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Interactions of Heavy Metal Ions with Paddy Soils as Inferred from Wien Effect Measurements in Dilute Suspensions

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Pedosphere 2006年第6期16卷 718-725页

作者： JIANG Jun LI Cheng-bao ZHAO An-zhen XU ren-Kou WANG Yu-Jun S. P. FRIEDMAN Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Institute of Soil Water and Environmental Sciences Agricultural Research Organization Voleani Center Bet Dagan 50250 Israel

Interactions of three heavy metal ions, Cu^2＋, Cd^2＋, and Pb^2＋, and, for comparison, Na^＋ with electrodialytic clay fractions （less than 2μm in diameter） of four paddy soils as well as a yellow-brown soil as a control soil were evaluated based on measurements of the Wien effect in dilute suspensions with a clay concentration of 10 g kg^-1 in four nitrate solutions of 2 × 10^-4/z mol L^-1, where z is the cation valence, and a nitric acid solution of 3 × 10^-5 mol L^-1, Field strengths ranging from 15 to 230 kV cm^-1 were applied for measuring the electrical conductivities （ECs） of the suspensions. The mean free binding energies between the various cations and all of the soils determined from exchange equilibrium increased in the order： Na^＋〈 Cd^2＋〈 Cu^2＋〈 Pb^2＋. In general, the ECs of the suspensions in the sodium nitrate solution were smaller than those of the suspensions in the heavy metal solutions because of the lower electrophoretic mobility of sodium compared to the divalent cations. In terms of relative electrical conductivity-field strength relationships, relative electrical conductivity （REC） of suspensions containing various cations at field strengths larger than about 50 kV cm^-1 were in the descending order： Na^＋〉 Cu^2＋〉 Cd^2＋〉 Pb^2＋ for all tested soils. A characteristic parameter of the REC-field strength curves, AREC200, REC at a field strength of 200 kV cm^-1 minus that at the local minimum of the concave segment of the REC-field strength curves, characterized the strength of adsorption of the cations stripped off by the applied strong electrical field, and for all soils the values of AREC200 were generally in the order： Na^＋〈 Cu^2＋ ≤ Cd^2＋〈 Pb^2＋.

关键词： binding energy electrical conductivity field strength heavy metal ions paddy soils

Exosomes:the next-generation therapeutic platform for ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1221-1235页

作者： Wenjing Yin Hongyin Ma Yang Qu Jiaxin ren Yingying Sun zhen-Ni Guo Yi Yang Stroke Center Department of NeurologyFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Neuroscience Research Center Department of NeurologyFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina

Current therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke fall short of the desired objective of neurological functional ***,there is an urgent need to develop new methods for the treatment of this *** are natural cell-derived vesicles that mediate signal transduction between cells under physiological and pathological *** have low immunogenicity,good stability,high delivery efficiency,and the ability to cross the blood–brain *** physiological properties of exosomes have the potential to lead to new breakthroughs in the treatment of ischemic *** rapid development of nanotechnology has advanced the application of engineered exosomes,which can effectively improve targeting ability,enhance therapeutic efficacy,and minimize the dosages *** in technology have also driven clinical translational research on *** this review,we describe the therapeutic effects of exosomes and their positive roles in current treatment strategies for ischemic stroke,including their antiinflammation,anti-apoptosis,autophagy-regulation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,and glial scar formation reduction ***,it is worth noting that,despite their significant therapeutic potential,there remains a dearth of standardized characterization methods and efficient isolation techniques capable of producing highly purified *** optimization strategies should prioritize the exploration of suitable isolation techniques and the establishment of unified workflows to effectively harness exosomes for diagnostic or therapeutic applications in ischemic ***,our review aims to summarize our understanding of exosome-based treatment prospects in ischemic stroke and foster innovative ideas for the development of exosome-based therapies.

关键词： blood–brain barrier electroacupuncture engineering exercise exosomes ischemic stroke mesenchymal stem cells microglia neuroprotection stents

频域光学相干断层扫描在视网膜神经纤维层厚度测量中的应用

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眼科研究 2010年第5期28卷 445-449页

作者：吴慧娟鲍永珍任泽钦侯宪如刘国栋北京大学人民医院眼科 100044

目的应用频域光学相干断层扫描(OCT)测量非青光眼受试者和青光眼患者的视盘周视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)厚度,并对测量结果进行重复性检验。方法非青光眼受试者和青光眼患者各30例纳入研究,随机选取受试者一侧眼的数据进行统计分析。应用Sp... 详细信息

目的应用频域光学相干断层扫描(OCT)测量非青光眼受试者和青光眼患者的视盘周视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)厚度,并对测量结果进行重复性检验。方法非青光眼受试者和青光眼患者各30例纳入研究,随机选取受试者一侧眼的数据进行统计分析。应用Spectralis OCT对每位受试者进行视盘周RNFL厚度测量,应用"随诊"模式进行3次扫描。计算出受试者内部标准差(Sw)、变异系数(CV)和同类相关系数(ICC),以评价该仪器测量的可重复性。应用Spearman秩相关系数分析评估每位受试者RNFL厚度平均数值与其3次测量的标准差之间的关系。结果非青光眼受试者的CV数值范围为1.44%(全周厚度平均值)～2.58%(颞侧象限),青光眼患者的CV为1.73%(全周)～3.24%(颞侧象限);非青光眼受试者的ICC数值范围为0.977(颞侧象限)～0.990(鼻下45°扇形区),青光眼患者的ICC数值范围为0.981(颞侧象限)～0.997(下方象限);非青光眼受试者的Sw为1.33μm(全周)～2.36μm(颞上45°扇形区),青光眼患者的Sw为1.13μm(全周)～2.26μm(鼻上45°扇形区);RNFL厚度数值与测量变异性间无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论高速扫描和眼跟踪系统使Spectralis OCT在测量非青光眼受试者和青光眼患者的视盘周RNFL厚度均有良好的可重复性,是青光眼长期随诊中对于其结构性损害可信赖的影像学检查技术。

关键词：视网膜神经纤维层光学相干断层扫描频域OCT 重复性青光眼

Preserving qubit coherence by dynamical decoupling

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Frontiers of physics 2011年第1期6卷 2-14页

作者： Wen YANG zhen-Yu WANG ren-bao LIU Department of Physics University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0319 USA Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N. T. Hon9 Kong China

In quantum information processing, it is vital to protect the coherence of qubits in noisy environments. Dynamical decoupling （DD）, which applies a sequence of flips on qubits and averages the qubit-environment coupling to zero, is a promising strategy compatible with other desired functionalities, such as quantum gates. Here, we review the recent progresses in theories of dynamical decoupling and experimental demonstrations. We give both semiclassical and quantum descriptions of the qubit decoherence due to coupling to noisy environments. Based on the quantum picture, a geometrical interpretation of DD is presented. The periodic Carr Purcell-Meiboom-Gill DD and the concatenated DD are reviewed, followed by a detailed exploration of the recently developed Uhrig DD, which employs the least number of pulses in an unequally spaced sequence to suppress the qubit-environment coupling to a given order of the evolution time. Some new developments and perspectives are also discussed.

关键词： qubit decoherence dynamical decoupling

Research progress of slippage characteristic and gas film stability enhancement methods on biomimetic hydrophobic surfaces

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 87-101页

作者： Meng-zhuo Zhang Hai-bao Hu Liu-zhen ren Lu-yao bao Jun Wen Luo Xie School of Marine Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen Shenzhen518063China

The biomimetic hydrophobic surface is a potentially efficient underwater drag reduction method and the drag reduction mechanism of this kind of surface comes from the interfacial *** now,it is a hotspot to grasp the slippage characteristic and explore slippage enhancement *** paper not only summarizes our numerical simulation and experimental results of slippage characteristic at the solid-liquid interface(SLI)of hydrophobic surfaces(HS)and the gas-liquid interface(GLI)of superhydrophobic surfaces(SHS)in recent years,but also introduces some innovative methods that can effectively improve the gas film stability and drag reduction effect of ***,we used the molecular dynamics(MD)simulation method to figure out the effect of the solid-liquid interaction strength,the system temperature and the shear rate on the slippage of SLI,and expound their action mechanism from molecular ***,by MD and multibody dissipative particle dynamics(MDPD)method,the slippage behavior at the GLI was studied under the influence of the microstructure size and the flow driving *** proposed a new kind of hybrid slip boundary condition model to describe the slippage characteristic on *** addition,we found through experiment that a three-dimensional backflow will appear on the GLI under the interfacial adsorption of surfactants,and the backflow direction will reverse with the change of GLI ***,we put forward the wettability step structure and gas injection method to enhance the stability and drag reduction effect of the gas film on SHS.

关键词： Hydrophobic surface superhydrophobic surface interfacial slip underwater drag reduction

Investigation of stress corrosion cracking behavior and mechanism analysis of a 1900 MPa-grade ultra-high-strength stainless steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第9期29卷 1474-1484页

作者： Shuai Tian zhen-bao Liu ren-li Fu Xiao-hui Wang Jian-xiong Liang School of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016JiangsuChina Instiute for Special Steel Institute Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing 100081China

The stress corrosion cracking(SCC)behavior of a 1900 MPa-grade ultra-high-strength stainless steel in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was investigated by X-ray diffractometer,scanning electron microscopy,electron back-scattered diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and potentiodynamic polarization *** results showed that USS122G stel has good SCC resistance,and the critical stress intensiy factor(K_(iscc))of USS122G steel was about 68.906 MPa m^(1/2) and Kiscc/K_(ic)=0.76(K_(ic) is plane strain fracture toughness).The existence of film-like austenite along the lath martensite boundary and the protective effect of thecc passivation flm were the main factors for its high *** them,the main components of the passivation film on the surface of USS122G steel were Cr_(2)O_(3),Cr(OH)_(3),FeOOH,and Ni(OH)_(2).The fracture morphology of SCC zone was intergranular and *** the slow and fast scanning rate polarization curve test results,it can be concluded that SCC mechanism of USS122G steel in 3.5 wt.%NaCl solution at the open-circuit potential was a mixed mechanism involving hydrogen embritlement and anodic dissolution.

关键词： Ultra-high-strength stainless steel.Critical stress intensity factor-Film-like austenite Hydrogen embrittlement Anodic dissolution

Mechanism of action of Linggui Zhugan Decoction in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using untargeted metabolomics approach

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Traditional Medicine Research 2025年第2期10卷 65-76页

作者： Huan Pei ren-Lin Li Xin-Ran Song Qian-Qian Wan Yu-Ming Wang Han-Zhou Li Wei-Quan Xu Jia-bao Liao Wei-Bo Wen Jing Miao Huan-Tian Cui School of Basic Medicine Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650599China School Clinical Medical College Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650599China First School of Clinical Medicine Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650599China School of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China Department of Pharmacy Tianjin Second People's HospitalTianjin 300192China

Background:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a liver disorder characterized by the accumulation and degeneration of fat in the liver cells,a condition that may further deteriorate and lead to cirrhosis and liver *** studies showed that metabolic dysfunction can promote NAFLD *** Zhugan Decoction(LGZGD)has therapeutic effects on *** mechanism of LGZGD still remains *** study was to examine the impact of LGZGD on the metabolic processes involved in the development of ***:A mice model of NAFLD was treated with *** therapeutic potential of LGZGD was evaluated by assessing the activity of transaminases,lipids levels of blood,and pathological changes in the liver of the mice model of ***,this study also evaluated the influence of LGZGD on liver inflammation and oxidative ***:The results of untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that LGZGD reduced the disordered lipid metabolism in NAFLD *** improved the oxidative stress and also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the *** metabolomics analysis of liver samples revealed that LGZGD treatment improved metabolic disorders,including alanine,aspartate,glutamate,glycerophospholipid metabolism,and citrate *** RT-qPCR and Western blot results showed that LGZGD could regulate the expression of key enzymes in the metabolic pathway of the citrate cycle,including ATP-citrate lyase(ACLY),alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase-2(AGXT2),phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase(PEMT),and succinate dehydrogenase(SDH).Conclusion:We found that LGZGD can treat NAFLD by reducing inflammatory responses,inhibiting oxidative stress,regulating alanine,aspartate,glutamate,and glycerophospholipid metabolism,and citrate cycle pathways.

关键词： NAFLD LGZGD untargeted metabolomics glycerophospholipid metabolism citrate cycle

细菌感受器PcrK通过感受植物激素细胞分裂素促进对氧化应激的适应

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科学新闻 2018年第4期 145-145页

作者： Fang-Fang Wang Shou-Ting Cheng Yao Wu bao-zhen ren 钱韦中国科学院微生物研究所植物病原细菌致病分子机制创新研究组

文章简介植物激素(Hormones)是植物用于控制自身生长、发育、繁殖、细胞调亡与分化、衰老和其它生理过程的重要化合物,然而,本研究发现在一种植物病原细菌—野油菜黄单胞菌细胞中,受体组氨酸激酶(Pcr K)特异性地结合控制植物干细胞分裂... 详细信息

文章简介植物激素(Hormones)是植物用于控制自身生长、发育、繁殖、细胞调亡与分化、衰老和其它生理过程的重要化合物,然而,本研究发现在一种植物病原细菌—野油菜黄单胞菌细胞中,受体组氨酸激酶(Pcr K)特异性地结合控制植物干细胞分裂和功能分化的重要激素——细胞分

关键词：植物激素细胞分裂素

Mid-infrared optical modulator enabled by photothermal effect

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第1期12卷 5-7页

作者： zhen Wang Wei ren Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina

Photothermal effect in a gas-filled hollow-core fiber may result in agile mid-infrared optical modulators for broadband phase modulation and high extinction ratio intensity modulation.

关键词： modulator optical fiber