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Effect of biochar aging in agricultural soil on its wetting properties and surface structure

Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1288-1304页

作者： Natalia Ivanova Gardoon Luqman Obaeed Obaeed Farid sulkarnaev Natalya Buchkina Alexey Gubin andrei Yurtaev Photonics and Microfluidics Lab X-BIO InstituteUniversity of Tyumen6 Volodarskogo625003 TyumenRussia International Integrated Research Lab for Climate Change Land Use and BiodiversityX-BIO InstituteUniversity of Tyumen6 Volodarskogo625003 TyumenRussia Department of soil Physics Physical Chemistry and BiophysicsAgrophysical Research InstituteGrazhdansky Pr.14195220 St.PetersburgRussia X-BIO Institute University of Tyumen6 Volodarskogo625003 TyumenRussia Nanomaterials and Nanoelectronics Laboratory CNIEUniversity of Tyumen6 Volodarskogo625003 TyumenRussia

Biochar wettability and ability to accumulate moisture inside the porous space are crucial for improving soil fertility,regulating soil water balance,and regulating ***,a long-term interaction of biochar with agricultural soils may drastically alter the wetting properties and,eventually,influence water holding capacity and the structure of *** this work,the structure and wetting properties of biochar samples after 6-year long exposure to a sandy loam spodosol with a crop rotation and mineral fertilizers application were *** was found that the elemental composition of the aged biochars was richer and more"soil-like",which is explained by the presence of the mineral crust on the biochar *** temporal evolution of biochar in the soil without any mineral fertilizer application resulted in significant improvement of its surface wettability due to the effects of various environmental *** lateral surface of biochar after 6-year interaction with the soil changes into a loose porous layer in a form of grooved base filled with adherent mineral soil and clay ***,the application of the mineral fertilizer to the soil resulted in decreased wettability of the biochar lateral surfaces due to a decrease in the polar component of surface energy and the crusting of the surface with fine material,which blocks the pore space of the *** a result,water capacity of the biochar from the treatment with the fertilizer decreased compared to the biochar samples collected from the soil without the fertilizer *** radial biochar surfaces of both types of samples collected from the soil were open vessels filled with soil particles that slow down complete wetting and water *** treatment of the biochar samples with surfactants drastically increased wettability of lateral surface and water absorption capacity of control samples as compared to the samples collected from the *** obtained results support the idea t

关键词： Light-textured spodosol 6-year field experiment Biochar surface Wettability Water absorbing soil capacity

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Emerging 2D magnetic states in a graphene-based monolayer of EuC_(6)

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Nano Research 2022年第1期15卷 408-413页

作者： Ivan s.sokolov Dmitry V.Averyanov Fabrice Wilhelm andrei Rogalev Oleg E.Parfenov Alexander N.Taldenkov Igor A.Karateev Andrey M.Tokmachev Vyacheslav G.storchak National Research Center“Kurchatov Institute” Kurchatov Sq.1Moscow 123182Russia EsRF-The European synchrotron CS 4022038043 Grenoble Cedex 9France

Recent discoveries of intrinsic two-dimensional(2D)magnets open up vast opportunities to address fundamental problems in condensed matter physics,giving rise to applications from ultra-compact spintronics to quantum *** ever-growing material landscape of 2D magnets lacks,however,carbon-based systems,prominent in other areas of 2D *** measurements of the Eu/graphene compound-a monolayer of the EuC_(6) stoichiometry-reveal the emergence of 2D ferromagnetism but detailed studies of competing magnetic states are still ***,we employ element-selective X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAs)and magnetic circular dichroism(XMCD)to establish the magnetic structure of monolayer *** system exhibits the anomalous Hall effect,negative magnetoresistance,and magnetization consistent with a ferromagnetic state but the saturation magnetic moment(about 2.5/%/Eu)is way too low for the half-filled f-shells of Eu^(2+)*** XAs/XMCD studies at the Eu L3 absorption edge probe the EuC6 magnetism in high fields and reveal the nature of the missing magnetic *** results are set against XMCD studies in Eu/silicene and Eu/germanene to establish monolayer EuC6 as a prominent member of the family of Eu-based 2D magnets combining the celebrated graphene properties with a strong magnetism of europium.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)ferromagnetism graphene EuC_(6) X-ray magnetic circular dichroism(XMCD) monolayer

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Quantifying Information via shannon Entropy in spatially structured Optical Beams

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Research 2021年第1期2021卷 780-788页

作者： Maria solyanik-Gorgone Jiachi Ye Mario Miscuglio andrei Afanasev Alan E.Willner Volker J.sorger Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA Department of Physics The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA Department of Electrical Engineering at University of southern California Los AngelesCalifornia 90089USA

While information is ubiquitously generated,shared,and analyzed in a modern-day life,there is still some controversy around the ways to assess the amount and quality of information inside a noisy optical channel.A number of theoretical approaches based on,e.g.,conditional shannon entropy and Fisher information have been developed,along with some experimental *** of these approaches are limited to a certain alphabet,while others tend to fall short when considering optical beams with a nontrivial structure,such as Hermite-Gauss,Laguerre-Gauss,and other modes with a nontrivial ***,we propose a new definition of the classical shannon information via the Wigner distribution function,while respecting the Heisenberg *** this definition,we calculate the amount of information in Gaussian,Hermite-Gaussian,and LaguerreGaussian laser modes in juxtaposition and experimentally validate it by reconstruction of the Wigner distribution function from the intensity distribution of structured laser *** experimentally demonstrate the technique that allows to infer field structure of the laser beams in singular optics to assess the amount of contained *** the generality,this approach of defining information via analyzing the beam complexity is applicable to laser modes of any topology that can be described by well-behaved *** shannon information,defined in this way,is detached from a particular alphabet,i.e.,communication scheme,and scales with the structural complexity of the *** a synergy between the Wigner distribution function encompassing the information in both real and reciprocal space and information being a measure of disorder can contribute into future coherent detection algorithms and remote sensing.

关键词： distribution spatial complexity

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sagaing Fault slip and deformation in Myanmar observed by continuous GPs measurements

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2016年第1期7卷 56-63页

作者： Pyae sone Aung Chalermchon satirapod Constantin-Octavian andrei Department of survey Engineering Chulalongkorn University

The sagaing Fault is a major tectonic structure between the Indian Plate and sunda Plate. The fault measures 1200 km along north-south and cuts through the centre of Myanmar. Many urban areas lie along the fault. As a result, Myanmar has established a continuous Global Positioning system （cGPs） network across the sagaing Fault since 2011. The cGPs network consists of eight cGPs stations that form two transects across the fault. The data analysis covers a period of four years from 2011 to 2014. GAMIT, GLOBK, and TRACK software suite packages are used for GPs data processing and analysis. This study consists of two main objectives. The first objective is to analyse the Myanmar cGPs network ob- servations in order to measure the moving rate and direction of movement for each cGPs station using GAMIT/GLOBK software packages. The second objective is to investigate the co-seismic moving rate associated with the earthquake event using TRACK kinematic positioning program. The analysis results indicate that the east side of the sagaing Fault moves southeastward at the average rate of approximately 32-40 mm/a, whereas the west side of the fault moves northeastward at the rate of about 31-35 mm/a. For co-seismic analysis, two cGPs stations are analysed in connection with the 2012 M6.8 Thabeikkyin earthquake. These stations are located 50-60 km away from the epicentre. The GPs data analysis clearly showed that the station at the east side of the sagaing Fault immediately moved south by 15.0 cm, whereas the station at the west side of the fault moved north by 3.0 cm. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the sagaing Fault＇s tectonic activities can be monitored by cGPs observations using geodetic processing techniques. We believe that such investigation brings contribution to better understand of the tectonic activities in Myanmar and south East Asia.

关键词： sagaing FaultGlobal Positioning system (GPs)GAMITThabeikkyin earthquakeMyanmarTectonic activitycGPsFault movement

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The silk road economic belt: balance of interests

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Economic and Political studies 2018年第3期6卷 293-318页

作者： Yakov silin Larisa Kapustina Italo Trevisan andrei Drevalev Department of Regional and Municipal Economics and Management Ural State University of EconomicsYekaterinburgRussia Department of Marketing and International Management Ural State University of EconomicsYekaterinburgRussia Department of Economics and Management University of TrentoTrentoItaly

The article makes an analogy between the Great silk Road and the modern Belt and Road Initiative(BRI,also known as‘One Belt,One Road’[OBOR])of China in the context of their significance for the development of international trade,as well as the Central Asian *** historical role of the silk Road is considered from the viewpoint of mutual benefit of states along the trade *** authors consider the concept as the co-development of states,suggested by China within the framework of the BRI,which involves international cooperation on the basis of mutual benefits for all participants,promotion of economic growth and welfare,development of modern infrastructure through joint *** attempt is made to assess the interests of Central Asian countries in the silk Road Economic Belt(sREB)*** interests include construction of modern road infrastructure,exploration and extraction of mineral deposits,transportation of energy resources,establishment of logistics and industrial *** is an increase in the transit role of the Central Asian countries within the framework of the BRI,as well an increase in investments from *** countries along sREB are concerned about potential threats of the inflow of Chinese labour,the use of technologies that can cause environmental problems,the loss of control over strategic assets,and general growth of financial dependence on *** article analyses Russia’s perception of the Chinese *** is concluded that the main mutual interest of the two countries is opposing the Us’s attempts to establish a dominating role in the region and thus ensuring the security of the transport system through the institutions of the Eurasian Economic Union(EAEU)and the shanghai Cooperation Organisation(sCO).The authors reveal a trend of changing the role of Russia as the main transit corridor for Chinese goods exported to Europe and European ones imported to *** key long-term economic interests of China implement

关键词： Economy of China BRI(or OBOR) silk Road Economic Belt(sREB) silk Road Fund Eurasian integration

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Tunable order in colloids of hard magnetic hexaferrite nanoplatelets

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 898-906页

作者： Artem A.Eliseev Lev A.Trusov Evgeny O.Anokhin andrei P.Chumakov Vladimir V.Korolev Anastasia E.sleptsova Peter Boesecke Vladimir Ya.shur Vladimir Yashur Pavel E.Kazin andrei A.Eliseev Faculty of Chemistry Moscow State UniversityLeninskie Gory lb3Moscow 119991Russia Department of Materials science MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhen 517182China Faculty of Materials science Moscow State UniversityLeninskie Gory lb73Moscow 119991Russia European synchrotron Radiation Facility Avenue des Martyrs 71Grenoble 38043France school of Natural sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal UniversityLenin Ave 51Ekaterinburg 620000Russia

structural ordering in the concentrated magnetic colloids containing 50×5 nm hard magnetic disc-like srFe_(12)O_(19) nanoparticles was investigated by cryogenic scanning electron microscopy,optical microscopy,magnetic measurements,and small-angle X-ray *** was revealed that macroscopically homogeneous magnetic liquid consists of dynamic threads of stacked *** threads align into quasiperiodic arrays with the distances between individual threads of a few *** also can form pseudodomain structures with -90°domain boundaries realized through T-type thread *** effects of magnetic attraction and electrostatic repulsion on the equilibrium interplatelet distance in the threads were *** was demonstrated that this distance can be tuned by the control of the particles charge and electric double layer screening from stern layer thickness(-1 nm)to tens of *** was shown that the permanent magnetic field is not able to cause any structural changes in the ordered magnetic liquid phase,while alternating field draws particles apart by their *** variation of interparticle distance up to 6%was achieved using an alternating magnetic field of low *** data were complemented by the theoretical models of screened electrostatic interactions between spherical and platelike magnetic *** last model provides good predictive power and correlates with the experimental *** stabilization energy of the condensed phase in the order of 1-10 kBT was derived from the *** approach allows controlling of an equilibrium interparticle distance and interparticle distance distribution by adjusting the magnetization and surface charge of the particles as well as the ionic strength of the solvent.

关键词： hexaferrite ferrofluid self-assembly colloidal solution

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On stable Reconstruction of the Impact in the system of Ordinary Differential Equations

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Applied Mathematics 2010年第2期1卷 118-123页

作者： andrei Y. Vdovin svetlana s. Rubleva 不详

Approach to expansion of an opportunity of the reception the guaranteed estimation for a problem of reconstruction the impact within the limits of the dynamical algorithm is considered in the article.

关键词： Dynamical Algorithm The Reconstruction of the Impact The Estimation of Accuracy of the Algorithm

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surrogate markers of mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease:A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第16期27卷 1828-1840页

作者： Monica state Lucian Negreanu Theodor Voiosu andrei Voiosu Paul Balanescu Radu Bogdan Mateescu Department of Gastroenterology Colentina Clinical HospitalBucharest 020125Romania Department of Gastroenterology Emergency University HospitalBucharest 050098Romania Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest 020021Romania Department of Internal Medicine and Research Methodology Colentina Clinical HospitalBucharest 020125Romania

Mucosal healing(MH)has emerged as a key therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),and achievement of this goal is documented by endoscopy with ***,colonoscopy is burdensome and invasive,and substitution with an accurate noninvasive biomarker is *** To summarize published data regarding the performance of noninvasive biomarkers in assessing MH in IBD *** We conducted a systematic review of studies that reported the performance of biomarkers in diagnosing MH in patients with *** main outcome measure was to review the diagnostic accuracy of serum and fecal markers that showed promising utility in assessing *** We screened 1301 articles,retrieved 46 manuscripts and included 23 articles for full-text *** majority of the included manuscripts referred to fecal markers(12/23),followed by circulatory markers(8/23);only 3/23 of the included manuscripts investigated combined markers(serum and/or fecal markers).Fecal calprotectin(FC)was the most investigated fecal marker for assessing *** ulcerative colitis,for cutoff levels ranging between 58 mcg/g and 490 mcg/g,the sensitivity was 89.7%-100%and the specificity was 62%-93.3%.For Crohn’s disease,the cutoff levels of FC ranged from 71 mcg/g to 918 mcg/g(sensitivity 50%-95.9%and specificity 52.3%-100%).The best performance for a serum marker was observed for the endoscopic healing index,which showed a comparable accuracy to the measurement of FC and a higher accuracy than the measurement of serum C-reactive *** several promising biomarkers of MH are emerging but cannot yet substitute for endoscopy with biopsy due to issues with reproducibility and standardization assessing *** ulcerative colitis,for cutoff levels ranging between 58 mcg/g and 490 mcg/g,the sensitivity was 89.7%-100%and the specificity was 62%-93.3%.For Crohn’s disease,the cutoff levels of FC ranged from 71 mcg/g to 918 mcg/g(sensitivity 50%-95.9%and specificity 52.3%-100%).The bes

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Biomarkers serum Fecal Mucosal healing

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synthesis of ultrathin rhenium disulfide nanoribbons using nano test tubes

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1282-1287页

作者： Luke T.Norman Johannes Biskupek Graham A.Ranee Craig T.stoppiello Ute Kaiser andrei N.Khlobystov school of Chemistry University of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK Central Facility for Electron Microscopy Ulm UniversityAlbert Einstein-Allee 11Ulm 89081Germany Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre University of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK

The synthesis of ultrathin rhenium disulfide(Res_(2))nanoribbons within single-walled carbon nanotubes(sWNTs)has been *** decacarbonyl complex is encapsulated into the sWNTs to provide a source of confined rhenium atoms,which readily react with iodine to form discrete nm-sized clusters of rhenium iodide[Re_(6)l_(14)]^(2-) embedded in the *** final step of the synthesis is accomplished by admitting hydrogen sulfide gas into nano test tubes,yielding twisted nanoribbons of rhenium disulfide encapsulated in carbon nanotubes,Res_(2)@*** width,structure,and composition of rhenium disulfide nanoribbons are strictly controlled by the extreme confinement of the host-sWNT.A holistic analytical approach combining complementary imaging and analysis methods is used at each synthetic step to elucidate the structure and composition of the guest material and reveal the role of the sWNT contributing towards the electronic interactions with encapsulated inorganic *** Res_(2) nanoribbons are expected to retain the electronic properties of the bulk material,such as direct bandgap,the low dimensional form of this material can be of interest for use in nanoscale electronic devices.

关键词： nanotubes nanoribbons rhenium confinement microscopy spectroscopy

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Competing magnetic states in silicene and germanene 2D ferromagnets

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Nano Research 2020年第12期13卷 3396-3402页

作者： Dmitry V.Averyanov Ivan s.sokolov Mikhail s.Platunov Fabrice Wilhelm andrei Rogalev Pierluigi Gargiani Manuel Valvidares Nicolas Jaouen Oleg E.Parfenov Alexander N.Taldenkov Igor A.Karateev Andrey M.Tokmachev Vyacheslav G.storchak National Research Center“Kurchatov Institute” Kurchatov Sq.1Moscow123182Russia EsRF-The European synchrotron CS 4022038043Grenoble Cedex 9France ALBA synchrotron Light source Cerdanyola del Vallès08290BarcelonaSpain L’Orme des Merisiers Synchrotron SOLEILGyf-sur-Yvette91192France

Two-dimension(2D)magnets have recently developed into a class of stoichiometric materials with prospective applications in ultra-compact spintronics and quantum *** functionality is particularly rich when different magnetic orders are competing in the same *** REX2(RE=Eu,Gd;X=si,Ge),silicene or germanene—heavy counterparts of graphene—coupled with a layer of rare-earth metals,evolve from three-dimension(3D)antiferromagnets in multilayer structures to 2D ferromagnets in a few *** evolution,however,does not lead to fully saturated 2D ferromagnetism,pointing at a possibility of coexisting/competing magnetic ***,REX2 magnetism is explored with element-selective X-ray magnetic circular dichroism(XMCD).The measurements are carried out for Gdsi2,Eusi2,GdGe2,and EuGe2 of different thicknesses down to 1 monolayer employing K absorption edges of si and Ge as well as M and L edges of the *** access the magnetic state in REX2 and determine the seat of magnetism,orbital,and spin contributions to the magnetic ***-field measurements probe remnants of the bulk antiferromagnetism in 2D *** results provide a new platform for studies of complex magnetic structures in 2D materials.

关键词： silicene germanene 2D ferromagnetism X-ray magnetic circular dichroism(XMCD) monolayer

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