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Prevalence of Antibodies to HIV among Students of Selected Tertiary Schools in Two Southwest States, Nigeria

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2017年第8期5卷 83-96页

作者： Gabriel Olugbenga Daramola Adekemi Olubukunola Oluyege Helen Abike Edogun Amos Olakunle Ojerinde babatunde ajayi olofinbiyi Ayodele Oluwaseun ajayi Olugbenga Omoniyi Ajala Ogunbola Ogunfolakan Adebimpe Egbebi Clement Olawale Esan Adegboyega Oladele Agbaje Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Ekiti State University Department of Microbiology Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Federal University University Health Centre Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Ekiti State University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Federal University Department of Microbiology Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion Ado-Ekiti Nigeria AfeBabalola University Department of Medical Laboratory Science Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Ekiti State University University Health Centre Ado-Ekiti Nigeria

Young adults generally have been identified as one of the groups of individuals who are particularly at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS and under-graduates constitute a very significant subset among these young adults. Therefore this research was designed to study the specific factors that put undergraduates in ten selected tertiary institutions in southwest Nigeria at risk of contracting HIVAIDS, as well as determine HIV prevalence in these campuses and the viral load of positive subjects. 1000 undergraduates were enrolled in the study, over a period of forty-two months. Baseline retroviral screening was carried out, using a rapid commercial test-kit, DETERMINE®. Confirmatory tests were carried out on positive samples using Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA) technique. The viral load of the positive samples was determined using Real Time PCR, while the CD4+ count was assayed using Cyflow technique. Four out of the 1000 subjects were confirmed to be positive, thus representing an overall prevalence rate of 0.4%. The CD4 count of the positive subjects were 479/L, 368/L, 420/L and 1063/L. Molecular analysis of the positive subjects’ samples using RT-PCR revealed that the level of viral RNA in two of the subjects’ was too low for detection, while the other two positive subjects had 20 cp/ml and 325 cp/ml of viral RNA in their samples. Analyses of both the negative and positive subjects’ questionnaires were carried out, so as to determine the probable risk-factors that predisposed the positive subjects to infection. Hypotheses tested at p < 0.05 revealed that there was a significant difference in the rate at which the subjects were infected with HIV among the age-groups.

关键词： Seroprevalence HIV AIDS Tertiary Schools Undergraduates Ekiti Ondo

Comparative Effects of Selected Underutilized Wild Beans on Plasma Lipid Profile and Liver Function of Rats Fed with High Fats Diet

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第4期10卷 459-468页

作者： O. A. Awoyinka T. R. Omodara F. C. Oladele D. D. ajayi H. A. Babalola B. A. olofinbiyi G. S. Adeleye E. O. Odesanmi Department of Medical Biochemistry College of Medicine Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Microbiology Faculty of Sciences Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Chemical Pathology Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Science Laboratory (Biochemistry Option) Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Medicine College of Medicine Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Physiology Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti Nigeria

Dietary fiber content of beans is known to be responsible in the management of metabolic syndrome by delaying the degree of glucose as fuels, changing fat utilization, and controlling appetite through increased satiety, thus lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Hence some selected varieties of underutilized wild beans were evaluated to study their anti-lipidemic effects. Prior to this, attempts were made to ferment the non-digestible fractions of the beans with fermentable micro-organism and the respective gut metabolites were determined. Lipid profile result carried out in the blood showed high density lipoprotein to be significantly (p ≤ 0.05) high in Pakala group with a value of 2.2 ± 0.02 compared to other groups. While for low density lipoprotein (LDL);rats with Otili in their diet had the highest LDL with a value of 0.45 ± 0.01. However, the group of rats fed with Feregede had the least cholesterol level compared to other groups of rats fed with respective wild beans and the negative control group. Otili had the highest ALP with value of 89 ± 1.0. Otili group also had a significant lower value of both aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase. The biochemical indices reported in this study vary from one type of wild bean to another.

关键词： Metabolic Syndrome Dietary Fibres Anti-Lipidemic Alanine Aminotransferase Aspartate Aminotransferase

Interaction of Glucose/Sucrose Binding Lectin Isolated from Nigeria Wild Bean with E. coliand S. aureus

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2017年第12期8卷 1085-1092页

作者： O. A. Awoyinka J. O. Awe O. A. Omosebi O. Osukoya F. C. Oladele B. A. olofinbiyi M. F. Asaolu Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Chemical Sciences (Biochemistry Unit) Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Science Laboratory Technology Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti Nigeria

Lectin purified from wild underutilized local bean—Otili, Feregede, Pakalai was comparatively characterized and further evaluated for interaction with gastrointestinal bacteria—Esherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The purified lectin in all the bean samples showed to be glucose and sucrose binding. The hemagglutinating activity, was non selective to type of blood group (A, B, AB and O). Anti-bacteria interaction with Escherichia coli showed clear zone of inhibition of about 1.5 ± 0.5 mm with lectin from Feregede and Otili while there was slight agglutination with lectin from Pakala. Staphylococcus aureus sensitivity to the lectin extracted from Otili with clear zone of inhibition of 2.0 ± 0.5 mm was also found in the control chloramphenicol. However there was pronounced agglutination with lectin from Feregede and Pakala with Staphylococcus auereus. This may be a clear indication that lectin from local underutilized wild bean understudy will agglutinate and interact with a gram positive bacteria more than gram negative bacteria.

关键词： Staphyloccus aereus Lectin Glucose Gastrointestinal Sucrose Pathogenic

Serum Magnesium Levels in Healthy Pregnant and Pre-Eclamptic Patients —A Cross-Section Study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第9期4卷 561-568页

作者： D. A. Adekanle O. T. Adeyemo A. A. Adeniyi R. A. Okere A. K. Jimoh I. O. Adebara A. Bakare A. S. Atiba A. Adelekan B. A. olofinbiyi Department of Chemical Pathology Federal Medical Centre Ido Ekiti Nigeria Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Health Sciences Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Osogbo Nigeria Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Federal Medical Centre Ido-Ekiti Nigeria

Background: Pre-eclampsia complicates 2% - 8% of pregnancies. Various efforts have been put forward for its prevention and treatment. Magnesium sulphate is presently the recommended drug for the prevention and treatment of eclampsia and severe pre-eclampsia. Objectives: The study aimed to compare the serum magnesium in a healthy pregnant women and pre-eclamptic women. It determined demographic characteristic of the study population and recommended the prophylactic usage of magnesium sulphate in pregnancy in our environment. Method: This was a prospective case control study comparing the serum magnesium levels in pre-eclampsia and normal pregnancy tertiary hospitals. The women who satisfied the inclusion criteria were recruited in the two groups (seventy five in the healthy pregnant women and seventy five in the pre-eclamptic women). The blood samples were collected and analysed for the serum magnesium and urine sample for urinalysis. Result: Total of 150 patients comprises 75 normal pregnant women and 75 cases of pre-eclampsia. The mean serum magnesium in the normal pregnant women was 0.73 (±0.14) mmol/L while in preeclampsia the level was 0.58 (±0.17) mmol/L. This is statistically significant (t = 6.120, p = 0.000). There was significance difference in the mean age of patients with pre-eclampsia and normal pregnancy. The mean parity in the pre-eclampsia was 0.80 and in the normal pregnancy was 1.4 and was statistically significant (t = 3.40, p value < 0.001). The mean gestational age of the pre-eclamptic was 36.5 weeks while it was 28.7 weeks in the normal pregnant women (t = 10.80, p = 0.000). Conclusion: The findings in this research work revealed that the pre-eclamptic women have lower serum magnesium level compared to the normal pregnant women, and it may therefore be interesting to do a larger multicenter study with possibility of developing a marker for this disease of theories.

关键词： Pre-Eclampsia Eclampsia Serum Magnesium Marker and Prophylaxis