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Transmission-reflection optoacoustic ultrasound(TROPUS)computed tomography of small animals

Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 1051-1062页

作者： Elena Mercep Joaquin LHerraiz Xose Luis Dean-ben daniel Razansky Faculty of Medicine Technical University of MunichMunichGermany iThera Medical GmbH MunichGermany Nuclear Physics Group and UPARCOS Complutense University of MadridCEI MoncloaMadridSpain Health Research Institute of Hospital Clinico San Carlos(IdISSC) MadridSpain Institute for biological and Medical Imaging(IbMI) Helmholtz Center MunichNeuherbergGermany Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Institute for biomedical Engineering and Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Rapid progress in the development of multispectral optoacoustic tomography techniques has enabled unprecedented insights into biological dynamics and molecular processes in vivo and noninvasively at penetration and spatiotemporal scales not covered by modern optical microscopy *** imaging provides highly complementary information on elastic and functional tissue properties and further aids in enhancing optoacoustic image *** devised the first hybrid transmission–reflection optoacoustic ultrasound(TROPUS)small animal imaging platform that combines optoacoustic tomography with both reflection-and transmission-mode ultrasound computed *** system features full-view cross-sectional tomographic imaging geometry for concomitant noninvasive mapping of the absorbed optical energy,acoustic reflectivity,speed of sound,and acoustic attenuation in whole live mice with submillimeter resolution and unrivaled image ***-processing unit(GPU)-based algorithms employing spatial compounding and bent-ray-tracing iterative reconstruction were further developed to attain real-time rendering of ultrasound tomography images in the full-ring acquisition *** vivo mouse imaging experiments revealed fine details on the organ parenchyma,vascularization,tissue reflectivity,density,and *** further used the speed of sound maps retrieved by the transmission ultrasound tomography to improve optoacoustic reconstructions via two-compartment *** newly developed synergistic multimodal combination offers unmatched capabilities for imaging multiple tissue properties and biomarkers with high resolution,penetration,and contrast.

关键词： reflectivity rendering details

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Dietary supplementation of sulfur amino acids improves intestinal immunity to Eimeria in broilers treated with anti-interleukin-10 antibody

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 382-389页

作者： Zhouzheng Ren Jiakun Yan Rose Whelan Xujie Liao daniel E.bütz Maria K.Arendt Mark E.Cook Xiaojun Yang Thomas D.Crenshaw College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina Department of Animal Sciences University of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA Evonik Operations GmbH Hanau-WolfgangGermany

Oral antibody to interleukin-10(anti-IL-10)enhances the intestinal immune defense against *** sulfur amino acids methionine and cysteine(MtC)play essential roles in inducing and maintaining protective immune responses during intestinal ***,increased dietary MtC may support the anti-IL-10-induced intestinal immunity to ***(n=640)were arranged in a 2×2×2 factorial design with 2 levels of each of the 3 main factors:dietary standardized ileal digestible(SID)MtC levels(0.6%or 0.8%),dietary anti-IL-10 supplementation(with or without),and coccidiosis challenge(control or challenge).briefly,the broilers were supplied with either 0.6%or 0.8%SID MtC,each with or without anti-IL-10(300 mg/kg),from d 10 to *** d 14,broilers from each diet were gavaged with either PbS or *** resulting Eimeria infection induced fecal oocyst shedding and intestinal *** fed 0.8%SID MtC(main effects,P≤0.05)had decreased feed-to-gain ratio,increased duodenum and cecum luminal anti-Eimeria IgA titers,and decreased fecal oocyst counts,when compared to 0.6%SID *** supplementation of anti-IL-10(main effects,P≤0.05)increased cecum luminal total IgA concentration and decreased cecum ***(P≤0.05)were detected for growth performance and cecum luminal IFN-γ.briefly,the highest body weight gain and feed intake were reached in PbS-gavaged broilers fed 0.8%SID MtC with no anti-IL-10 and in Eimeria-challenged broilers fed 0.8%SID MtC with *** Eimeria-infected broilers,anti-IL-10 increased intestinal luminal IFN-γ and body weight gain only at 0.8%SID ***,anti-IL-10 increased intestinal luminal IFN-γ levels,decreased cecum lesions and restored growth only when fed with adequate amounts of sulfur amino *** findings underscore the importance of providing sufficient essential nutrients to support the anti-IL-10 induced immunity against coccidiosis.

关键词： Chicken Coccidiosis Egg yolk antibody Interleukin-10 Sulfur amino acid

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Understanding root-zone soil moisture in agricultural regions of Central Mexico using the ensemble Kalman filter,satellite-derived information,and the THEXMEX-18 dataset

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 52-78页

作者： Héctor Ernesto Huerta-bátiz daniel Enrique Constantino-Recillas Alejandro Monsiváis-Huertero Juan Carlos Hernández-Sánchez Jasmeet Judge Ramón Sidonio Aparicio-García Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica Unidad Ticomán Instituto Politécnico NacionalMexico CityMexico Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica Unidad Zacatenco Instituto Politécnico NacionalMexico CityMexico Tecnológico Nacional de México-TESE EcatepecMexico Department of Agricultural and biological Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

An Ensemble Kalman Filter(EnKF)-based assimilation algorithm was implemented to estimate root-zone soil moisture(RZSM)using a Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Transfer(SVAT)model during a complete growing season of corn in Central *** and field soil moisture(SM)observations and NASA SMAP SM retrievals were used to understand the effect of vertically spatial updates and uncertainties in meteorological forcings on RZSM *** of RZSM every 3 days using SM observations at 4 depths lowered the averaged standard deviation(ASD)and the root mean square error(RMSE)by 60%and 50%,respectively,compared to the open-loop *** assimilation of synthetic SM at the top 0-5 cm obtained RZSM closer to observations compared to THEXMEX-18 SM measurements and SMAP SM *** between EnKF estimates and SM observations and SMAP SM retrievals are mainly due to misrepresentation of vegetation *** results improved SM estimates up to 10-cm depth using SMAP SM retrievals;however,additional studies are needed to improve SM at deeper *** implemented methodology can estimate SM at the top 10 cm of the soil every 3 days to mitigate the impact of the climate change on agricultural production over rainfed areas,particularly in developing countries.

关键词： Root-zone soil moisture SVAT model ensemble kalman filter soil moisture active-Passive(SMAP)mission agricultural region THEXMEX-18 central Mexico

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Thermo-electro-mechanical microstructural interdependences in conductive thermoplastics

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 955-965页

作者： Javier Crespo-Miguel Sergio Lucarini Angel Arias daniel Garcia-Gonzalez Department of Continuum Mechanics and Structural Analysis Universidad Carlos III de MadridAvda.de la Universidad 3028911 LeganésMadridSpain Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College of LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUK

Additive manufacturing has enabled the design of thermoplastic components that provide structural support,electrical conductivity and heat generation modulated by mechanical *** mechanisms and interplays that govern the material response at the microstructural level remain,however,***,we develop an experimental method to characterise conductive filaments from a combined mechanical,electrical and thermal *** approach is used to unravel exciting material interplays of conductive polylactic *** overcome experimental limitations that prevent a complete microstructural analysis of the problem,we develop a full-field homogenisation framework and implement it for finite *** framework accounts for viscoplasticity,electrical and thermal conduction,convection and heat generation via Joule effect,as well as for the interdependences between *** experimental validation,the framework is applied to virtually optimise fabrication requirements to obtain desired properties in final products,i.e.,stiffer products,filaments with higher conductivities or with better sensing capabilities.

关键词： conductive electrical overcome

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Clinical cytogenetics and molecular cytogenetics

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science b(biomedicine & biotechnology) 2006年第2期7卷 162-163页

作者： LI Marilyn PINKEL daniel Medical School Tulane University New Orleans LA 70112-2699 USA Laboratory of Medicine University of California San Francisco California 94143 USA

The short report will be focused on helping our students to understand commonly used conventional and cutting edge cytogenetic techniques and their clinical applications, the advances and drawbacks of each technique, and how to pick the right test(s) for a specific patient in order to achieve a proper diagnosis efficiently and economically.

关键词： Cytogenetics Chromosome FISH Microarray Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH)

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Sendai Framework’s Global Targets A and b: Opinions from the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction’s Ignite Stage 2019

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第5期13卷 651-663页

作者： Nibedita S.Ray-bennett Krishna Clarke daniel Mendez School of business University of LeicesterLeicester LE17RHUK Avoidable Deaths Network University of LeicesterLeicester LE17RHUK Office of the President Saint Michael Parish of Saint MichaelCaribbean Development BankBridgetown 11000Barbados

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 set seven global targets of which the first two targets are to reduce disaster deaths(target A) and diminish the number of affected people globally(target b)by *** realize these targets,the United Nations General Assembly’s Expert Working Group provided indicators to measure progress as well as terminologies for these targets in *** around these targets is *** article contributes to the understanding of the targets by exploring:(1) what are the conditions that may hinder achieving targets,as well as those that may accelerate their achievement at the national and local levels;and(2) which types of organizations should lead a country’s effort to reduce disaster deaths?These questions were answered by opinion survey research carried out at the Sixth Session of the Global Platform for Disaster Risk *** participants identified disaster risk reduction efforts,early warning systems,awareness,finance and investment(among others) as the important facilitating factors to achieve targets A and *** investment in human security,lack of response and coordination,uncertainty of climate change,poor information,lack of campaigns and low budget allocation(among others) are considered as the important hindering factors for these targets by the *** findings also suggest that the facilitating and hindering variables of targets A and b are interconnected with global target E(disaster risk governance and capacity building).The majority of the participants thought that it is the national government who should lead in a country’s effort to reduce disaster *** on these findings,a few recommendations have been made to improve policy and practice related to the indicators as well as to reimagine theories so that targets A and b can be realized in alignment with target E at the national and local levels by 2030.

关键词： Disaster deaths Disaster risk reduction Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction HealthEDRM Health system Sendai Framework’s targets A and b

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Risk of malignancy in Caroli disease and syndrome: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第31期26卷 4718-4728页

作者： Rene Fahrner Sandra GC Dennler daniel Inderbitzin Department of Surgery Bürgerspital SolothurnSolothurn 4500Switzerland Department of Surgery University Hospital DresdenDresden 01307Germany

bACKGROUND Congenital intrahepatic bile duct dilatation without fibrosis is called Caroli disease(CD),and is called Caroli syndrome(CS)when it has fibrotic and cirrhotic liver *** development of intrahepatic carcinoma is described in both conditions,but the reported incidence varies *** risk factors for the malignant transformation were not ***,conservative or surgical treatment is performed depending on the extent of cystic malformation,hepatic dysfunction and structural hepatic changes,but little is known about which treatment should be offered to patients with CD or CS and *** To further investigate the malignant transformation in these *** A systematic review of the current literature until January 2019 was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement.A search using Medline(PubMed)was performed using a combination of Medical Subject Headings terms“caroli disease”,“caroli syndrome”,“tumor”,“malignant”,and“cholangiocarcinoma”.Only human studies published in English were used for this systematic *** following parameters were extracted from each article:year of publication,type of study,number of patients,incidence of malignant tumor,duration of symptoms,age,sex,diagnostics,identification of tumor,surgical therapy,survival and tumor *** Twelve retrospective studies reporting the courses of 561 patients(53%females)were included in this systematic *** a mean age of 41.6 years old(range 23 to 56 years old),patients were younger than other populations undergoing liver *** on the size of the study population the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma varied from 2.7%to 37.5%with an overall incidence of 6.6%.There were only few detailed reports about preoperative diagnostic work-up,but a multimodal work-up including ultrasound of the liver,computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging and endoscopic retrograd

关键词： Malignancy Caroli disease Caroli syndrome Tumor Cholangiocarcinoma Review

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Widespread testing, case isolation and contact tracing may allow safe school reopening with continued moderate physical distancing: A modeling analysis of King County, WA data

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 24-35页

作者： Chloe bracis Eileen burns Mia Moore David Swan daniel b.Reeves Joshua T.Schiffer Dobromir Dimitrov Universite Grenoble Alpes TIMC-IMAG/BCM38000GrenobleFrance Independent Researcher SeattleWAUSA Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWAUSA Clinical Research Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWAUSA Department of Medicine University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of Applied Mathematics University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA

background:In late March 2020,a“Stay Home,Stay Healthy”order was issued in Washington State in response to the COVID-19 *** May 1,a 4-phase reopening plan *** investigated whether adjunctive prevention strategies would allow less restrictive physical distancing to avoid second epidemic waves and secure safe school ***:We developed a mathematical model,stratifying the population by age,infection status and treatment status to project SARS-CoV-2 transmission during and after the reopening *** model was parameterized with demographic and contact data from King County,WA and calibrated to confirmed cases,deaths and epidemic peak *** prevention interventions were simulated assuming different levels of pre-COVID physical interactions(pC_PI)***:The best model fit estimated~35%pC_PI under the lockdown which prevented~17,000 deaths by May *** restoring 75%pC_PI for all age groups between May 15-July 15 would have resulted in~350 daily deaths by early September ***before November and allowed opening of schools with<15 daily *** antiviral treatment was predicted to reduce deaths significantly without lowering cases or ***:We predict that widespread testing,contact tracing and case isolation would allow relaxation of physical distancing,as well as opening of schools,without a surge in local cases and deaths.

关键词： Mathematical modeling Epidemiology Age structured model Physical distancing Contact tracing

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Caffeine Increases Rate of Torque Development Without Affecting Maximal Torque

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2019年第3期1卷 248-256页

作者： b rent M.Peterson Lee E.brown daniel A.Judelson Samantha Gallo-Rebert Jared W.Coburn Department of Kinesiology School of ScienceTechnologyand HealthBiola UniversityLa MiradaCAUSA Exercise Physiology Lab and Center for Sport Performance Department of KinesiologyCalifornia State UniversityFullerton800 N.State CollegeBlvd.KHS-235CA 92834USA

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of caffeine on peak torque(PT),rate of torque development(RTD),and muscle activation in college-age *** Fifteen men(23.3±2.2 years,177.6±8.7 cm,90.3±19.1 kg)volunteered to participate in this *** each of two test sessions,maximal leg extension PT and RTD were determined and electromyographic(EMG)and mechano-myographic(MMG)signals were collected to examine electrical and mechanical aspects of muscle activation,*** also performed the Wingate Anaerobic Test(WAnT)for the determination of peak power(PP),mean power(MP),and fatigue percentage(FP).For the first test session,participants were randomly assigned to ingest either a caffein-ated drink(6 mg/kg)or a placebo 1 h prior to *** second test session was identical to the first,but the drink not previously administered was ingested prior to *** The results indicated there were no significant effects of caffeine on PT,PP,MP,FP,or EMG and MMG ***,RTD was positively affected by caffeine(856.4±246.4 Nm/s)compared to the placebo condition(710.9±267.9 Nm/s).Conclusions These results suggest that caffeine can be an effective aid for sport activities requiring maximal rates of force or torque development during very short time periods.

关键词： Ergogenic aid Wingate anaerobic test Electromyography Mechanomyography

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Carrier dynamics and doping profiles in GaAs nanosheets

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Nano Research 2014年第2期7卷 163-170页

作者： Chia-Chi Chang Chun-Yung Chi Chun-Chung Chen Ningfeng Huang Shermin Arab Jing Qiu Michelle L. Povinelli P. daniel Dapkus Stephen b. Cronin Department of Physics Center for Energy Nanoscience Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

We have recently demonstrated that GaAs nanosheets can be grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition （MOCVD）. Here, we investigate these nanosheets by secondary electron scanning electron microscopy （SE-SEM） and electron beam induced current （EbIC） imaging. An abrupt boundary is observed between an initial growth region and an overgrowth region in the nanosheets. The SE-SEM contrast between these two regions is attributed to the inversion of doping at the boundary. EbIC mapping reveals a p-n junction formed along the boundary between these two regions. Rectifying I-V behavior is observed across the boundary further indicating the formation of a p-n junction. The electron concentration （ND） of the initial growth region is around 1 × 10^18 cm^-3, as determined by both Hall effect measurements and low temperature photoluminescence （PL） spectroscopy. based on the EbIC data, the minority carrier diffusion length of the nanosheets is 177 nm, which is substantially longer than the corresponding length in unpassivated GaAs nanowires measured previously.

关键词： MOCVD GaAs nanosheets EbIC Hall measurement secondary electronemission

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