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How small could a pup sound？ The physical bases of signaling body size in harbor seals

Current Zoology 2017年第4期63卷 457-465页

作者： Andrea RAVIGNANI Stephanie GROSS Maxime GARCIA Ana RUBIO-GARCIA bart de boer Veterinary & Research department Sealcentre Pieterburen Hoofdstraat 94a Pieterburen AG 9968 The Netherlands Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pleinlaan 2 Brussels 1050 Belgium Language and Cognition department Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Wundtlaan 1 Nijmegen XD 6525 The Netherlands Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation Werftstrasse 6 Buesum 25761 Germany ENES Lab/Neuro-PSI CNRS UMR9197 University of Lyon/Saint Etienne 23 rue Paul Michelon 42023 Saint-Etienne cedex 2 France

Vocal communication is a crucial aspect of animal behavior. The mechanism which most mam- mals use to vocalize relies on three anatomical components. First, air overpressure is generated in- side the lower vocal tract. Second, as the airstream goes through the glottis, sound is produced via vocal fold vibration. Third, this sound is further filtered by the geometry and length of the upper vocal tract. Evidence from mammalian anatomy and bioacoustics suggests that some of these three components may covary with an animal＇s body size. The framework provided by acoustic al- Iometry suggests that, because vocal tract length （VTL） is more strongly constrained by the growth of the body than vocal fold length （VFL）, VTL generates more reliable acoustic cues to an animal＇s size. This hypothesis is often tested acoustically but rarely anatomically, especially in pinnipeds. Here, we test the anatomical bases of the acoustic allometry hypothesis in harbor seal pups Phoca vitulina. We dissected and measured vocal tract, vocal folds, and other anatomical features of 15 harbor seals post-mortem. We found that, while VTL correlates with body size, VFL does not. This suggests that, while body growth puts anatomical constraints on how vocalizations are filtered by harbor seals＇ vocal tract, no such constraints appear to exist on vocal folds, at least during puppy- hood. It is particularly interesting to find anatomical constraints on harbor seals＇ vocal tracts, the same anatomical region partially enabling pups to produce individually distinctive vocalizations.

关键词： acoustic allometry honest signaling larynx pinniped vocal tract.

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Humans identify negative （but not positive） arousal in silver fox vocalizations： implications for the adaptive value of interspecific eavesdropping

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Current Zoology 2017年第4期63卷 445-456页

作者： Piera FILIPPI Svetlana S. GOGOLEVA Elena V. VOLODINA Ilya A. VOLODIN bart de boer Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium Brain and Language Research Institute Aix-Marseille University Avenue Pasteur 5 13604 Aix-en-Provence France Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Department of Language and Cognition Wundtlaan 1 6525 XD Nijmegen The Netherlands department of Vertebrate Zoology Faculty of Biology Lomonosov Moscow State University Vorobievy Gory 1/12 119991 Moscow Russia Scientific Research department Moscow Zoo B. Gruzinskaya 1 123242 Moscow Russia

The ability to identify emotional arousal in heterospecific vocalizations may facilitate behaviors that increase survival opportunities. Crucially, this ability may orient inter-species interactions, par- ticularly between humans and other species. Research shows that humans identify emotional arousal in vocalizations across multiple species, such as cats, dogs, and piglets. However, no previ- ous study has addressed humans＂ ability to identify emotional arousal in silver foxes. Here, we adopted low- and high-arousal calls emitted by three strains of silver fox--Tame, Aggressive, and Unselected--in response to human approach. Tame and Aggressive foxes are genetically selected for friendly and attacking behaviors toward humans, respectively. Unselected foxes show aggres- sive and fearful behaviors toward humans. These three strains show similar levels of emotional arousal, but different levels of emotional valence in relation to humans. This emotional information is reflected in the acoustic features of the calls. Our data suggest that humans can identify high- arousal calls of Aggressive and Unselected foxes, but not of Tame foxes. Further analyses revealed that, although within each strain different acoustic parameters affect human accuracy in identifying high-arousal calls, spectral center of gravity, harmonic-to-noise ratio, and F0 best predict humans＇ ability to discriminate high-arousal calls across all strains. Furthermore, we identified in spectral center of gravity and F0 the best predictors for humans＇ absolute ratings of arousal in each call. Implications for research on the adaptive value of inter-specific eavesdropping are discussed.

关键词： eavesdropping emotional arousal emotional valence inter-species communication silver foxes vocal communication.

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Ontogeny of vocal rhythms in harbor seal pups: an exploratory study

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Current Zoology 2019年第1期65卷 107-120页

作者： Andrea RAViGNANi Christopher T. Kello Koen de Reus Sonja A KoTz Simone Dalla BELLA Margarita Mendez-Arostegui Beatriz Rapado-Tamarit Ana Rubio-Garcia bart de boer Research department Sealcentre Pieterburen Pieterburen The Netherlands Artificial Intelligenee Lab Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels Belgium Cognitive and Information Sciences University of California Merced CA USA Basic and Applied NeuroDynamics Lab Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands department of Neuropsychology Max-Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig Germany International Laboratory for Brain Music and Sound Research (BRAMS) Montreal QC Canada department of Psychology University of Montreal Montreal QC Canada department of Cognitive Psychology WSFiZ in Warsaw Warsaw Poland

Puppyhood is a very active social and vocal period in a harbor seal's life Ph oca vitulina. An important feature of vocalizations is their temporal and rhythmic structure, and understanding vocal timing and rhythms in harbor seals is critical to a cross-species hypothesis in evolutionary neuroscience that links vocal learning, rhythm perception, and synchronization. This study utilized analytical techniques that may best capture rhythmic structure in pup vocalizations with the goal of examining whether (1) harbor seal pups show rhythmic structure in their calls and (2) rhythms evolve over time. Calls of 3 wild-born seal pups were recorded daily over the course of 1-3 weeks;3 temporal features were analyzed using 3 complementary techniques. We identified temporal and rhythmic structure in pup calls across different time windows. The calls of harbor seal pups exhibit some degree of temporal and rhythmic organization, which evolves over puppyhood and resembles that of other species' in teractive comm un icati on. We suggest n ext steps for investigating call structure in harbor seal pups and propose comparative hypotheses to test in other pinniped species.

关键词： bioacoustics pinnipeds rhythm timing vocal development

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Spinal fixation after laminectomy in pigs prevents postoperative spinal cord injury

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2022年第2期5卷 153-160页

作者： Emma M.H.Slot bart de boer Saskia Redegeld Sander van Thoor Nizar Moayeri Willem-bart Slooff Irene A.Schaafsma Björn Meij Tristan P.C.van Doormaal department of Neurology and Neurosurgery University Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands department of Neurosurgery Elizabeth TweeSteden HospitalTilburgThe Netherlands Brain Technology Institute UtrechtThe Netherlands department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands department of Neurosurgery Clinical Neuroscience CenterUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Background:A safe,effective,and ethically sound animal model is essential for preclinical research to investigate spinal medical *** report the initial failure of a porcine spinal survival model and a potential solution by fixating the ***:Eleven female Dutch Landrace pigs underwent a spinal lumbar interlaminar decompression with durotomy and were randomized for implantation of a medical device or control *** resonance imaging(MRI)was performed before ***:Neurological deficits were observed in 6 out of the first 8 *** of these animals were terminated prematurely because they reached the predefined humane *** cord compression and myelopathy was observed on postoperative MRI *** hypothesized postoperative spinal instability with epidural hematoma,inherent to the biology of the model,and subsequent spinal cord injury as a potential *** the subsequent 3 animals,we fixated the spine with Lubra *** these animals recovered without neurological *** extent of spinal cord compression on MRI was variable across animals and did not seem to correspond well with neurological ***:This study shows that in a porcine in vivo model of interlaminar decompression and durotomy,fixation of the spine after lumbar interlaminar decompression is feasible and may improve neurological *** research is necessary to evaluate this hypothesis.

关键词： fixation i nterlaminar decompression medical device model spinal cord injury

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Histological and magnetic resonance imaging assessment of Liqoseal in a spinal in vivo pig model

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2023年第1期6卷 74-80页

作者： Emma M.H.Slot Wilhelmina Bergmann Ahmet Kinaci bart de boer Nizar Moayeri Saskia Redegeld Sander van Thoor Tristan P.C.van Doormaal department of Neurology and Neurosurgery University Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands department of Translational Neuroscience Brain CenterUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands department of Biomolecular Health Sciences Division of PathologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands department of Neurosurgery Elizabeth TweeSteden ziekenhuisTilburgthe Netherlands Brain Technology Institute Utrechtthe Netherlands department of Neurosurgery Clinical Neuroscience CenterUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Background:Liqoseal (Polyganics,B.V.) is a dural sealant patch for preventing postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) *** has been extensively tested preclinically and CE (Conformite Européenne) approved for human use after a first cranial in-human ***,the safety of Liqoseal for spinal application is still *** aim of this study was to assess the safety of spinal Liqoseal application compared with cranial application using histology and magnetic resonance imaging ***:Eight female Dutch Landrace pigs underwent laminectomy,durotomy with standard suturing and Liqoseal *** control animals underwent the same procedure without sealant *** histological characteristics and imaging characteristics of animals with similar survival times were compared to data from a previous cranial porcine ***:Similar foreign body reactions were observed in spinal and cranial *** foreign body reaction consisted of neutrophils and reactive fibroblasts in the first3 days,changing to a chronic granulomatous inflammatory reaction with an increasing number of macrophages and lymphocytes and the formation of a fibroblast layer on the dura by day *** Liqoseal plus dura thickness reached a maximum of 1.2mm(range 0.7-2.0mm) at day ***:The spinal dural histological reaction to Liqoseal during the first 7days was similar to the cranial dural *** did not swell significantly in both application areas over *** the current lack of a safe and effective dural sealant for spinal application,we propose that an in-human safety study of Liqoseal is the logical next step.

关键词： reaction resonance magnetic

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3dCAP-Wheat: An Open-Source Comprehensive Computational Framework Precisely Quantifies Wheat Foliar, Nonfoliar, and Canopy Photosynthesis

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Plant Phenomics 2022年第1期4卷 156-174页

作者： Tian-Gen Chang Zai Shi Honglong Zhao Qingfeng Song Zhonghu He Jeroen Van Rie bart den boer Alexander Galle Xin-Guang Zhu National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Insitute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)China Office Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China BASF Belgium Coordination Center-Innovation Center Gent Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 1019052 GentBelgium

Canopy photosynthesis is the sum of photosynthesis of all above-ground photosynthetic *** roles of nonfoliar tissues in canopy photosynthesis remain elusive due to methodology ***,we develop the first complete canopy photosynthesis model incorporating all above-ground photosynthetic tissues and validate this model on wheat with state-of-the-art gas exchange measurement facilities.

关键词： Wheat Canopy photosynthesis

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Bayer CropScience公司的油菜In Vigor杂交种和基于生物技术改良作物的十年历程

Bayer CropScience公司的油菜In Vigor杂交种和基于生物技术改良...

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第十二届国际油菜大会

作者： bart Lambert Marc de Block bart den boer Benjamin Laga Hieronim Polewicz Garth Hodges Bayer BioScience N.V. Technologiepark 38B-6052 GentBelgium Bayer BioScience N.V. Technologiepark 38B-6052 GentBelgium Bayer BioScience N.V. Technologiepark 38B-6052 GentBelgium Bayer BioScience N.V. Technologiepark 38B-6052 GentBelgium Bayer CropScience Inc. 37242 Highway 41SaskatoonCanada 3Bayer CropScience Inc.1003131-114 Ave SE.Calgary ABT2Z3X2Canada Bayer CropScience Inc. 37242 Highway 41SaskatoonCanada 3Bayer CropScience Inc.1003131-114 Ave SE.Calgary ABT2Z3X2Canada

今年是Bayer CropScience公司在北美以In Vigor为商标的油菜杂交种商业化的第10周年。90年代初出现的SeedLink杂交技术使Bayer Crop Science公司史无前例地开发和经济有效地生产油菜杂交种。In Vigor杂交种以其杰出的产量表现、产量稳...

今年是Bayer CropScience公司在北美以In Vigor为商标的油菜杂交种商业化的第10周年。90年代初出现的SeedLink杂交技术使Bayer Crop Science公司史无前例地开发和经济有效地生产油菜杂交种。In Vigor杂交种以其杰出的产量表现、产量稳定性和独特的抗除草剂能力,很快获得显著的市场份额。Bayer Crop Science公司是北美当今一家处于领先地位的油菜种子和作物生产公司。In Vigor杂交种育种计划一开始就用发现的大量天然变异和标记-等位基因武装。许多有价值的农艺和品质性状,包括开花期、抗病性、植株结构和油的品质,通过正向遗传学进行鉴定,多个标记-等位基因组合已用SeedLink技术整合到优良杂种。基于多个不相关的双单倍体作图群体已构建了统计遗传图,该图包含2000多个标记、多个基因和100多个统计相关的数量性状位点（QTLs）。反向遗传学通过敲除关键目标基因也常常用来产生新的性状。基因定向修饰技术即将可用于对油菜天然等位基因的定向修饰。高通量测序方法将进一步推进相关基因组区域的鉴定。我们对油菜基因组结构变异和杂种优势的进一步了解将使Bayer CropScience公司培育北美新一代In Vigor杂交种、研究油菜中具有知识产权的性状并在世界重要产区进行冬油菜、芥菜育种。

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Bacterial volatiles elicit differential olfactory responses in insect species from the same and different trophic levels

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Insect Science 2023年第5期30卷 1464-1480页

作者： Francine Antoinette Cornelus van Neerbos Peter dewitte Felix Wäckers Tom Wenseleers Hans Jacquemyn bart Lievens CMPG Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management(PME&BIM) Department M2SKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Leuven Plant Institute(LPI) KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Laboratory of Socioecology and Social Evolution Biology DepartmentKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Biobest WesterloBelgium Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterUK Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Population Biology Biology DepartmentKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium

Insect communities consist of species from several trophic levels that have to forage for suitable resources among and within larger patches of *** locate their resources,insects use diverse stimuli,including olfactory,visual,acoustic,tactile and gustatory *** most research has focused on cues derived from plants and other insects,there is mounting evidence that insects also respond to volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emitted by ***,to date little is known about how the olfactory response of insects within and across different trophic levels is affected by bacterial *** this study,we used Y-tube bioassays and chemical analysis of VOCs to assess how VOCs emitted by bacteria affect the olfactory response of insects of the same and different trophic *** were performed using two aphid species(Amphorophora idaei Börner and Myzus persicae *** Blackman),three primary parasitoid species(Aphidius colemani Viereck,*** Haliday,and *** Viereck),and two hyperparasitoid species(Asaphes suspensus Nees and dendrocerus aphidum Rondani).Olfactory responses were evaluated for three bacterial strains(Bacillus pumilus ST18.16/133,Curtobacterium ***18.16/085,and Staphylococcus saprophyticus ST18.16/160)that were isolated from the habitat of the *** revealed that insects from all trophic levels responded to bacterial volatiles,but olfactory responses varied between and within trophic *** bacteria produced the same set of volatile compounds,but often in different relative *** 11 of these volatiles we found contrasting correlations between their concentration and the behavior of the primary parasitoids and ***,olfactometer experiments on three of these compounds confirmed the contrasting olfactory responses of primary parasitoids and *** potential of these findings for the development of novel semiochemical-based strategies to improve

关键词： aphids behavioral response hyperparasitoids parasitoids trophic chain

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