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Engineering Microneedle Patches for Improved Penetration:Analysis,Skin Models and factors Affecting Needle Insertion

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Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第6期13卷 190-230页

作者： Pooyan Makvandi Melissa Kirkby Aaron RJHutton Majid Shabani Cynthia K.Y.Yiu Zahra Baghbantaraghdari Rezvan Jamaledin Marco Carlotti barbara Mazzolai Virgilio Mattoli Ryan f.Donnelly Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia Centre for Materials InterfaceViale Rinaldo Piaggio 3456025 PontederaPisaItaly School of Pharmacy Queen’s University Belfast97 Lisburn RoadBelfast BT97BLUK The BioRobotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant’AnnaViale Rinaldo Piaggio 3456025 PontederaPisaItaly Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Faculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongPrince Philip Dental HospitalHong Kong SARChina Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production EngineeringUniversity of Naples FedericoⅡ80125 NaplesItaly Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care(iit@CRIB) Italian Institute of Technology80125 NaplesItaly

Transdermal microneedle(MN)patches are a promising tool used to transport a wide variety of active compounds into the skin.To serve as a substitute for common hypodermic needles,MNs must pierce the human stratum corneum(~10 to 20μm),without rupturing or bending during penetration.This ensures that the cargo is released at the predetermined place and time.Therefore,the ability of MN patches to sufficiently pierce the skin is a crucial requirement.In the current review,the pain signal and its management during application of MNs and typical hypodermic needles are presented and compared.This is followed by a discussion on mechanical analysis and skin models used for insertion tests before application to clinical practice.factors that affect insertion(e.g.,geometry,material composition and cross-linking of MNs),along with recent advancements in developed strategies(e.g.,insertion responsive patches and 3D printed biomimetic MNs using two-photon lithography)to improve the skin penetration are highlighted to provide a backdrop for future research.

关键词： Insertion responsive Implantable microneedles Skin indentation Transdermal microneedles Pain management

Comprehensive study of a versatile polyol synthesis approach for cathode materials for Li-ion batteries

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Nano Research 2019年第9期12卷 2238-2249页

作者： Hyeseung Chung Antonin Grenier Ricky Huang Xuefeng Wang Zachary Lebens-Higgins Jean-Marie Doux Shawn Sallis Chengyu Song Peter Ercius Karena Chapman Louis f.J.piper Hyung-Man Cho Minghao Zhang Ying Shirley Meng Department of NanoEngineering University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Chemistry Department Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY 11794USA Department of Physics Applied Physics and AstronomyBinghamton UniversityBinghamtonNY 13902USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory1 Cyclotron RoadBerkeleyCA 94720USA National Center for Electron Microscopy Molecular FoundryLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

This work reports a comprehensive study of a novel polyol method that can successfully synthesize layered LiNi0.4Mn0.4Co0.2O2,spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4,and olivine LiCoPO4 cathode materials.When properly designed,polyol method offers many advantages such as low cost,ease of use,and proven scalability for industrial applications.Most importantly,the unique properties of polyol solvent allow for greater morphology control as shown by all the resulting materials exhibiting monodispersed nanoparticles morphology.This morphology contributes to improved lithium ion transport due to short diffusion lengths.Polyol-synthesized LiNi0.4Mn0.4Co0.2O2 delivers a reversible capacity of 101 and 82 mAh.g-1 using high current rate of 5C and 10C,respectively.It also displays surprisingly high surface structure stability after chargedischarge processes.Each step of the reaction was investigated to understand the underlying polyol synthesis mechanism.A combination of in situ and ex situ studies reveal the structural and chemical transformation of Ni-Co alloy nanocrystals overwrapped by a Mn-and Li-embedded organic matrix to a sedes of intermediate phases,and then eventually to the desired layered oxide phase with a homogeneous distribution of Ni,Co,and Mn.We envisage that this type of analysis will promote the development of optimized synthesis protocols by establishing links between experimental factors and important structural and chemical properties of the desired product.The insights can open a new direction of research to synthesize high-performance intercalation compounds by allowing unprecedented control of intermediate phases using experimental parameters.

关键词： polyol cathode synthesis nanoparticle LiNi0.4Mn0.4Co0.2O2(NMC)

Sonographic signs of neutropenic enterocolitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第9期12卷 1397-1402页

作者： Christoph f Dietrich Stella Hermann Stefan Klein barbara Braden Department of Internal Medicine Cari-tas Hospital Bad Mergentheim Bad MergentheimGermany Medical Department University Hospital Frankfurt/MainGermany

瞄准：与 neutropenic 小肠结肠炎在病人在诊断和后续的时间调查 sonographic 特征。方法：在有 neutropenic 小肠结肠炎的 14 个病人的 sonographic 调查结果被描述并且评估了考虑症状和临床的结果。结果：在有 neutropenic 小肠结肠... 详细信息

瞄准：与 neutropenic 小肠结肠炎在病人在诊断和后续的时间调查 sonographic 特征。方法：在有 neutropenic 小肠结肠炎的 14 个病人的 sonographic 调查结果被描述并且评估了考虑症状和临床的结果。结果：在有 neutropenic 小肠结肠炎的所有病人， ileocoecal 区域涉及墙变厚 >10 公里。一个透壁的煽动性的模式，变厚的肠墙的亢奋的由脉管形成和免费腹的液体是普通调查结果。肠墙的 sonographically 揭示的厚度与致命的结果(P<0.03 ) 被联系。在 11 个幸存病人，临床的症状的改进被肠的墙厚度的进步减小伴随。结论：肠的高端 sonography 是为诊断的一个有用工具，对预后的评价和有 neutropenic 小肠结肠炎的病人的后续。ultrasonographically 揭示的肠厚度反映严厉和疾病的功课，并且似乎为临床的结果预兆。

关键词：小肠炎症中性白细胞增多症超声波检查内皮细胞

Conductance hysteresis and inelastic excitations at hydrogen decorated cerium atoms and clusters in a tunnel junction

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Nano Research 2016年第10期9卷 3171-3178页

作者： Rouzhaji Tuerhong Shawulienu Kezilebieke Bernard barbara Jean-Pierre Bucher Institut Universitaire de france Universite de Strasbourg 23 rue du Loess F-67034 Strasbourg France Institut Neel CNRS Universite Grenoble-Alpes F-38042 Grenoble France

Voltage-controlled conductance and switching induced by single molecules or atoms are ideally studied in scanning tunneling microscope （STM） tunnel junctions. While the objects under consideration are mostly used in their original form, little is known of the possibilities of in situ adjustments of their properties. Here, we evidence properties of a tunnel junction made of a Ce atom/cluster built by atomic manipulation on Au（111） at a temperature of 4.6 K in the presence of H2. The conductance through the object is characterized by a switching voltage corresponding to an opening or closing of an inelastic electron tunneling conductance channel at 50 mV for a Ce atom and 140 mV for a Ce cluster and by charging. We demonstrate that the electronic properties of an STM junction can be engineered in a simple way by in situ guiding of the H2 pinning at an atomic cluster.

关键词： conductance hysteresis,inelastic electron tunelingspectroscopy （IETS）,switching,Ce clusters,scanning tunneling microscope （STM）/scanning tunneling spectroscopy （STS）

Batch and fixed-bed column studies of selenite removal from contaminated water by orange peel-based sorbent

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Water Science and Engineering 2020年第4期13卷 307-316页

作者： barbara Perez Mora fernando A.Bertoni María f.Mangiameli Juan C.Gonzalez Sebastian E.Bellu faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences National University of RosarioRosario S2002LRKArgentina Chemistry Institute of Rosario National Council of Scientific and Technological ResearchRosario S2002LRKArgentina

Orange peel is a biomass derived from citrus processing with desirable properties for metal sorption.In recent years,orange peel has been used to remove various heavy metals and toxic oxyanions.Selenium(Se)is an essential trace element for mammals.However,when the concentration of selenium exceeds an umbral limit,it becomes toxic.In this study,orange peel was used to treat Se(IV)-contaminated water.A high sorption capacity of 32.5 mg/g was obtained at a temperature of 20℃and a pH of 2.0.Hydroxyl groups bound Se(IV)to the surface of the orange peel.The sorption process was spontaneous and endothermic.A chemical sorption mechanism was involved in the removal of Se(IV).The Thomas and modified dose-response models were used to simulate the experimental breakthrough curves.The bed depth service time model was used to calculate the critical bed depth(Z0),and the calculated Z0 value was 1.6 cm.This study reveals that orange peel is a useful sorbent for Se(IV),and can be used for the purification of Se(IV)-contaminated water.©2020 Hohai University.Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Sorption Orange peel Removal of heavy metal Selenium-contaminated water Sorbent Breakthrough curve

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of pancreatic walled-off necrosis using self-expanding metal stents without fluoroscopy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2018年第5期10卷 93-98页

作者： barbara Braden Andreas Koutsoumpas Michael A Silva Zahir Soonawalla Christoph f Dietrich Translational Gastroenterology Unit Oxford University Hospitals Hepatobiliary Surgery Oxford University Hospitals Caritas Krankenhaus Bad Mergentheim

AIM To investigate whether endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided insertion of fully covered self-expandable metal stents in walled-off pancreatic necrosis(WOPN) is feasible without fluoroscopy.METHODS Patients with symptomatic pancreatic WOPN undergoing EUS-guided transmural drainage using self-expandable and fully covered self expanding metal stents(fCSEMS) were included. The EUS visibility of each step involved in the transmural stent insertion was assessed by theoperators as "visible" or "not visible":(1) Access to the cyst by needle or cystotome;(2) insertion of a guide wire;(3) introducing of the diathermy and delivery system;(4) opening of the distal flange; and(5) slow withdrawal of the delivery system until contact of distal flange to cavity wall. Technical success was defined as correct positioning of the fCSEMS without the need of fluoroscopy.RESULTS In total, 27 consecutive patients with symptomatic WOPN referred for EUS-guided drainage were included. In 2 patients large traversing arteries within the cavity were detected by color Doppler, therefore the insertion of fCSEMS was not attempted. In all other patients(92.6%) EUS-guided transgastric stent insertion was technically successful without fluoroscopy. All steps of the procedure could be clearly visualized by EUS. Nine patients required endoscopic necrosectomy through the fCSEMS. Adverse events were two readmissions with fever and one self-limiting bleeding; there was no procedure-related mortality. CONCLUSION The good endosonographic visibility of the fCSEMS delivery system throughout the procedure allows safe EUS-guided insertion without fluoroscopy making it available as bedside intervention for critically ill patients.

关键词： Necrotizing pancreatitis Peripancreatic fluid collection Therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound Transmural drainage Acute pancreatitis

Automated generation and ensemble-learned matching of X-ray absorption spectra

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npj Computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 566-574页

作者： Chen Zheng Kiran Mathew Chi Chen Yiming Chen Hanmei Tang Alan Dozier Joshua J.Kas fernando D.Vila John J.Rehr Louis f.J.piper Kristin A.Persson Shyue Ping Ong Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego9500 Gilman DriveMail Code 0448La JollaCA 92093-0448USA Department of Materials Science University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Division of Applied Research and Technology National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthCenters for Disease ControlCincinnatiOH 45226USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Department of Physics Applied Physics and AstronomyBinghamton UniversityBinghamtonNY 13902USA Materials Science&Engineering Binghamton UniversityBinghamtonNY 13902USA

X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)is a widely used materials characterization technique to determine oxidation states,coordination environment,and other local atomic structure information.Analysis of XAS relies on comparison of measured spectra to reliable reference spectra.However,existing databases of XAS spectra are highly limited both in terms of the number of reference spectra available as well as the breadth of chemistry coverage.In this work,we report the development of XASdb,a large database of computed reference XAS,and an Ensemble-Learned Spectra IdEntification(ELSIE)algorithm for the matching of spectra.XASdb currently hosts more than 800,000 K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge spectra(XANES)for over 40,000 materials from the open-science Materials Project database.We discuss a high-throughput automation framework for fEff calculations,built on robust,rigorously benchmarked parameters.fEff is a computer program uses a real-space Green’s function approach to calculate X-ray absorption spectra.We will demonstrate that the ELSIE algorithm,which combines 33 weak“learners”comprising a set of preprocessing steps and a similarity metric,can achieve up to 84.2% accuracy in identifying the correct oxidation state and coordination environment of a test set of 19 K-edge XANES spectra encompassing a diverse range of chemistries and crystal structures.The XASdb with the ELSIE algorithm has been integrated into a web application in the Materials Project,providing an important new public resource for the analysis of XAS to all materials researchers.finally,the ELSIE algorithm itself has been made available as part of veidt,an open source machine-learning library for materials science.

关键词： matching XANES ensemble

Genetic Variations in Human Parechovirus Type 3 in Infants with Central Nervous System Infection

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第6期36卷 1660-1663页

作者： Lamprini Posnakoglou Elizabeth-barbara Tatsi Tania Siahanidou Vasiliki Syriopoulou Athanasios Michos Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy Research Laboratory First Department of PediatricsMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens"Aghia Sophia"Children's HospitalAthens 11527Greece first Department of Pediatrics Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens"Aghia Sophia"Children's HospitalAthens 11527Greece

Dear Editor,Human parechoviruses(HPeVs)are members of the Picornaviridae family and consist of a non-enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA(+ssRNA)(Kadambariet al.2019;Sridhar et al.2019).The Parechovirus genus is comprised of six species,Parechovirus A,B(formerly named Ljungan virus),C(Sebokele virus),D(ferret parechovirus),E(falcon parechovirus)and f(gecko parechovirus).Their 7.3 kb genome contains 3 regions(P1–P3),which encode a polyprotein.The P1 region encodes the structural proteins of the virus in the following order VP0,VP3 and VP1,which form the icosahedral capsid(Benschop et al.2010).

关键词： Human virus Central

Using detection dogs and genetic analyses of scat to expand knowledge and assist felid conservation in Misiones, Argentina

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第5期9卷 623-639页

作者： Karen E.DeMATTEO Miguel A.RINAS Carina f.ARGÜELLES Bernardo E.HOLMAN Mario S.DI BITETTI barbara DAVENPORT Patricia G.PARKER Lori S.EGGERT Department of Biology University of MissouriSt.LouisUSA WildCare Institute at the Saint Louis Zoo St.LouisUSA Ministerio de Ecología y Recursos Naturales Renovables Argentina Instituto de Biología Subtropical(IBS)-nodo Posadas Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Misiones(UNaM)Argentina facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y NaturalesUNaMArgentina IBS-nodo Puerto Iguazú CONICET-UNaMArgentina Asociación Civil Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico Argentina PackLeader Dog Training LLC Division of Biological Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaUSA

Many carnivores require large ranges to meet their ecological and energetic needs;however,anthropogenic changes threaten species and their habitats.Camera traps have been used to effectively collect data on carnivores in a variety of habitat types;however,a single survey effort is typically limited to species that have similar body size,habitat use and movement patterns,and individual identification of animals is not always possible.We evaluated whether scat detection dogs could effectively survey for 4 wide-ranging felids that vary in these characteristics:jaguars(Panthera onca),pumas(Puma concolor),ocelots(Leopardus pardalis)and oncillas(Leopardus tigrinus).from June to October 2009 and May to August 2011,a detection dog-handler team detected 588 scats,from which 176 unique genotypes were detected.We assigned sex to 84.7%of the genotyped scats and identified 55 individuals multiple times.The effectiveness of these noninvasive techniques(detection dogs and genetic analyses of scat)not only opens the door for additional studies in areas that were previously difficult or impossible with standard survey techniques,but also provides conservationists with a set of tools that overcome some of the limitations associated with the use of camera traps alone.

关键词： conservation detection dogs felids genetics noninvasive techniques