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Infection-acquired versus vaccine-acquired immunity in an SIRWS model

Infectious disease Modelling 2018年第1期3卷 118-135页

作者： Tiffany Leung Patricia T.Campbell barry d.hughes Federico Frascoli James M.McCaw School of Mathematics and Statistics University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria 3010Australia Victorian Infectious diseases Reference Laboratory Epidemiology Unit Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVictoria 3010Australia Infection and Immunity Research Theme Murdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's HospitalParkvilleVictoria 3052Australia department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceEngineering and TechnologySwinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVictoria 3122Australia Melbourne School of Population and Global Health University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria 3010Australia

In some disease systems,the process of waning immunity can be subtle,involving a complex relationship between the duration of immunitydacquired either through natural infection or vaccinationdand subsequent boosting of immunity through asymptomatic *** present and analyse a model of infectious disease transmission where primary and secondary infections are distinguished to examine the interplay between infection and *** we allow the duration of infection-acquired immunity to differ from that of vaccine-acquired immunity to explore the impact on long-term disease patterns and prevalence of infection in the presence of immune *** model demonstrates that vaccination may induce cyclic behaviour,and the ability of vaccinations to reduce primary infections may not lead to decreased *** the boosting of vaccine-acquired immunity delays a primary infection,the driver of transmission largely remains primary *** contrast,if the immune boosting bypasses a primary infection,secondary infections become the main driver of transmission under a sufficiently long duration of *** results show that the epidemiological patterns of an infectious disease may change considerably when the duration of vaccine-acquired immunity differs from that of infection-acquired *** study highlights that for any particular disease and associated vaccine,a detailed understanding of the waning and boosting of immunity and how the duration of protection is influenced by infection prevalence are important as we seek to optimise vaccination strategies.

关键词： Infectious disease modelling Vaccination Waning immunity Immune boosting

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Natural parasites in conjunction with behavioral and color traits explain male agonistic behaviors in a lizard

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 59-69页

作者： Rodrigo Megia-Palma dhanashree Paranjpe Robert d.Cooper Pauline Blaimont barry Sinervo department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Parasitology UnitUniversidad de Alcala(UAH)E-28805Alcala de HenaresSpain CIBio Centro de Investigagao em Biodiversidade e Recursos GeneticosInBIO Laboratorio AssociadoCampus de VairaoUniversidade do PortoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairaoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal Rupa Rahul Bajaj Center for Environment and Art Empress Botanical GardensKavade MalaPuneIndia department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA department of Biology University of Houston Downtown1Main St.HoustonTX 77002USA department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCA 95064USA

Male competition conforms to a cost-benefit model,because while aggression may increase reproductive prospects,it can also increase the risk of *** hypothesize that an additional cost in aggressive males would be an increase in parasite load associated with a high energy investment into sexual *** of these infections,in turn,may downmodulate the level of host aggression via energetic *** staged dyadic male contests in the lab to investigate the relationships of multiple parasites with the agonistic behavior of lizard hosts,Sceloporus *** also included both color and behavioral traits from opponents in the analyses because(1)color patches of lizards may serve as intraspecific signals used by conspecifics to assess the quality of opponents,and(2)contests between male lizards fit classical models of escalated aggression,where lizards increase aggression displays in response to an opponent's *** results conform to our hypothesis because male lizards displayed more pushups when they had more ***,some parasites may modulate the levels of aggression because lizards infected by hematic coccidians performed fewer ***,lizards also displayed fewer pushups when both the chroma and size of the opponent's blue patch were *** results thus also supported the role of the blue patch of *** as a sexual armament,because it contributed to the deterrence of aggression from opponent *** revealed that natural parasitic infections in lizard hosts can contribute to their agonistic *** encourage future studies to account for parasites in behavioral testswithlizards.

关键词： Ixodes pacificus Lankesterella sexual selection social interactions ticks

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Simulation of the deformable lateral boundaries in biaxial test using dEM

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 161-175页

作者： Ali Momeni barry Clarke Yong Sheng Ali Hassanpour WSP 3 Wellington PlaceLeedsLS1 4APUK Hull University HullHU6 7RXUK School of Civil Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK School of Computer Science University of HullHullHU6 7RXUK School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK

Applying the discrete element method(dEM)in soil mechanics can provide abundant information at the particle-scale and facilitates illustration of the macro-mechanical behaviour of soils based on the inter-particle *** triaxial test is one of the most common laboratory methods to study the macro-mechanical behaviour of particulate materials such as ***,many problems in geotechnical design can be assumed and simplified as a plane strain *** a biaxial test can be conducted to reproduce the macro-mechanical behaviour of soil,where the sample is enclosed by two horizontal rigid platens and a vertical latex membrane,which is a deformable continuous element and allows the enclosed specimen to deform freely while maintaining confining stress during *** paper presents an algorithm to represent physical and mechanical characteristics of latex membrane in the 2d dEM simulation of biaxial test using the PFC^(2d) *** investigate the impact of the lateral boundary conditions on the micro-macro mechanical behaviours of soil samples,two sets of dEM biaxial tests are conducted,*** rigid and deformable lateral boundary *** dEM modeling results indicate that the lateral boundary conditions have a significant effect on the micro-scale fabric properties,thickness and inclination of the shear *** comparison between these two simulations also demonstrates that the lateral boundary conditions play a major role in the peak and post-peak stress-strain behaviours as well as the dilation and critical state behaviours of granular soils.

关键词： discrete element method Biaxial test deformable boundaries Shear band Critical state Fabric anisotropy Geometrical stability index

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Neutron diffraction Measurements of a Thermally Fatigued Single Crystal Superalloy

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第8期26卷 240-243页

作者：孙光爱陈波吴二冬李金超 T.Pirling d.hughes Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry Mianyang 621900 National Laboratory for Materials Science IMR CAS Shenyang 110016 Institute of Laue Langevin Grenoble 38042 France

The thermally fatigued single crystal superalloy dZ125L is investigated by neutron diffraction measurements. The measurements, made using the φ angle oscillating method, provide more detailed and reliable data than those with the φ angle fixed. diffraction studies show that the influence of thermal fatigue on the lattice parameters of the alloy is very limited. The stress analysis reveals that triaxial elastic hydrostatic stress plays a major role during thermal fatigue. The magnitude of the macrostress increases with the fatigue cycles, with the stress of the γ, phase increasing more significantly than that of the γ＇ phase, and becoming fragile after many cycles. The changes in the microstrain are dependent on the reflection planes. The microstrains at the center of the sample are released by the thermal fatigue in comparison with those at the outlying locations, which has been attributed to the advance of the dislocation slips.

关键词： sea surface nonliear interaction numerical method

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Causes and Prognosis of Cases of Acute Obstructive Renal Failure Managed at the donka National Hemodialysis Center

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第2期14卷 136-146页

作者： Amadou Yaya diallo Mamadou Mouctar diallo Mamadou dian barry Kadiatou Mamadou Bobo barry Saikou Oumar diallo djenabou diallo Soriba Bangoura Mamadou Malal diallo Thierno Mamadou Oury diallo Mohamed Lamine Kaba Alpha Oumar Bah department of Nephrology-Hemodialysis CHU Donka Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University of the Republic of Guinea Conakry Guinea department of Urology-Andrology CHU Ignace Deen Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Acute obstructive renal failure (AORF) is a frequent clinical situation, secondary to obstruction of the urinary excretory tract. Whatever the cause, urinary tract obstruction suddenly opposes glomerular filtration and is responsible for tubulointerstitial lesions. It accounts for 10% of acute renal failure (ARF). The aim of this study was to identify the causes and prognosis of cases of acute obstructive renal failure managed at the Centre National d’hémodialyse donka. Material and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study lasting 6 months, from September 1, 2022 to February 29, 2023. All patients undergoing haemodialysis for acute obstructive renal failure who agreed to participate in the study and whose medical records were complete were included. Results: during the course of the study, we registered 97 haemodialysis patients, including 20 cases (20.62%) of acute obstructive renal failure. The mean age of the patients was 57.8 ± 10.54 years, with a male predominance of 11 cases (55%) and a sex ratio of 1.22. The reasons for consultation were dominated by physical asthenia 11 cases (55%), lumbar pain 9 cases (50%), vomiting 6 cases (30%) and acute urine retention 6 cases (30%). Arterial hypertension 16 cases (80%) and urinary tract infection 10 cases (50%) were the most common antecedents. The etiologies of RAOI were dominated by lithiasis 10 cases (50%), neoplasia 6 cases (30%) and benign prostatic hypertrophy 3 cases (15%). mean creatinine was 1267.60 ± 710.76 μmol/l with extremes of 243 μmol/l and 2822 μmol/l, mean urea was 39.56 ± 18.36, hyperkalemia in 14 cases (70%) and hyponatremia in 8 cases (40%). After hemodialysis, 9 cases (45%) recovered renal function, 4 cases (20%) became chronic and 7 cases (35%) died. Conclusion: The frequency of AKI remains non-negligible in our department, and early detection and prompt management would considerably reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this pathology.

关键词： Acute Obstructive Renal Failure Hemodialysis Prognosis donka

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Technical-Economic Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality of COBB500 Broilers Fed Rations Incorporating Mango By-Product Feeds in Ivory Coast (West Africa)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 1-13页

作者： Timbilfou Kiendrébéogo Alidjata Traoré Etienne Sodre drissa barry Isidor Ouedraogo Marcelle Grace Koidja Vianney Tarpaga Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Laboratoire de Recherches en Production et Santé Animales (LAREPSA) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Laboratoire Central d’Horticulture (LCH) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire d’Etude des Ressources Naturelles et des Sciences de l’Environnement (LERNSE) Ecole Doctorale Sciences Naturelles et Agronomie (ED-SNA) Université Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Université Catholique de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (UCAO) Section du Burkina Faso Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso direction Régionale de l’Agriculture des Ressources Animales et Halieutiques de l’Est Fada Burkina Faso

The study evaluated the growth performance and carcass quality of COBB500 broilers fed two experimental rations incorporating feed and mango fine Ed10 for a batch of 83 birds, Ed20 (batch of 83 birds) in comparison with a commercial control ration CCd (84 birds). For this purpose, 250 day-old chicks of this breed were purchased in Korhogo and transported to Tengréla in Ivory Coast for rearing. The results show that substituting mango provender ans and mango seed flour for maize resulted in rations with costs per kgMS of 215.35FCFA, 2016.93FCFA and 320FCFA for the Ed10, Ed20 and CCd rations respectively. The production costs per kg of chicken (FCPkgLW) of the CCd ration were significantly higher than those of the Ed10 and Ed20 (p 0.05). AdGs were significantly different and decreasing from CCd, Ed20 to Ed10 (p 0.05). Average weights at 42nd day for Ed20 and CCd were homogeneous (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than for Ed10 (p 0.05). By day 49th the average weight of Ed20 had reached and exceeded that of CCd by day 42nd. PSLW, HCW and CCW were significantly different and decreasing from CCW, Ed20 to Ed10 (p 0.05). Average hot (HCY) and cooled (CCY) carcass yields of Ed20 and CCd rations were comparable (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than those of Ed10 ration (p = 0.009) and 0.003). Average drumstick and neck weights were significantly higher and lower for CCd, Ed20 and Ed10 (p 0.05). For all other parts of the cut, the average weights of the CCd ration were significantly higher (p 0.05) than those of the Ed20 and Ed10 rations, which were homogeneous (p 0.05). The incorporation of mango provender and mango seed flour in broiler rations offers the prospect of reduced production costs, less competition between man and animals over cereals, and lean meat production tha

关键词： Broiler COOB 500 Chickens Mango Feed Carcass Characteristics Tengrela Ivory Coast

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The Management of Neonatal Peritonitis in the Paediatric Surgery department of the donka National Hospital

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期14卷 823-833页

作者： Mohamed Lamine Sadou Sacko Thierno Saidou barry Balla Keita Mory Sangare Jacques Faya Millimono Moussa Conde Seydou Keita daniel Agbo-Panzo Pediatric Surgery department at Conakry University Hospital Conakry Guinea Universit Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinea General Surgery department Ignace Deen University Hospital Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Neonatal peritonitis is a rare but serious condition requiring early diagnosis and management. The lack of antenatal diagnosis, the precariousness of neonatal intensive care, and the delay in diagnosis and treatment are the factors of poor prognosis. The objective of this study was to study the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of neonatal peritonitis in order to improve its management in the pediatric surgery department of the CHU-donka. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study of the records of patients treated for neonatal peritonitis from January 1, 2017 to december 31, 2022. Results: Results: We compiled 17 records of patients operated on for neonatal peritonitis, representing a frequency of 3.85% and an incidence of 2.83 cases/year. The mean age of our patients was 8.29 days, with extremes of d0 and d25. Males were more dominant, with a frequency of 71% and a sex ratio of 2.4. The average consultation time was 72 h, with extremes of 12 h and 144 h. Abdominal bloating was the main reason for consultation (100%). Fever and vomiting were frequent, at 70.59% and 82.35% respectively. PSA revealed pneumoperitoneum in 12 patients (70.59%). The colon was the most frequent site of perforation at 29.41%. ECUN was the main etiology with 35.29%. Ostomy was the main surgical procedure in 58.82% of cases, followed by suture excision in 29.41%. Postoperative follow-up was simple in 3 patients (17.65%) and complicated in 14 (82.35%). Sepsis was the main cause of death (47.59%). The mortality rate was 76.47%. Conclusion: Mortality from neonatal peritonitis remains high in developing countries. Early diagnosis, early surgical management, and the presence of well-equipped neonatal intensive care units with qualified staff are essential for an improvement in the prognosis of neonatal peritonitis.

关键词： Etiology Newborns Gastrointestinal Perforation

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质地密度逐渐变化对触觉识别的作用(英文)

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心理学报 2005年第6期37卷 739-747页

作者：王进 barry hughes 浙江大学教育学院体育系杭州310028 奥克兰大学心理系

研究关于输入、本体感受和输出对表面触觉认知的影响,旨在探索运用触觉识别质地密度逐渐变化的表面时,理论关于表面粗糙度恒定的情况下,主动手指运动产生的信息不影响触觉认知的解释是否仍然成立。实验采用表面质地密度呈正态曲线式逐... 详细信息

研究关于输入、本体感受和输出对表面触觉认知的影响,旨在探索运用触觉识别质地密度逐渐变化的表面时,理论关于表面粗糙度恒定的情况下,主动手指运动产生的信息不影响触觉认知的解释是否仍然成立。实验采用表面质地密度呈正态曲线式逐渐变化,组成正负两组变化方向。正方向变化为表面质点密度向中逐渐增大,与手指触摸运动的加减速方式一致;负方向变化为表面质点密度向中逐渐减小,与手指触摸运动的加减速方式相反;另外包括一个表面密度不变的平面。让被试辨别表面质地密度变化的方向,结果发现被试能够很好地判别表面质地密度变化的方向,但在判别正向变化的表面时显得更准确;当表面密度没有变化时,被试倾向于判别为正向变化。这一发现没有支持表面密度恒定的触觉认知解释模型。与常规直觉相反,研究还发现即时反馈并没有改进触觉识别,反而降低了辨别的正确率。质地密度逐渐变化的触觉识别在变化的大小、准确和自信心方面都显示了不同,但没有发现认知学习作用该触觉任务辨别的过程。基于这些发现,文章讨论了触觉质地感知和有关存在的理论解释模式。

关键词：触觉质地感知触觉识别

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如何利用远程二极管温度传感器准确量度温度

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电子产品世界 2002年第9A期9卷 78-80页

作者： Ronnie d.hughes NS公司

由于芯片温度是一个关键的参数,因此部分电子设备设有特别的装置,以量度芯片的温度.在一般情况下,系统设计工程师都喜欢采用二极管或连接成二极管的晶体管,将之置于靠近芯片热点的位置,以量度芯片温度.

关键词：远程二极管温度传感器量度温度精确度

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Changing face of hepatic encephalopathy:Role of inflammation and oxidative stress

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第27期16卷 3347-3357页

作者： Amit S Seyan Robin d.hughes debbie L Shawcross Institute of Liver Studies King's College London School of Medicine at King's College HospitalKing's College Hospital

The face of hepatic encephalopathy(HE) is *** review explores how this neurocognitive disorder,which is associated with both acute and chronic liver injury,has grown to become a dynamic syndrome that spans a spectrum of neuropsychological impairment,from normal performance to *** central role of ammonia in the pathogenesis of HE remains ***,over the past 10 years,the HE community has begun to characterise the key roles of inflammation,infection,and oxidative/nitrosative stress in modulating the pathophysiological effects of ammonia on the *** review explores the current thoughts and evidence base in this area and discusses the potential role of existing and novel therapies that might abrogate the oxidative and nitrosative stresses inflicted on the brain in patients with,or at risk of developing,HE.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Ammonia Inflammation Oxidative stress Astrocyte

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