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Barley chitinase genes expression revamp resistance against whitefly (Bemisia Tabaci) in transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 90-100页

作者： bashir samina YAQOOB Amina bashir Rohina BUKHARI Shanila SHAHID Naila AZAM Saira BAKHSH Allah HUSNAIN Tayyab SHAHID Ahmad Ali RAO Abdul Qayyum Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the PunjabLahore 53700Pakistan Department of Botany Kinnaird College for Women UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Botany Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute of Botany University of the PunjabLahore 54590Pakistan.

Background Chitinase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes chitin,a major component of the exoskeleton of insects,including plant pests like *** present study aimed to investigate the expression of chemically synthesized barley ch1 and chi2 genes in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)through Agrobacterium-mediated ***-five putative transgenic cotton plants were obtained,out of which fifteen plants successfully survived and were shifted to the *** gene-specific primers,amplification of 447 bp and 401 bp fragments confirmed the presence of the ch1 and chi2 genes in five transgenic cotton plants of the T0 *** five plants were further evalu-ated for their mRNA expression *** T0 transgenic cotton plants with the highest mRNA expression level and better yield performance in field,were selected to raise their subsequent *** The T1 cotton plants showed the highest mRNA expression levels of 3.5-fold in P10(2)for the ch1 gene and 3.7-fold in P2(1)for the chi2 *** in situ hybridization(FISH)confirmed a single copy number of ch1 and chi2(hemizygous)on chromosome ***,the efficacy of transgenes on whitefly was evaluated through an insect bioassay,where after 96 h of infestation,mortality rates of whitefly were calculated to be 78%–80%in transgenic cotton *** number of eggs on transgenic cotton plants were calculated to be 0.1%–0.12 per plant compared with the non-transgenic plants where egg number was calculated to be 0.90–1.00 per *** Based on these findings,it can be concluded that the chemically synthesized barley chitinase genes(ch1 and chi2)have the potential to be effective against insects with chitin exoskeletons,including *** transgenic cotton plants expressing these genes showed increased resistance to whiteflies,resulting in reduced egg numbers and higher mortality rates.

关键词： Chitinase Cotton White fly Transgene Bioassay

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Social Media-Based Surveillance Systems for Health Informatics Using Machine and Deep Learning Techniques:A Comprehensive Review and Open Challenges

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1167-1202页

作者： samina Amin Muhammad Ali Zeb Hani Alshahrani Mohammed Hamdi Mohammad Alsulami Asadullah Shaikh Institute of Computing Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohat26000Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Information System College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia

Social media(SM)based surveillance systems,combined with machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL)techniques,have shown potential for early detection of epidemic *** review discusses the current state of SM-based surveillance methods for early epidemic outbreaks and the role of ML and DL in enhancing their ***,every year,a large amount of data related to epidemic outbreaks,particularly Twitter data is generated by *** paper outlines the theme of SM analysis for tracking health-related issues and detecting epidemic outbreaks in SM,along with the ML and DL techniques that have been configured for the detection of epidemic *** has emerged as a promising ML technique that adaptsmultiple layers of representations or features of the data and yields state-of-the-art extrapolation *** recent years,along with the success of ML and DL in many other application domains,both ML and DL are also popularly used in SM *** paper aims to provide an overview of epidemic outbreaks in SM and then outlines a comprehensive analysis of ML and DL approaches and their existing applications in SM ***,this review serves the purpose of offering suggestions,ideas,and proposals,along with highlighting the ongoing challenges in the field of early outbreak detection that still need to be addressed.

关键词： Social media epidemic machine learning deep learning health informatics pandemic

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The Entomological Efficacy of Piperonyl Butoxide (PBO) Combined with a Pyrethroid in Insecticide-Treated Nets for Malaria Prevention: A Village-Based Cohort Study Prior to Large-Scale Deployment of New Generation Mosquito Nets in Burkina Faso

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第3期12卷 224-248页

作者： Aristide S. Hien samina Maiga Koama Bayili Adissa Y. Ouattara Dieudonné D. Soma Richard Bationo Georges Benson Meda Delphine O. Karama Tiecoura Camara Georges Anicet Ouedraogo Roch K. Dabiré Abdoulaye Diabaté Malaria and Neglected Tropical Disease Department Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant (IRSS) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Sciences and Techniques Department Institut du Developpement Rural Universit Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Vector Control Department Permanent Secretariat for Malaria Elimination Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The efficacy of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) is increasingly compromised by the prevalence of malaria vectors resistant to pyrethroids. In response to this issue, a new generation of ITNs has been developed that incorporate synergistic components, such as piperonyl butoxide (PBO). The purpose of this study is to provide entomological evidence for the efficacy of a PBO-based ITN brand at the village level, serving as a basis for decision-making before large-scale net deployment. During the high malaria transmission period, ITNs were distributed in each group and vector sampling was conducted biweekly in selected households. Bionomic data were collected to assess the resistance of wild An. gambiae populations to various chemical insecticides. There was a significant disparity in total An. gambiae sl. collected between the ITN arms, the intervention arm (ITN arms), and the control arm (P = 0.003). An. coluzzi was identified as the predominant species in the study area, as confirmed by PCR analysis. Analysis of the blood-feeding inhibition rate revealed that 100% permethrin + PBO ITN exhibited significantly greater inhibition than 66.81% permethrin only ITN. According to the log-time probit regression analysis, permethrin exhibited a knockdown time of 256 min without synergists, while it decreased to 139 min (P = 0.001) when pre-exposed to PBO. The evidence from this trial supports the use of PBO ITNs over standard ITNs for pyrethroids to combat pyrethroid resistance and improve protection against malaria for both individuals and communities, particularly in areas with high pyrethroid resistance.

关键词： Pyrethroid Resistance Permethrin + PBO ITNs Permethrin ITN Bionomic Data Insecticide Susceptibility Data Burkina Faso

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Kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism in pathophysiology and therapy of major depressive disorder

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第4期13卷 141-148页

作者： Abdulla A-B Badawy Shazia Dawood samina Bano Formerly School of Health Sciences Cardiff Metropolitan UniversityCardiff CF52YBUnited Kingdom Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences Iqra UniversityKarachi 7580Pakistan Biochemistry Karachi UniversityKarachi 75270Pakistan

Serotonin deficiency in major depressive disorder(MDD)has formed the basis of antidepressant drug development and was originally attributed to induction of the major tryptophan(Trp)-degrading enzyme,liver Trp 2,3-dioxygenase(TDO),by cortisol,leading to decreased Trp availability to the brain for serotonin ***,the serotonin deficiency was proposed to involve induction of the extrahepatic Trp-degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)by proinflammatory cytokines,with inflammation being the underlying *** evidence,however,challenges this latter concept,as not all MDD patients are immune-activated and,when present,inflammation is mild and/or transient.A wide range of antidepressant drugs inhibit the activity of liver TDO and bind specifically to the enzyme,but not to *** induction is not a major event in MDD,but,when it occurs,its metabolic consequences may be masked and overridden by upregulation of kynurenine monooxygenase(KMO),the gateway to production of modulators of immune and neuronal *** appears to be activated in MDD by certain proinflammatory cytokines and antidepressants with anti-inflammatory properties may block this *** demonstrate the ability of the antidepressant ketamine to dock(bind)to *** pathophysiology of MDD may be underpinned by both the serotonin deficiency and glutamatergic activation mediated respectively by TDO induction and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor *** of TDO and KMO should be the focus of MDD pharmacotherapy.

关键词： Major depressive disorder Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase Kynurenine monooxygenase Proinflammatory cytokines Serotonin deficiency Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase

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Heart Disease Diagnosis Using the Brute Force Algorithm and Machine Learning Techniques

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3195-3211页

作者： Junaid Rashid samina Kanwal Jungeun Kim Muhammad Wasif Nisar Usman Naseem Amir Hussain Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kongju National UniversityCheonan31080Korea Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadWah Campus47040Pakistan School of Computer Science University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Centre of AI and Data Science Edinburgh Napier UniversityEdinburghEH114DYUK

Heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in the world *** of heart disease is a prominent topic in the clinical data *** increase patient survival rates,early diagnosis of heart disease is an important field of research in the medical *** are many studies on the prediction of heart disease,but limited work is done on the selection of *** selection of features is one of the best techniques for the diagnosis of heart *** this research paper,we find optimal features using the brute-force algorithm,and machine learning techniques are used to improve the accuracy of heart disease *** performance evaluation,accuracy,sensitivity,and specificity are used with split and cross-validation *** results of the proposed technique are evaluated in three different heart disease datasets with a different number of records,and the proposed technique is found to have superior *** selection of optimized features generated by the brute force algorithm is used as input to machine learning algorithms such as Support Vector Machine(SVM),Random Forest(RF),K Nearest Neighbor(KNN),and Naive Bayes(NB).The proposed technique achieved 97%accuracy with Naive Bayes through split validation and 95%accuracy with Random Forest through *** Bayes and Random Forest are found to outperform other classification approaches when accurately *** results of the proposed technique are compared with the results of the existing study,and the results of the proposed technique are found to be better than other ***,our proposed approach plays an important role in the selection of important features and the automatic detection of heart disease.

关键词： Heart disease brute force machine learning feature selection

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Metal-Doped Brushite Cement for Bone Regeneration

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第6期20卷 2716-2731页

作者： Muhammad Aqib Aneela Anwar Humayun Ajaz samina Akbar Ahsan Manzoor Maham Abid Zohaib Waheed Qudsia Kanwal Department of Chemistry University of Engineering and TechnologyGT RoadLahore54890Pakistan Department of Chemistry University of LahoreLahore5400Pakistan

For the past several years,calcium phosphate cement was used in the biomedical *** biocompatibility,good bioactivity,self-setting qualities,minimum setting degree,appropriate toughness,and simple shape to accommodate any difficult geometry are among their most notable *** phosphate has some types and brushite is one of the most attractive mineral for bone repair *** is extensively employed in filling fractures and trauma treatments as a bone substituted *** kind of material can potentially be used as a medicine delivery *** replacement of metal,such as magnesium,zinc,and strontium ions,into the calcium phosphate structure is a major research topic these *** cement has low mechanical strength and quick setting *** is possible to produce biomaterials with higher mechanical *** adding metal that are great potential in controlling cellular density when included into *** a result,it is a successful method to develop quite well regenerative *** paper provides a detailed summary of the present achievements of metal-doped brushite cement for bone repair and healing *** major purpose of this work is to give a simple but thorough analysis of current successes in brushite cement doped with Zn,Mg,Sr,and other ions as well as to highlight new advancements and *** impact of metal replacement on cement physical and chemical properties,including microstructure,setting time,injectability,mechanical property,and ion release,is *** metal-doped cement has osteogenesis,angiogenesis,and antibacterial properties,as well as their prospective utility as drug carriers,also considered.

关键词： Calcium phosphate Brushite Bone cement Metal dopants Bone regeneration

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Optimization and modeling of glyphosate biodegradation by a novel Comamonas odontotermitis P2 through response surface methodology

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Pedosphere 2020年第5期30卷 618-627页

作者： Sadiqa FIRDOUS samina IQBAL samina ANWAR Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering(NIBGE)Faisalabad 38000(Pakistan) Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences(PIEAS) NiloreIslamabad 45650(Pakistan)

Glyphosate is an important organophosphonate herbicide used to eliminate grasses and herbaceous plants in many vegetation management *** extensive use is causing environmental pollution,and consequently,there is a need to remove it from the environment using an eco-friendly and cost-effective *** a step to address this problem,a novel bacterial strain Comamonas odontotermitis F2,capable to utilize glyphosate as a carbon(C)and/or phosphorus(P)source,was isolated from a glyphostate-contaminated field soil in Australia and *** surface methodology(RSM)employing a 2^3 full factorial central composite design was used to optimize glyphosate degradation by *** P2 under various culture *** strain *** P2 was proficient in degrading 1.5 g L^-1 glyphosate completely within 104 *** optimal conditions for the degradation of glyphosate were found to be pH 7.4,29.9℃,and an inoculum density of 0.54 g L^-1,resulting in a maximum degradation of 90%.Sequencing of glyphosate oxidoreductase(GOX)and C-P lyase(phnJ)genes from *** P2 revealed 999c and 93%identities to already reported bacterial GOX and phnJ genes,*** presence of these two genes in *** indicates its potential to degrade glyphosate through GOX and C-P lyase metabolic *** study demonstrates the potential of *** P2 for efficient degradation of glyphosate,which can be exploited for remediation of glyphosate.

关键词： bacterial strain central composite rotatable design glyphosate oxidoreductase high-performance liquid chromatography inoculum density organophosphonate herbicide remediation

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A Neural Study of the Fractional Heroin Epidemic Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 4453-4467页

作者： Wajaree Weera Thongchai Botmart samina Zuhra Zulqurnain Sabir Muhammad Asif Zahoor Raja Salem Ben Said Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen40002Thailand Department of Computing and Engineering Abasyn University PeshawarPakistan Department of Mathematics and Statistics Hazara UniversityMansehra21120Pakistan Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology123 University RoadSection 3DouliouYunlin64002Taiwan Department of Mathematical Science College of Science United Arab Emirates University Al Ain Abu DhabiUAE

This works intends to provide numerical solutions based on the nonlinear fractional order derivatives of the classical White and Comiskey model(NFD-WCM).The fractional order derivatives have provided authentic and accurate solutions for the *** solutions of the fractional NFD-WCM are provided using the stochastic computing supervised algorithm named Levenberg-Marquard Backpropagation(LMB)based on neural networks(NNs).This regression approach combines gradient descent and Gauss-Newton iterative methods,which means finding a solution through the sequences of different *** is used to demonstrate the heroin *** has been on-growth world wide,mainly in Asia,Europe,and the *** is the fourth foremost cause of death due to taking an overdose in the *** nonlinear mathematical system NFD-WCM discusses the overall circumstance of different drug users,such as suspected groups,drug users without treatment,and drug users with *** numerical results of NFD-WCM via LMB-NNs have been substantiated through training,testing,and validation *** stability and accuracy are then checked through the statistical tool,such asmean square error(MSE),error histogram,and fitness *** suggested methodology’s strength is demonstrated by the high convergence between the reference solutions and the solutions generated by adding the efficacy of a constructed solver LMB-NNs,with accuracy levels ranging from 10?9 to 10?10.

关键词： Fractional order heroin epidemic mathematical system white-comiskey model numerical results neural networks

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Measurement of Plasma Parameters of Calcium and Silicon in a Rock Sample Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

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光谱学与光谱分析 2017年第10期37卷 3266-3269页

作者： Uzma G M.Junaid Khalid Alamgir T samina Department of Physics University of Wah NINVAST National Centre of PhysicsQuaid-e-Azam University

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopic(LIBS)technique was used to detect calcium and silicon in an unknown *** this method plasma was generated by Nd∶YAG laser of wavelength 1 064 nm with energy 400 mJ and pulse duration between 5~*** method was applied for the qualitative as well as quantitative *** the qualitative analysis,the electron number density(Ne)of plasma containing calcium and silicon is determined showing that Neof neutral particles is equivalent to 1016(cm-3)whereas for ionized particles it is 1017(cm-3).Plasma temperature is measured using Boltzmann plot method which must be greater than 10 000 *** ratio method is used for the quantitative analysis shows various elements in abundance with calcium and silicon in majority.

关键词： LIBS Plasma parameter Quantitative analysis Qualitative analysis

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P450基因在氯虫苯甲酰胺不同抗性品系小菜蛾中的表达及功能分析

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中国农业科学 2022年第13期55卷 2562-2571页

作者：尹飞李振宇 samina Shabbir 林庆胜广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室

【目的】以十字花科蔬菜害虫小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella）为研究对象，筛选参与小菜蛾代谢氯虫苯甲酰胺的主要细胞色素P450解毒基因，为阐明不同抗性水平小菜蛾对氯虫苯甲酰胺的抗性机理提供依据。【方法】利用叶片药膜法测定不同小... 详细信息

【目的】以十字花科蔬菜害虫小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella）为研究对象，筛选参与小菜蛾代谢氯虫苯甲酰胺的主要细胞色素P450解毒基因，为阐明不同抗性水平小菜蛾对氯虫苯甲酰胺的抗性机理提供依据。【方法】利用叶片药膜法测定不同小菜蛾种群3龄幼虫对氯虫苯甲酰的抗性水平，通过转录组测序、insectbase数据库和小菜蛾基因组数据库筛选得到52个细胞色素P450基因。应用MEGA5.10软件对52个细胞色素P450基因进行进化分析，获得与抗药性密切相关的CYP3和CYP4家族P450基因。利用实时荧光定量PCR方法分析目的基因在小菜蛾室内筛选种群（HZY）和田间抗性种群惠州种群（HZ）、连州种群（LZ）、东升种群（DS）、钟落潭种群（ZLT）中的表达量，选用RNA干扰技术，采用注射法，验证在抗性种群中显著上调表达的CYP6BF1V4在小菜蛾抗氯虫苯甲酰胺中的功能。【结果】抗药性测定结果表明，LZ和HZ小菜蛾种群为中等水平抗性，ZLT、DS和HZY小菜蛾种群为高水平抗性。对52个细胞色素P450基因的系统发育树分析发现，小菜蛾拥有10个CYP4家族基因，28个CYP3家族基因，其中2个CYP4家族基因在HZ和HZY种群中的表达量显著高于敏感种群，4个CYP3家族基因表达量与小菜蛾抗性呈正相关，8个基因在中等水平抗性小菜蛾体内的表达量高于在高水平抗性小菜蛾体内的表达量。对田间种群进一步筛选得到6个与小菜蛾抗氯虫苯甲酰胺密切相关，在不同抗性种群中均上调表达的细胞色素P450基因，其中4个为CYP6家族基因（CYP6BF1V4、CYP6BF1V3、CYP6f1和CYP6B6）,2个为CYP9家族基因（CYP9G2.1和CYP9G2.2），以CYP6BF1V4的表达量最高，其在抗性种群中的表达量是在敏感种群中表达量的3.5—6.3倍。RNA干扰结果显示，沉默CYP6BF1V4能够显著提高小菜蛾对氯虫苯甲酰胺的敏感性。【结论】CYP6BF1V4、CYP6BF1V3、CYP6f1、CYP6B6、CYP9G2.1和CYP9G2.2可能在小菜蛾体内协同调控多功能氧化酶的表达，从而加快小菜蛾代谢氯虫苯甲酰胺的速度，提高小菜蛾对氯虫苯甲酰胺的抗性。

关键词：小菜蛾抗药性氯虫苯甲酰胺 CYP6 CYP9 代谢活性 RNA干扰

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