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Vanillylacetone attenuates cadmium chloride-induced hippocampal damage and memory loss through upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 gene and protein expression

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2750-2759页

作者： Fahaid H.A.L-Hashem Salah O.bashir Amal F.Dawood Moutasem S.Aboonq Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah Abdulaiziz M.Al-Garni mohamed D.Morsy Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Basic Medical Sciences College of MedicinePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-MunawwarahSaudi Arabia Department of Medicine College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

Memory loss and dementia are major public health concerns with a substantial economic *** stress has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of hippocampal damage-induced memory *** investigate whether the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound vanillyla cetone(zingerone) can protect against hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by cadmium chloride(CdCl_(2)) administration in rats,we explo red the potential involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) signaling pathway,which is known to modulate oxidative stress and *** healt hy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups:vehicle-treated(control),vanillylacetone,CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2)+ brusatol(a selective pharmacological N rf2inhibitor) *** effectively attenuated CdCl_(2)-induced damage in the dental gyrus of the hippocampus and improved the memory function assessed by the Morris Water Maze ***,vanillylacetone markedly decreased the hippocampal tissue levels of inflammatory biomarkers(interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,intracellular cell adhesive molecules) and apoptosis biomarkers(Bax and cleaved caspase-3).The control and CdCl_(2)-treated groups treated with va nillylacetone showed reduced generation of reactive oxygen species,decreased malondialdehyde levels,and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities,along with significant elevation of nuclear Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression in hippocampal *** the protective effects of vanillylacetone we re substantially blocked by the co-administration of brusatol(a selective N rf2 inhibitor).Va nillylacetone mitigated hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by CdCl_(2),at least in part, by activating the nuclear transcription factor ***,vanillylacetone exerted its potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory actions.

关键词： hippocampus neuroprotective Nrf2 gene oxidative stress vanillylacetone

Examining the Types and Consequences of Female Genital Mutilation in Somalia: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Burden and Impact of Acute and Long-Term Complications

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第9期14卷 1322-1334页

作者： Rahma Yusuf Haji Mohamud Nur Adam mohamed mohamed Yaqub Hassan Khadija Yusuf Ali Marian Muse Osman Amal Nor Ali Ifrah Adan Hilowle Iftin mohamed Osman mohamed farah Yusuf Mohamud Department of Nursing Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Pediatric Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Research Department National Institute of Health Mogadishu Somalia Department of Pulmonology Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Emergency Medicine Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia

Background: In Africa, female genital mutilation (FGM) is a widespread and harmful practice, with Somalia having the highest incidence at 98%. This practice has severe and long-lasting physical and mental health consequences. The aim of the study was to evaluate the different types of FGM;immediate and long-term complications associated with the practice, and identify factors related to its prevalence. Method: In a one-year cross-sectional hospital-based study, data were collected from females aged 18 - 50 with a history of FGM. Face-to-face semi-structured questionnaires were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, utilizing univariate and bivariate analyses to identify correlations between variables, which were presented in tables. Results: In a study involving 255 female participants, 65.5% were between 18 and 30 years old. The majority (82.7%) were married, while 47.1% were illiterate. FGM cases were more prevalent in rural areas (61.6%). Among the participants, 45.1% were employed. Type 3 FGM was the most common (44.3%), followed by Type 2 (32.2%) and Type 1 (23.9%). In terms of short-term complications experienced by circumcised women, the most common were bleeding, reported by 29.8% of participants, followed by infection (25.1%), and urinary retention (19.2%). Among the long-term complications observed, recurrent vaginal infections were the most prevalent, affecting 29.8% of the surveyed females. This was episiotomy during delivery (22.3%) and genital scarring (10.2%). Conclusion: The study reveals that Type 3 FGM is highly prevalent among the surveyed females, contributing to an increased risk of recurrent vaginal infections, prolonged second stage of labor, higher likelihood of episiotomy during delivery, and genital scarring. These findings emphasize the urgent need for effective preventive strategies and implementation from both international and local organizations to eliminate the harmful practice of FGM.

关键词： Female Genital Mutilation Women Obstetrics and Gynecology Somalia

Beta secretase activity in peripheral nerve regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第10期12卷 1565-1574页

作者： Carolyn Tallon mohamed H.farah Department of Neurology at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine BaltimoreMDUSA

While the peripheral nervous system has the capacity to regenerate following a nerve injury,it is often at a slow rate and results in unsatisfactory recovery,leaving patients with reduced *** regeneration associated genes have been identified over the years,which may shed some insight into how we can manipulate this intrinsic regenerative ability to enhance repair following peripheral nerve *** lab has identified the membrane bound protease beta-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1（BACE1）,or beta secretase,as a potential negative regulator of peripheral nerve *** beta secretase activity levels are abolished via a null mutation in mice,peripheral regeneration is enhanced following a sciatic nerve crush ***,when activity levels are greatly increased by overexpressing beta secretase in mice,nerve regeneration and functional recovery are impaired after a sciatic nerve crush *** addition to our work,many substrates of beta secretase have been found to be involved in regulating neurite outgrowth and some have even been identified as regeneration associated *** this review,we set out to discuss BACE1 and its substrates with respect to axonal regeneration and speculate on the possibility of utilizing BACE1 inhibitors to enhance regeneration following acute nerve injury and potential uses in peripheral neuropathies.

关键词： peripheral nerve axonal regeneration beta-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1

Axonal regeneration and sprouting as a potential therapeutic target for nervous system disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 1901-1910页

作者： Katherine L.Marshall mohamed H.farah Department of Neurology at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine BaltimoreMDUSA

Nervous system disorders are prevalent health issues that will only continue to increase in frequency as the population ***-back axonopathy is a hallmark of many neurologic diseases and leads to axonal disconnection from their targets,which in turn leads to functional *** the course of many of neurologic diseases,axons can regenerate or sprout in an attempt to reconnect with the target and restore synapse *** amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS),distal motor axons retract from neuromuscular junctions early in the disease-course before significant motor neuron *** is evidence of compensatory motor axon sprouting and reinnervation of neuromuscular junctions in ALS that is usually quickly overtaken by the disease *** drugs that enhance compensatory sprouting and encourage reinnervation may slow symptom progression and retain muscle function for a longer period of time in ALS and in other diseases that exhibit dying-back *** remain many outstanding questions as to the impact of distinct disease-causing mutations on axonal outgrowth and regeneration,especially in regards to motor neurons derived from patient induced pluripotent stem *** microfluidic chambers are powerful tools for studying the distal axons of human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived motor neurons,and have recently been used to demonstrate striking regeneration defects in human motor neurons harboring ALS disease-causing *** the human neuromuscular circuit with human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived motor neurons will be critical for developing drugs that enhance axonal regeneration,sprouting,and reinnervation of neuromuscular *** this review we will discuss compensatory axonal sprouting as a potential therapeutic target for ALS,and the use of compartmentalized microfluidic devices to find drugs that enhance regeneration and axonal sprouting of motor axons.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis axonal regeneration dying-back axonopathy in vitro neuromuscular junction iPSC-derived motor neurons microfluidic device motor axon sprouting

Anomaly Detection in ICS Datasets with Machine Learning Algorithms

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第4期37卷 33-46页

作者： Sinil Mubarak mohamed Hadi Habaebi Md Rafiqul Islam farah Diyana Abdul Rahman Mohammad Tahir International Islamic University Malaysia Jalan Gombak53100Malaysia Sunway University Selangor47500Malaysia

An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) provides a front-line defensemechanism for the Industrial Control System (ICS) dedicated to keeping the process operations running continuously for 24 hours in a day and 7 days in a week.A well-known ICS is the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)system. It supervises the physical process from sensor data and performs remotemonitoring control and diagnostic functions in critical infrastructures. The ICScyber threats are growing at an alarming rate on industrial automation applications. Detection techniques with machine learning algorithms on public datasets,suitable for intrusion detection of cyber-attacks in SCADA systems, as the firstline of defense, have been detailed. The machine learning algorithms have beenperformed with labeled output for prediction classification. The activity trafficbetween ICS components is analyzed and packet inspection of the dataset is performed for the ICS network. The features of flow-based network traffic areextracted for behavior analysis with port-wise profiling based on the data baseline,and anomaly detection classification and prediction using machine learning algorithms are performed.

关键词： Industrial control system SCADA intrusion detection system machine learning anomaly detection

A Compact 28 GHz Millimeter Wave Antenna for Future Wireless Communication

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 301-314页

作者： Shahid Khan Adil bashir Haider Ali Abdul Rauf mohamed Marey Hala Mostafa Ikram Syed LCOMS ASECUniversity de LorraineMetz57070France Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Comsats University IslamabadAbbottabad Campus22060Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Electronics Technology University of TechnologyNowshera24100Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Sciences and TechnologyH-12Islamabad44000Pakistan Smart Systems Engineering Laboratory College of EngineeringPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Computer Software Engineering Military College of SignalsNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan

This article presents a novel modified chuck wagon dinner bell shaped millimeter wave(mm-wave)antenna at 28 *** proposed design has ultra-thin Rogers 5880 substrate with relative permittivity of *** design consists of T shaped resonating elements and two open ended side *** desired 28 GHz frequency response is achieved by careful parametric modeling of the proposed *** maximum achieved single element gain at the desired resonance frequency is 3.45 *** efficiency of the proposed design over the operating band is more than 88%.The impedance bandwidth achieved for−10 dB reference value is nearly 2.9 *** proposed antenna is transformed into four element linear array which increases the gain up to 10.5 *** fabricated prototype is tested for the measured *** is observed that measured results closely match the simulated *** considering its simple structure and focused radiation patterns,the proposed design is well suited for IoT(Internet of Things),mmWave microwave sensing,5G and future RF(Radio Frequency)frontends.

关键词： RF front-ends mmWave partial ground plane 28 GHz IoT 5G antenna

Validation of an epilepsy management smartphone application in Pakistan

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Acta Epileptologica 2022年第1期5卷 36-41页

作者： Victor Patterson Awais bashir Larik mohamed Zaman Soomro Steve Coates Department of Medicine University of KhartoumKhartoumSudan Department of Neurology Peoples UniversityNawabshah 67450Pakistan Epilepsy Medicare Foundation NawabshahPakistan TeleEEG Whitley Bay NE258EEUK

Background:There is no single way to improve epilepsy care in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs).An epilepsy management aid application(app)has been described,which enables a non-physician health worker(NPHW)to communicate with an epilepsy specialist using a *** this study,we aimed to assess the validity and quality of this care system in building connections between NPHWs and specialists in Pakistan and the ***:A NPHW in Pakistan used the app on a series of referrals and sent the app-generated summary by email to a neurologist in the UK,who replied and suggested possible *** were later seen in a face-to-face(FF)manner by the UK neurologist and a local neurologist,and diagnostic accuracy and quality parameters were ***:Over 10 months,59 patients were recruited and 33 of them were available for FF *** misdiagnosis rate of the app was 6%(2 cases).Treatment advice provided by the app was judged appropriate in 32 patients(97%).In addition,46%of the referrals were completed within 2h and 85%within ***:Consistent with an earlier study,this system is a safe method to provide care for patients who cannot access neurological services in *** addition,it has advantage of timeliness compared to FF assessment and requires less specialist time,both of which are especially important during the coronavirus disease 2019 *** system can be generalised easily,depending on the willingness of referrers and specialists to use it.

关键词： epilepsy smart application

Racial differences in prevalence and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第7期13卷 763-773页

作者： Maurizio Bonacini farah Kassamali Swathi Kari Nieves Lopez Barrera mohamed Kohla Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology California Pacific Medical CenterCalifornia Pacific Medical CenterSan FranciscoCA 94115United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology California Pacific Medical CenterSan FranciscoCA 94115United States Department of Internal Medicine St.Mary's medical CenterSan FranciscoCA 94117United States Quest Clinical Research San FranciscoCA 94115United States Department of Hepatology National Liver InstituteMenoufiya UniversityShibin Al Kom 32511MenoufiyaEgypt

The aim of this review is to assess the evidence regarding racial differences in the prevalence and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).We reviewed the published literature that reported prevalence,severity,and genetic associations of NAFLD in different ethnic *** metabolic syndrome(MetS)has been associated with NAFLD,but each component of the MetS is present in various races in different percentages and their effect on NAFLD appears to be *** elevated triglyceride(TG)level seems to have the strongest association with *** latter is more prevalent in Hispanic patients;Blacks have lower TG levels and a lower NAFLD prevalence,compared to Caucasians or *** severity of liver fibrosis is lower in some,but not all biopsy-based studies of Black *** study has evaluated the severity of liver disease controlling for the individual components of MetS,especially *** racial differences in the prevalence of selected genetic polymorphisms,particularly PNPLA-3 and MBOAT7 have been documented,together with their effects on the prevalence of liver steatosis and *** on overall and liver mortality have found no significant differences according to race/ethnicity,with the possible exception of one paper reporting lower cirrhosis mortality in Black *** conclude that NAFLD is more prevalent in Hispanics and less in *** is supported by differences in key genetic polymorphisms associated with hepatic fat ***,there is presently insufficient evidence to firmly conclude that race,per se,plays a role in the development of liver fibrosis and its *** studies,appropriately controlled for diet,exercise,and individual MetS parameters are needed.

关键词： Race Ethnicity Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Fatty liver disease Metabolic syndrome

Identification of functional tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter variants associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in the Sudanese population: Computational approach

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第2期28卷 242-262页

作者： Abeer Babiker Idris Alaa B Idris Manal A Gumaa Mohammed Babiker Idris Amanda Elgoraish mohamed Mansour Dalia Allam bashir MO Arbab Nazar Beirag El-Amin M Ibrahim mohamed A Hassan Department of Agricultural Science and Technology Institute of Natural and Applied SciencesErciyes UniversityKayseri 38039Turkey Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory SciencesUniversity of KhartoumKhartoum 11111Sudan Department of Neurosurgery Ribat University HospitalKhartoum 11111Sudan BioMérieux Clinical and Application Advisor Al-Jeel Medical Co.Riyadh 11422Saudi Arabia Department of Epidemiology Tropical Medicine Research InstituteKhartoum 11111Sudan Department of Gastroenterology Ibn Sina Specialized HospitalKhartoum 11111Sudan Department of Gastroenterology Modern Medical CentreKhartoum 11111Sudan Biosciences College of HealthMedicine and Life SciencesBrunel UniversityLondon UB83PHUxbridgeUnited Kingdom Department of Translation Bioinformatics Detavax BiotechKayseri 38350Turkey

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)is a ubiquitous bacterium that affects nearly half of the world’s population with a high morbidity and mortality *** within the tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-A)promoter region are considered a possible genetic basis for this *** To functionally characterize the genetic variations in the TNF-A 5’-region(-584 to+107)of Sudanese patients infected with *** using in silico *** An observational study was carried out in major public and private hospitals in Khartoum state.A total of 122 gastric biopsies were taken from patients who had been referred for *** DNA was *** of the TNF-A-1030 polymorphism was performed using PCR with confronting two-pair primer to investigate its association with the susceptibility to *** infection in the Sudanese ***,Sanger sequencing was applied to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms in the 5’-region(-584 to+107)of TNF-A in ***-infected *** analyses were used to predict whether these mutations would alter transcription factor binding sites or composite regulatory elements in this region.A comparative profiling analysis was conducted in 11 species using the ECR browser and multiple-sequence local alignment and visualization search engine to investigate the possible ***,a multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to estimate odds ratios and their 95%confidence intervals for the association between TNF-A-1030,sociodemographic characteristics and *** *** were statistically significant if PA,-76)was located at the in silico-predicted promoter region(-146 to+10),and it was predicted to alter transcription factor b

关键词： 5’-region Promoter TNF-A Helicobacter pylori In silico analysis Sudan