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Antifungal Susceptibility Profile <i>In Vitro</i>Fungal Air in a Hospital Environment

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2018年第3期8卷 35-46页

作者： Otávio Vilela de Figueiredo Luiz Francisley de Paiva Matheus Valejo Peixoto Pedro Guilherme Paula Bariani Thiago Silva Pinto Manoel Araujo Teixeira Ana beatriz Alkmim Teixeira-loyola School of Medicine University of the Sapucai Valley Pouso Alegr Minas Gerais Brazil Research Laboratory University of the Sapucai Valley Pouso Alegre Minas Gerais Brazil department of Biology University of the Sapucai Valley Pouso Alegre Minas Gerais Brazil department of Microbiology University of the Sapucai Valley Pouso Alegre Minas Gerais Brazil

Purpose: The aim of this study was to isolate and identify potentially pathogenic airborne fungi from Hospital das Clínicas Samuel Libanio in the city of Pouso Alegre-MG and evaluate their susceptibility to natural and industrial products. Methods: The air collection was performed by passive sedimentation in the morning during the autumn and winter seasons. Petri dishes were open as the location of air conditioning. The isolates were subjected to pathogenicity test. The identification of the fungi was performed according to the macroscopic evaluation and micromorphology. Potentially pathogenic isolates were susceptibility tested by disc diffusion method. The agents used were insecticides and industrial cleaning products and essential oils of citronella plants, lemon grass, eucalyptus and Melaleuca extracted by steam distillation method. Results: We obtained a total of 356 fungal isolates. The inside door environments were 126 (35.39%) and the outside environments were 230 (64.6%) isolates. The 22 (6.18%) isolates from the inside and 25 (6.18%) outside the hospital showed pathogenic potential. This isolates were identified as Acremonium spp., A. niger, A. terreus, A. versicolor, Curvularia sp., Penicillium sp. and Scopulariopsis sp. Susceptibility testing it was observed that most of the isolates were susceptible to the principle product containing sodium hypochlorite. Citronella oil showed enormous potential inhibition against all isolates. Already lemon grass oil was effective only against isolates of Penicillium spp. Conclusions: All genres identified are significant allergens, which can cause respiratory disease in both immunocompromised individuals such as asthmatics and people with any immune deficit. The monitoring of environmental sources should be performed, especially in special areas with immunocompromised patients. despite efforts to try to reduce fungal infections hospital there are still flaws in the strategies employed.

关键词： Fungi Air Conditioning Housekeeping Hospital Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests

Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Clinical Material of Patients from a University Hospital

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2019年第4期9卷 230-237页

作者： Regina Paula Silva Joao Marcelo de Almeida Matozzo Rogério Cássio Fernandes Flávio Antonio de Melo Pedro Henrique Silva Belato Viviane Fajardo Filgueiras Ana beatriz Alkmim Teixeira loyola University of Vale do Sapucai-UNIVAS PousoAlegreBrasil Specializing in Microbiology Microbiology Sector at Samuel Libanio Hospital-HCSLPouso AlegreMGBrazil Faculty of Health Sciences University of Vale do Sapucai-UNIVASPousoAlegreBrasil Applied Health Sciences University of Vale do Sapucai-UNIVASPousoAlegreBrasil

Model Study: The genus Acinetobacter is composed of opportunistic pathogens that mainly affects immunocompromised and patients during a prolonged hospitalization period. A. baumannii can survive in the hospital setting at various locations such as mechanical ventilators, dialysis machines, ventilation systems, water sources, skin and mucous membranes of health professionals and patients, drug preparations and disinfectants among others. Antimicrobials are essential for the treatment of infections, so their use has become common, and often inappropriate and abusive. This pathogen has presented multi-resistance to several classes of antimicrobials and has become a major cause of death in hospitals. Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of Acinetobacter baumannii in clinical samples from the Laboratory of Clinical Analyzes, HCSL of Pouso Alegre, MG. Methods: All the samples referring to the patients of the Samuel Libanio Clinical Hospital including most of the specialties were evaluated. From the positive samples for Acinetobacter baumannii the medical records of hospitalized patients were evaluated. From the medical records, data were obtained as gender and age of the patient, place of hospitalization, together with month and year of the laboratory procedure. Result: A total of 14,859 samples of diverse materials were evaluated, being 80 (0.5%) samples positive for Acinetobacter baumannii. Of these positive samples, the largest occurrences were identified in male patients 59 (73.7%), aged over 60 years 37 (46.3%). The most affected hospital sector was Adult ICU with 44 (55.0%) of the cases. In May 2015, there were 5 (6.3%) cases registered and in May 2016, 16 (20.0%) cases. The clinical material with the highest occurrence of Acinetobacter baumannii was Mini Bal 29 (36.3%). Conclusion: Acinetobacter baumannii has been presenting a major increase in clinical samples from the lungs, mainly from male, elderly patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit and with resis

关键词： Acinetobacter baumannii Resistance Antimicrobial

<i>Rhizopus oryzae</i>Retro-Orbital Abscess: Comparison of Spores and Hyphae Antifungal Susceptibility and Clinical Outcome

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2018年第1期8卷 1-11页

作者： Adenilza Cristina S. Fonseca Ana beatriz A. Teixeira-loyola Luzia Lyra Ariane F. Busso Yasunori Muraosa Hideaki Taguchi maria Luiza Moretti Angélica Z. Schreiber Clinical Pathology department School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas Brazil Sapucai Valley University Pouso Alegre Brazil Infectious Diseases Division School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Medical Mycology Research Chiba University Chiba Japan

Rhizopus is fungus of the order Mucorales, responsible for invasive diseases called mucormycosis. The correct identification of these fungi is one of the main questions raised in the literature since the diagnosis is not simple, being the necessary detection in biopsies of infected tissues and isolation of the microorganism for identification by morphological and molecular methods. In vitro susceptibility testing results are not fully clear since there are reports showing that in vitro resistance does not always mean therapeutic failure. This paper describes a case of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis in a patient with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis and secondary mellitus diabetes involving microbiological diagnostic, antifungal susceptibility tests for conidia and hypha and clinical correlation. The causative agent was identified by morphological characteristics and DNA sequencing. Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for amphotericin B (AMB), itraconazole (ITZ) and terbinafine (TERB) was determined by broth microdilution method. Standardization of the dynamic growth evaluation patterns using the automated system BCT (BioCell-Tracer?) was obtained allowing to determining hyphae growth control and evaluating the effect of different concentrations of amphotericin B, itraconazole and terbinafine directly on growing hyphae. The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) for the combination of the two antifungals that the patient received at the same time, terbinafine and itraconazole, was also determined trying to correlate with clinical outcome. Strains isolated of retro-orbital abscess were identified as Rhizopus oryzae. MIC results (MIC) testing conidia showed high sensibility to amphotericin B and itraconazole in comparison to the obtained for terbinafine. The tests in the automated system BCT using hyphae showed sensibility to all tested antifungal agents and the FIC results for combination in vitro between terbinafine and itraconazole showed synergism consisten

关键词： Antifungal Susceptibility Testing Mucorales Terbinafine Amphotericin B Itraconazole

Antimicrobial Action and Scaring of 10%Green Banana Shell in Chronic Wounds

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2018年第3期8卷 47-55页

作者： Ana beatriz Alkimim Teixeira loyola Rafael Vieira Fernandes Joao Victor Braga Mendes Nadir Alves de Oliveira Neta Luiz Francisley de Paiva Adriana Rodrigues dos Anjos Mendonca Dênia Amélia Novato Castelli Von Atzingen department of Applied Health Sciences Faculty of Health SciencesThe Universidade do Vale do SapucaíPouso AlegreBrazil Faculty of Medicine Sapucai Valley University(UNIVáS)Pouso AlegreBrazil Laboratory of Microbiological Research Sapucai Valley University(UNIVáS)Pouso AlegreBrazil department of Applied Health Sciences Sapucai Valley University(UNIVAS)Pouso AlegreBrazil department of Bioethics Faculty of Health SciencesSapucai Valley University(UNIVáS)Pouso AlegreBrazil

The percentage of diabetic patients with contaminated lesions increases from 3% to 10%. Treatment with herbal products shows benefits in their use, as well as antioxidant and antifungal activities. Objective: to evaluate the antimicrobial action of 10% banana peel gel and the contraction of diabetic and venous wounds. Methods: individual, analytical, interventional, longitudinal, prospective, randomized study from February to december 2015. Five patients were included in the study;3 with venous ulcer and 2 with diabetic wound. Application of 10% green banana peel gel and weekly samples were performed. After six days, the second collection was performed. The samples were seeded in the Mannitol salt agar culture medium, MacConkey agar and Saboraund agar with chloramphenicol for isolation of cocci and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacilli;and fungi. The total counts of bacteria were determined by PCA (Plate Count Agar) and measurement of the lesion margin. There was a reduction of microorganisms with the use of the gel in 53.57% of the patients, and reduction of wound areas in 48.1%.

关键词： Musa sapientum Phytotherapy Products with Antimicrobial Action Healing Wounds and Injuries

Functions of NKG2D in CD8^(+) T cells: an opportunity for immunotherapy

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第5期15卷 470-479页

作者： Kushal Prajapati Cynthia Perez Lourdes beatriz Plaza Rojas Brianna Burke Jose A Guevara-Patino loyola University Chicago Oncology InstituteMaywoodIL 60153USA

Natural killer group 2 member D(NKG2D)is a type II transmembrane ***2D is present on NK cells in both mice and humans,whereas it is constitutively expressed on CD8+T cells in humans but only expressed upon T-cell activation in ***2D is a promiscuous receptor that recognizes stress-induced surface *** NK cells,NKG2D signaling is sufficient to unleash the killing response;in CD8+T cells,this requires concurrent activation of the T-cell receptor(TCR).In this case,the function of NKG2D is to authenticate the recognition of a stressed target and enhance TCR ***28 has been established as an archetype provider of costimulation during T-cell *** has become apparent,however,that signals from other costimulatory receptors,such as NKG2D,are required for optimal T-cell function outside the priming *** review will focus on the similarities and differences between NKG2D and CD28;less well-described characteristics of NKG2D,such as the potential role of NKG2D in CD8+T-cell memory formation,cancer immunity and autoimmunity;and the opportunities for targeting NKG2D in immunotherapy.

关键词： NKG2D CD28 CD8+T Cell Cancer Immunity Auto-immunity Memory Immunotherapy