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Establishment of a Stable PrP^(Sc) Panel from Brain Tissues of Experimental Hamsters with Scrapie Strain 263K

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2009年第2期22卷 151-156页

作者： bao-yun zhang CHAN TIAN JUN HAN CHEN GAO QI SHI JIAN-MING CHEN HUI-YING JIANG WEI ZHOU AND XIAO-PING DONG State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 100052 China

Objective To establish a stable PrP^Sc panel from brain tissues of experimental hamsters infected with scrapie agent 263K for evaluating diagnostic techniques of human and animals＇ prion diseases. Methods Thirty brain tissue samples from hamsters intracerebrally infected with scrapie strain 263K and another 30 samples from normal hamsters were selected to prepare 10%, 1%, and 0.5% brain homogenates, which were aliquoted into stocks. PrP^Sc in each brain homogenate was determined by proteinase K digestions followed by Western blot assay and partially by immunohistochemistry. Stability and glycoforms of PrP^Sc were repeatedly detected by prp^SC-specific Western blots in half a year and 3 years later. Results PrPsc signals were observed in all 10% brain homogenates of infected hamsters. Twenty out of 30 stocks and 19 out of 30 stocks were PrPsc positive in 1% and 0.5% brain homogenatesof infected hamsters, respectively. TWenty-seven out of 30 stocks presented three positive bands in 10% brain homogenates, whereas none of 1% and 0.5% homogenates contained 3 bands. The detection of prpSc-specific signals stored in half a year and 3 years later demonstrated that the ratio of PrPsc positive samples and glycoforms was almost unchanged. All normal hamsters＇ brain homogenates were PrP^Sc negative. Conclusion A PrP^Sc panel of prion disease can be established, which displays reliably stable prp^Sc-specific signals and glycoforms.

关键词： TSE prp^Sc Panel Glycoforms Stability

T188K-Familial Creutzfeldt–Jacob Disease, Predominant Among Chinese, has a Reactive Pattern in CSF RT-QuIC Different from D178N-Fatal Familial Insomnia and E200K-Familial CJD

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第3期35卷 519-521页

作者： Kang Xiao Qi Shi Wei Zhou bao-yun zhang Yuan Wang Cao Chen Yue Ma Chen Gao Xiao-Ping Dong State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University)National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Center for Global Public Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Dear Editor,Human prion diseases consist of sporadic, genetic/familial, and acquired forms. The familial form accounts for 5%-15% of all human prion diseases, including familial Creutzfeldt- Jacob disease (fCJD), Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome, and fatal familial insomnia (FFI)[1-3]. All genetic prion diseases are directly associated with mutations (point-mutation or insertion) in the PRNP gene located on human chromosome 20 and encodes prion protein (PrP). So far,>55 mutations in the PRNP gene have been described [4]. Some PRNP mutations and their related genetic prion diseases have been reported worldwide, while others show clear region- or ethnicity-associated features.

关键词： Human prion diseases sporadic ethnicity-associated features

A novel weld-pool-length monitoring method based on pixel analysis in plasma arc additive manufacturing

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第2期12卷 335-348页

作者： bao-Ri zhang Yong-Hua Shi Bionic Robot Research Department Ji Hua LaboratoryFoshan528200GuangdongPeople’s Republic of China Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Special Welding Technology and Equipment School of Mechanical and Automotive EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640People’s Republic of China

The real-time monitoring of the weld pool during deposition is important for automatic control in plasma arc additive *** obtain a high deposition accuracy,it is essential to maintain a stable weld pool *** this study,a novel passive visual method is proposed to measure the weld pool *** the proposed method,the image quality was improved by designing a special visual system that employed an endoscope and a *** also includes pixel brightness-based and gradient-based algorithms that can adaptively detect feature points at the boundary when the weld pool geometry *** algorithm can also be applied to materials with different solidification *** was performed to measure the real weld pool length in world coordinates,and outlier rejection was performed to increase the accuracy of the ***,tests were carried out on the intersection component,and the results showed that the proposed method performed well in tracking the changing weld pool length and was applicable to the real-time monitoring of different types of materials.

关键词： Plasma arc additive manufacturing(PAAM) Weld pool geometry Gradient analysis Real-time detection

Value Iteration-Based Cooperative Adaptive Optimal Control for Multi-Player Differential Games With Incomplete Information

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第3期11卷 690-697页

作者： yun zhang Lulu zhang yunze Cai the Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240 the Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of ChinaShanghai 200240China

This paper presents a novel cooperative value iteration(VI)-based adaptive dynamic programming method for multi-player differential game models with a convergence *** players are divided into two groups in the learning process and adapt their policies *** method removes the dependence of admissible initial policies,which is one of the main drawbacks of the PI-based ***,this algorithm enables the players to adapt their control policies without full knowledge of others’ system parameters or control *** efficacy of our method is illustrated by three examples.

关键词： Adaptive dynamic programming incomplete information multi-player differential game value iteration

Testing Linearity in Functional Partially Linear Models

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第3期40卷 875-886页

作者： Fan-rong ZHAO bao-xue zhang School of Mathematical Sciences Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China School of Statistics Capital University of Economics and BusinessBeijing 100070China

For the functional partially linear models including flexible nonparametric part and functional linear part,the estimators of the nonlinear function and the slope function have been studied in existing *** to test the correlation between response and explanatory variables,however,still seems to be ***,a test procedure for testing the linearity in the functional partially linear models will be proposed in this paper.A test statistic is constructed based on the existing estimators of the nonlinear and the slope ***,we prove that the approximately asymptotic distribution of the proposed statistic is a chi-squared distribution under some regularity ***,some simulation studies and a real data application are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed test statistic.

关键词： asymptotic theory functional partially linear model Nadaraya-Watson estimate test statistic

An Online Q-Learning Method for Linear-Quadratic Nonzero-Sum Stochastic Differential Games with Completely Unknown Dynamics

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第5期37卷 1907-1922页

作者： zhang bao-Qiang WANG Bing-Chang CAO Ying School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University

In this paper, the authors design a reinforcement learning algorithm to solve the adaptive linear-quadratic stochastic n-players non-zero sum differential game with completely unknown dynamics. For each player, a critic network is used to estimate the Q-function, and an actor network is used to estimate the control input. A model-free online Q-learning algorithm is obtained for solving this kind of problems. It is proved that under some mild conditions the system state and weight estimation errors can be uniformly ultimately bounded. A simulation with five players is given to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.

关键词： Actor-critic algorithm model-free adaptive control nonzero-sum stochastic game reinforcement learning

Multi-time Collaborative Restoration for Integrated Electrical-gas Distribution Systems Based on Rolling Optimization

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 660-671页

作者： Jingyang yun Zheng Yan yun Zhou Peichao zhang Weidong Hu Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion of Ministry of Education Department of Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University

This paper proposes a multi-time collaborative restoration model for integrated electricity-gas distribution sys-tems(IEGDSs)considering multiple resources after extreme weather *** on the linearized power flow constraints of the unbalanced electrical distribution system(EDS)and gas distribution system(GDS),this problem can be formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)*** improve the efficiency and veracity of the solution,a rolling optimiza-tion based two-stage method is developed with the first stage solved by a linear approximation model,and the second stage solved by real-time updated rolling *** solving the MILP problem using rolling optimization,the proposed model and solution method achieve efficient and reliable collaborative restoration of IEGDS considering multiple resources and unbal-anced operation characteristics of *** effectiveness of the proposed model and method is validated by using an IEGDS made of a 37-bus unbalanced EDS and 11-node *** Terms-Electricity-gas system,mix-integer linear programming,power system restoration.

关键词： Electricity-gas system mix-integer linear programming power system restoration

Accumulated-state-error-based event-triggered sampling scheme and its application to H∞ control of sampled-data systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 328-341页

作者： Xian-Ming zhang Qing-Long HAN bao-Lin zhang Xiaohua GE Dawei zhang School of Science Computingand Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of Technology College of Automation and Electronic Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology School of Mathematics Shandong University

This paper is concerned with event-triggered H∞control of sampled-data systems. Its novelties lie in three aspects:（i） A novel accumulated-state-error-based event-triggered scheme is introduced by comparing the integral of the state error from tk to t with the system state sampled at tk. This condition works well due to the fact that the so-called Zeno behaviour does not occur.（ii） A novel Lyapunov functional is constructed to establish a criterion to ensure some certain H∞performance of the closed-loop system. This Lyapunov functional is dependent on the integral of the state error involved in the event-triggered scheme.（iii） Under the event-triggered sampling scheme, suitable state-feedback controllers can be designed rather than be given a priori. Moreover, a self-triggered implementation of the proposed event-triggered sampling scheme is presented as well. Finally, a batch reactor model and an inverted pendulum system are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： event-triggered sampling self-triggered implementation $H_\infty$ control looped-functional

Density-Functional Theories for Polyelectrolyte Systems

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第9期42卷 1302-1312,I0006页

作者： Jia-Wei zhang Yu-Hang zhang bao-Hui Li Qiang Wang School of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin90001China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Colorado State University1370 Campus DeliveryFort CollinsCO80523-1370USA

Polymer density-functional theories(PDFTs)have distinct advantages in the study of polyelectrolyte(PE)systems over experiments and molecular *** we give an introductory review of some PDFTs recently developed for PE *** start with a general formalism of PDFTs and its relation to the widely used polymer self-consistent field theory(SCFT),then explain the various correlations that are neglected in SCFT but can be accounted for in PDFTs,including those due to the excluded-volume interaction and chain connectivity of uncharged polymers,the electrostatic correlations of small ions,and the chain correlations in *** also list some applications of PDFTs for PE systems,and finally give some perspectives on future *** hope that our review can attract more researchers to apply and further develop PDFTs as a promising class of theoretical and computational tools.

关键词： Polymer density-functional theories Polyelectrolytes Correlations