hollis Blake Johnson Salma gonzalez Sarah Harness

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2018年第4期6卷 265-274页

作者： Javier M.gonzalez United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceNational Soil Erosion Research LaboratoryWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

The U.S. Farm Bill includes conservation practices that benefit both the environment and the farmer. The USDA Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) is a multi-agency effort to assess the efficiency of conservation practices to minimize non-point source pollution. This is follow-up study of a 28-year experiment design to assess the influence of the conservation practices of no-till and crop rotation systems (corn [Zea mays]-soybean [Glycine max]), compared to chisel tillage and monocropping systems (continuous corn) on soil health and water quality. In this study, changes on soil C and N, soil water content, runoff, and losses of ammonium-N, nitrate-N, soluble reactive P (SRP), atrazine, metolachlor, and glyphosate were compared to determine the influence of no-till and corn-soybean rotation systems, relative to chisel tillage and continuous corn, on plots planted with corn using variable intensity rainfall simulations. The long-term no-till systems had a positive impact on soil C and N, soil water, runoff, and losses of ammonium-N and nitrate-N;however, no effect was observed on losses of SRP, atrazine, metolachlor, and glyphosate. The corn-soybean rotation negatively influenced, compared to the continuous corn, soil C and N, soil water content, and increased runoff and the losses of all nutrients and herbicides measured in this study. These results suggest that additional conservation practices, in conjunction with no-till and corn-soybean rotations are needed to reduce surface losses of nutrients and pesticides while improving soil health.

关键词： No-till Crop residue Nutrients Herbicides Runoff

Liver cirrhosis and diabetes:Risk factors,pathophysiology,clinical implications and management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第3期15卷 280-288页

作者： Diego Garcia-Compean Joel Omar Jaquez-Quintana Jose Alberto gonzalez-gonzalez Hector Maldonado-Garza Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineUniversity HospitalAve Madero y GonzalitosCol Mitras CentroMonterrey 64700Mexico

About 30% of patients with cirrhosis have diabetes mellitus(DM).Nowadays,it is a matter for debate whether type 2 DM in the absence of obesity and hypertriglyceridemia may be a risk factor for chronic liver ***,which develops as a complication of cirrhosis,is known as "hepatogenous diabetes".Insulin resistance in muscular and adipose tissues and hyperinsulinemia seem to be the pathophysiologic bases of diabetes in liver *** impaired response of the islet β-cells of the pancreas and hepatic insulin resistance are also contributory ***-alcoholic fatty liver disease,alcoholic cirrhosis,chronic hepatitis C(CHC) and hemochromatosis are more frequently associated with *** resistance increases the failure of the response to treatment in patients with CHC and enhances progression of *** in cirrhotic patients may be *** diabetes is clinically different from that of type 2 DM,since it is less frequently associated with microangiopathy and patients more frequently suffer complications of *** increases the mortality of cirrhotic *** of the diabetes is complex due to liver damage and hepatotoxicity of oral hypoglycemic *** manuscript will review evidence that exists in relation to:type 2 DM alone or as part of the metabolic syndrome in the development of liver disease;factors involved in the genesis of hepatogenous diabetes;the impact of DM on the clinical outcome of liver disease;the management of DM in cirrhotic patients and the role of DM as a risk factor for the occurrence and exacerbation of hepatocellular carcinoma.

关键词： Insulin resistance Type 2 diabetes mellitus Liver cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Chronic hepatitis C

Function of hepatocyte spheroids in bioactive microcapsules is enhanced by endogenous and exogenous hepatocyte growth factor

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第10期28卷 183-195页

作者： Kihak Gwon Daheui Choi Jose Mde Hoyos-Vega Harihara Baskaran Alan M.gonzalez-suarez Seonhwa Lee Hye Jin Hong Kianna M.Nguyen Ether Dharmesh Go Sugahara Yuji Ishida Takeshi Saito Gulnaz Stybayeva Alexander Revzin Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Biomedical Engineering Saint Louis UniversitySt.LouisMOUSA University of Southern Californi1 Keck School of MedicineDepartment of MedicineDivision of Gastrointestinal and Liver DiseasesLos AngelesCAUSA Research and Development Department PhoenixBioCo.LtdKagamiyam1Higashi-Hiroshim1Hiroshim1Japan USC Research Center for Liver Diseases Los AngelesCAUSA

The ability to maintain functional hepatocytes has important implications for bioartificial liver development,cell-based therapies,drug screening,and tissue *** approaches can be used to restore hepatocyte function in vitro,including coating a culture substrate with extracellular matrix(ECM),encapsulating cells within biomimetic gels(Collagen-or Matrigel-based),or co-cultivation with other *** paper describes the use of bioactive heparin-based core-shell microcapsules to form and cultivate hepatocyte *** microcapsules are comprised of an aqueous core that facilitates hepatocyte aggregation into spheroids and a heparin hydrogel shell that binds and releases growth *** demonstrate that bioactive microcapsules retain and release endogenous signals thus enhancing the function of encapsulated *** also demonstrate that hepatic function may be further enhanced by loading exogenous hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)into microcapsules and inhibiting transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1 ***,bioactive microcapsules described here represent a promising new strategy for the encapsulation and maintenance of primary hepatocytes and will be beneficial for liver tissue engineering,regenerative medicine,and drug testing applications.

关键词： Droplet microfluidics Bioactive microcapsules Hepatocyte spheroid Heparin Hepatocyte growth factor

A survey of static and dynamic potential games

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Science China Mathematics 2016年第11期59卷 2075-2102页

作者： gonzalez-SANCHEZ David HERNANDEZ-LERMA Onesimo Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Universidad de Sonora Hermosillo 83000 Mexico Mathematics Department Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico National Mexico City 07000 Mexico

Potential games are noncooperative games for which there exist auxiliary functions, called potentials,such that the maximizers of the potential are also Nash equilibria of the corresponding game. Some properties of Nash equilibria, such as existence or stability, can be derived from the potential, whenever it exists. We survey different classes of potential games in the static and dynamic cases, with a finite number of players, as well as in population games where a continuum of players is allowed. Likewise, theoretical concepts and applications are discussed by means of illustrative examples.

关键词： noncooperative games potential games Nash equilibrium dynamic games Markov games differential games population games

Natural vegetation cover in the landscape and edge effects： differential responses of insect orders in a fragmented forest

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Insect Science 2017年第5期24卷 891-901页

作者： Ezequiel gonzalez Adriana Salvo Graciela Valladares Centro de Investigaciones Entomologicas de Cordoba IMBIV UNC CONICET FCEFyN Av. Velez Sarfield 1611 Cordoba CordobaX5000GMC Argentina

Human activities have led to global simplification of ecosystems, among which Neotropical dry forests are some of the most threatened. Habitat loss as well as edge effects may affect insect communities. Here, we analyzed insects sampled with pan traps in 9 landscapes （at 5 scales, in 100-500 m diameter circles） comprising cultivated fields and Chaco Serrano forests, at overall community and taxonomic order level. In total 7043 specimens and 456 species of hexapods were captured, with abundance and richness being directly related to forest cover at 500 m and higher at edges in comparison with forest interior. Community composition also varied with forest cover and edge^interior location. Different responses were detected among the 8 dominant orders. Collembola, Hemiptera, and Orthoptera richness and^or abundance were positively related to forest cover at the larger scale, while Thysanoptera abundance increased with forest cover only at the edge. Hymenoptera abundance and richness were negatively related to forest cover at 100 m. Coleoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera were more diverse and abundant at the forest edge. The generally negative influence of forest loss on insect communities could have functional consequences for both natural and cultivated systems, and highlights the relevance of forest conservation. Higher diversity at the edges could result from the simultaneous presence of forest and matrix species, although ＂resource mapping＂ might be involved for orders that were richer and more abundant at edges. Adjacent crops could benefit from forest proximity since natural enemies and pollinators are well represented in the orders showing nositive edge effects.

关键词： Chaco Serrano edge effect forest cover habitat loss insects orders

Obstructive uropathy: Overview of the pathogenesis, etiology and management of a prevalent cause of acute kidney injury

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World Journal of Nephrology 2024年第2期13卷 5-15页

作者： Xabier Pérez-Aizpurua Ramiro Cabello Benavente Gonzalo Bueno Serrano JoséMaría Alcázar Peral Blanca Gómez-Jordana Mañas Jaime Tufet i Jaumot Joaquín Ruiz de Castroviejo Blanco Felipe Osorio Ospina Carmen gonzalez-Enguita Department of Urology Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez DíazMadrid 28015MadridSpain

Obstructive uropathy is defined as the structural or functional interruption of urinary outflow at any level in the urinary *** is regarded as one of the most prevalent causes of acute kidney injury(AKI),accounting for 5%–10%of *** severe obstruction of the urinary tract is a potentially threatening situation for the kidneys and therefore requires prompt identification and management to relieve *** aim of the present article is to review and synthesize available evidence on obstructive uropathy,providing a clinical guideline for clinicians.A literature review on obstructive uropathy in the context of AKI was performed,focusing on the least clarified aspects regarding diagnosis and *** literature searching was conducted in English and top-level evidence articles including systematic reviews,metanalyses and large series were *** obstruction of the urinary tract is a diagnostic and therapeutical challenge that may lead to important clinical complications together with direct structural and hemodynamic damage to the *** recognition of the leading cause and its exact location is essential to ensure prompt urinary drainage together with the most suitable drainage technique selection.A multidisciplinary approach,including urologists,nephrologists,and other medical specialties,is best suited to correctly manage concomitant hemodynamic changes,fluid and electrolyte imbalances,and other related *** uropathy is one of the leading causes of *** of patients suitable for early diversion and feasibility or adequate selection of the indicated technique is sometimes challeng-ing.A thorough understanding of the physiopathology behind the development of urinary obstruction is vital for correct diagnosis and management.

关键词： Obstructive uropathy Urinary tract obstruction Obstruction of the urinary tract Acute kidney injury Urinary diversion Renal recovery

Gravitational wave astronomy

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Frontiers of physics 2013年第6期8卷 771-793页

作者： Gabriela gonzalez Andrea Vicere Linqing Wen Department of Physics and Astronomy Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA INFN Sezione di Firenze 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino and Universitd degli Studi di Urbino 'Carlo Bo' 1-61029 Urbino Italy School of Physics The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Hwy Crawley WA 6009 Australia

We are entering a new era of gravitational-wave astronomy. The ground-based interferometers have reached their initial design sensitivity in the audio band. Several upper limits have been set for anticipated astrophysical sources from the science data. The advanced detectors in the US and in Europe are expected to be operational around 2015. New advanced detectors are also planned in Japan and in India. The first direct detections of gravitational waves are expected within this decade. In the meanwhile, three pulsar timing array projects are forming an international collaboration to detect gravitational waves directly in the nanoHertz range using timing data from millisecond pulsars. The first direct detection of nanoHertz gravitational waves are also expected within this decade. In this paper, we review the status of current gravitational-wave detectors, possible types of sources, observational upper limits achieved, and future prospects for direct detection of gravitational waves

关键词： gravitational waves gravitational-wave detectors gravitional astronomy

CO2 degassing and melting of metasomatized mantle lithosphere during rifting-Numerical study

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1409-1420页

作者： Weronika Gorczyk Christopher M. gonzalez University of Western Australia Centre for Exploration TargetingSchool of Earth SciencesARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid SystemsPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia School of Earth Atmosphere and EnvironmentMonash University ClaytonMelbourneVICAustralia

:Reactivation of metasomatized mantle lithosphere may occur during continental extension,which is an important component of plate *** lower most part of the metasomatized domains in the subcontinental mantle lithosphere can be locally enriched in ***,partial melting of these metasomatized domains may play a crucial role in the global carbon ***,little is known about this process and up until now few numerical constraints are *** we address this knowledge gap and use a 2-D high resolution petrological-thermomechanical model to assess lithospheric ***2 degassing and *** test 4 lithospheric thicknesses:90,110,130 and 200 km with a 10 km thick metasomatized layer at the base using CO2 of 2 wt.%in the bulk *** carbonate enriched layer is stable below^3 GPa(>110 km)for a temperature of 1300℃;therefore,we only observe degassing patterns for lithospheric models that are 130 km and 200 km *** metasomatized layer for the 130 km thick lithosphere mostly comprises carbonatite melting,whereas in the 200 km thick scenario propagation of melt development from kimberlites to carbonatites occurs as the metasomatic mantle is exhumed during *** numerical models fit well into natural rifting zones of the European Cenozoic Rift System for young(shallow)and of the North Atlantic Rift for old(thick)lithosphere.

关键词： Rifting Mantle CO2 degassing Carbonate melting

Plumage brightness and uropygial gland secretions in barn swallows

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Current Zoology 2019年第2期65卷 177-182页

作者： Anders PAPE MOLLER Fernando MATEOS-gonzalez Ecologie Systematique Evolution Universite Paris-Sud CNRS AgroParisTech Universite Paris-Saclay Batiment 362 F-91405 Orsay Cedex France Department of Ecology and Genetics Evolutionary Biology Centre University of Uppsala Norbyvagen 18d SE-75236 Uppsala Sweden

The uropygial gland has been hypothesized to play a role in sexual signaling through a "make-up" function derived from the effects of secretions from the gland on the appearanee of the plumage and bare parts of the body. Here we show that plumage brightness of dorsal feathers of individual barn swallows Hirundo rustica was greater in mated than in unmated individuals. In addition, plumage brightness in creased with colony size. Furthermore, plumage bright ness was positively correlated with the amount of wax in the uropygial gland, negatively correlated with time of sampling of uropygial wax (perhaps because more wax is present early in the morning after an entire night of wax production without any preening), and negatively correlated with the number of chewing lice that degrade the plumage. Experimentally preventing barn swallows from access to the uropygial gland reduced plumage brightness, showing a causal link between secretions from the uropygial gland and plumage brightness. These findings provide evidence consistent with a role of uropygial secretions in signaling plumage brightness.

关键词： brightness coloration preening wax sexual selection uropygial gland