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Dietary fatty acids and adipose tissue inflammation at the crossroad between obesity and colorectal cancer

Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第8期4卷 29-40页

作者： Lucia Conti Manuela Del Cornò Beatrice Scazzocchio Rosaria Varì Massimo D'Archivio barbara Varano Roberta Masella Sandra Gessani Center for Gender-specific Medicine Istituto Superiore di Sanità 00161 Rome Italy

Excess adiposity, a worldwide-growing pathological condition, is now recognized as a main risk factor for most chronic diseases including colorectal cancer (CRC). Obese subjects show an increased cancer incidence with obesity representing an important indicator of survival, prognosis, recurrence and response to therapy. A low-grade chronic inflammation of metabolically active tissues including the adipose tissue (AT), defined as meta-inflammation, is a main feature of obesity. Fatty acids (FA), the main AT components, are important modulators of inflammation, and the type of FA stored in AT critically affects tissue functions. Their profile within AT mirrors FA dietary intake but also depends on a metabolic control. Obesity, changes in the habitual diet, weight loss or pathological conditions like CRC influence FA profile of AT pointing to these molecules as important actors in AT dysfunction and meta-inflammation, that characterize metabolic diseases and may favor cancer development. Worth of note, diet is receiving growing attention as a main determinant in cancer prevention due to its capacity to modulate immune response and inflammation. Alterations in the balance between different families of FA may contribute to generate a pro-inflammatory profile with deleterious effects on metabolic and immune homeostasis at both local and systemic levels. This review focuses on FA as regulators of human AT inflammation discussing the role of obesity-, diet-, and weight loss-associated changes in FA profile in this process. The relevance of FA composition of AT in linking diet, obesity and CRC will be also reviewed.

关键词： Obesity adipose tissue inflammation diet weight loss fatty acids colorectal cancer

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Long Time Series Observations from Antarctica with the International Concordia Explorer Telescope （ICE-T）

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2013年第1期3卷 33-37页

作者： Igor Di varano Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP) An der Sternwarte 16 Potsdam D-14482 Germany

The International Concordia explorer telescope (ICE-T) is a f /1.1 Schmidt telescope, 61 cm aperture, with two optical tubes equipped with identical charged coupled devices 10.3 × 10.3 k, 9μ pixel size, ultra-wide-fieldwith a total FOV of 65 square degrees. Its aim is to operate at Dome C, the French-Italian Antarctic Station, taking advantage of the long winter night for continuous observations. It is optimized for high precision photometry in two separate filters Sloan g and Sloan i ranging from 100 μmag to 10 mmag (from 9 to16 mag). Among the scientific tasks there are the detection of hot Jupiters and Super Earths with the transit method, and related magnetic activity of the hosting stars. The 4m Radom dome for ICE-T together with 3 foundation pillars and the cables bundle have been already successfully installed in January 2009.

关键词：施密特望远镜连续观测时间序列南极国际电荷耦合器件地球探测视场角

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Characterization of Optical Aberrations Induced by Thermal Gradients and Vibrations via Zernike and Legendre Polynomials

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Optics and Photonics Journal 2016年第6期6卷 113-123页

作者： Igor Di varano Leibniz Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP) Potsdam Germany

For every astronomical instrument, the operating conditions are undoubtedly different from those defined in a setup experiment. Besides environmental conditions, the drives, the electronic cabinets containing heaters and fans introduce disturbances that must be taken into account already in the preliminary design phase. Such disturbances can be identified as being mostly of two types: heat sources/sinks or cooling systems responsible for heat transfer via conduction, radiation, free and forced convection on one side and random and periodic vibrations on the other. For this reason, a key role already from the very beginning of the design process is played by integrated model merging the outcomes based on a Finite Element Model from thermo-structural and modal analysis into the optical model to estimate the aberrations. The current paper presents the status of such model, capable of analyzing the deformed surfaces deriving from both thermo-structural and vibrational analyses and measuring their effect in terms of optical aberrations by fitting them by Zernike and Legendre polynomial fitting respectively for circular and rectangular apertures. The independent contribution of each aberration is satisfied by the orthogonality of the polynomials and mesh uniformity.

关键词： FEM Wavefront Error Zernike Legendre Polynomials Astronomical Instrumentation

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