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Urban invaders are not bold risk-takers: a study of 3 invasive lizards in Southern California

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Current Zoology 2020年第6期66卷 657-665页

作者： breanna J.Putman Gregory b.Pauly daniel T.blumstein Department of Ecology and Evolutionary biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095-1606USA Department of Herpetology and Urban Nature Research Center Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County900 Exposition BoulevardLos AngelesCA90007USA Department of biology California State UniversitySan BernardinoCA 92407USA

biological invasions threaten biodiversity worldwide,and therefore,understanding the traits of successful invaders could mitigate their *** comm only invasive species do well in disturbed habitats,such as urban environments,and their abilities to effectively respond to disturbarices could con tribute to their ***,there are non invasive species that also do well in disturbed *** question remains whether urban invaders behave differently in urban environments than noninvaders,which could suggest an"urban-exploiting"*** Southern California,the co-occurrence of in vasive Italia n wall lizards Pod arc is siculus,brown anoles Anolis sagrei,and green anoles ***,and native western fence lizards Sceloporus occidentalis offers an opportunity to test whether invasives exhibit consistent differences in risk-taking within human-altered habitats compared with a native *** predicted that invasive lizards would exhibit more bold behavior by having shorter flight-initiation distances(FIDs)and by being found farther from a refuge(behaviors that would presumably maximize foraging in low-risk environments).Invasive populations had similar or longer FIDs,but were consistently found at distances closer to a ***,invasive lizards in urban habitats were not bolder than a native *** on nearby refuges might help species successfully invade urban habitats,and if a general pattern,may pose an added challenge in detecting or eliminating them.

关键词： antipredator boldness escape behavior invasion reptile urban ecology

RPLP0/TbP are the most stable reference genes for human dental pulp stem cells under osteogenic differentiation

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第6期16卷 656-669页

作者： daniel b Ferreira Leticia M Gasparoni Cristiane F bronzeri Katiucia b S Paiva Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix biology and Cellular Interaction Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-000São PauloBrazil

bACKGROUND Validation of the reference gene(RG)stability during experimental analyses is essential for correct quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)data ***,in an unreliable way,several studies use genes involved in essential cellular functions[glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydro-genase(GAPDH),18S rRNA,andβ-actin]without paying attention to whether they are suitable for such experimental conditions or the reason for choosing such ***,such studies use only one gene when Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments guidelines recom-mend two or more *** impacts the credibility of these studies and causes dis-tortions in the gene expression *** tissue engineering,the accuracy of gene expression drives the best experimental or therapeutical *** cultivated DPSCs under two conditions:Undifferentiated and osteogenic dif-ferentiation,both for 35 *** evaluated the gene expression of 10 candidates for RGs[ribosomal protein,large,P0(RPLP0),TATA-binding protein(TbP),GAPDH,actin beta(ACTb),tubulin(TUb),aminolevulinic acid synthase 1(ALAS1),tyro-sine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein,zeta(YWHAZ),eukaryotic translational elongation factor 1 alpha(EF1a),succinate dehydrogenase complex,subunit A,flavoprotein(SDHA),and beta-2-micro-globulin(b2M)]every 7 d(1,7,14,21,28,and 35 d)by *** data were analysed by the four main algorithms,ΔCt method,geNorm,NormFinder,and bestKeeper and ranked by the RefFinder *** subdivided the samples into eight *** All of the data sets from clonogenic and osteogenic samples were analysed using the RefFinder *** final ranking showed RPLP0/TbP as the two most stable RGs and TUb/b2M as the two least stable *** theΔCt method or NormFinder analysis showed TbP/RPLP0 as the two most stable ***,geNorm analysis showed RPLP0/EF1αin the first *** algorithms’two least stab

关键词： Dental pulp stem cells Reference gene Housekeeping gene Endogenous gene Osteogenic differentiation RefFinder

Network analysis to inform invasive species spread among lakes

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第3期37卷 1037-1041页

作者： ESCObAR Luis E. ROMERO-ALVAREZ daniel LARKIN daniel J. PHELPS Nicholas b. D. Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUSA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary biology-biodiversity Institute University of KansasLawrenceUSA Department of Fisheries Wildlifeand Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA

Often facilitated by human-mediated pathways,aquatic invasive species are a threat to the health and biodiversity of global *** present a novel approach incorporating survey data of watercraft movement in a social network analysis to reconstruct potential pathways of aquatic invasive species spread between *** an example,we use the green alga Nitellopsis obtusa,also known as starry stonewort,an aquatic invasive species affecting the Great Lakes region in the United States and *** movement of algal fragments via human-mediated pathways(i.e.,watercraft)has been hypothesized as the primary driver of starry stonewort *** used survey data collected at boat ramps during the 2013 and 2014 openwater seasons to describe the flow of watercraft from Lake Koronis,where *** was first detected in Minnesota,to other lakes in the *** results suggest that the risk of *** expansion is not highly constrained by geographic proximity and management efforts should consider highly connected *** human movement via network analysis may help to explain past and future routes of aquatic invasive species infestation between lakes and can improve evidence-based prevention and control efforts.

关键词： Nitellopsis obtusa starry stonewort lake network invasion

Growth rates of Eucalyptus and other Australian native tree species derived from seven decades of growth monitoring

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第4期26卷 811-826页

作者： Michael R.Ngugi David Doley Mark Cant daniel b.botkin Ecological Sciences Queensland HerbariumDepartment of ScienceInformation Technology and InnovationQueensland Government Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation Sustainable Minerals InstituteThe University of Queensland Technical Services Pest ManagementDepartment of National ParksRecreationSport and RacingQueensland Government Department of biology University of Miami

There is widespread interest in estimating and forecasting individual tree and forest growth rates for restoration and carbon sequestration objectives. Outside intensively managed forests, past attempts have been limited by the lack of accurate long-term monitoring in multi-age mixed native forests to provide estimates of both expected mean diameter increments and the statistical variation in those estimates. A dataset from Eucalyptus-dominated native forests in subtropical Queensland, Australia offers an opportunity to provide accurate estimates of tree and forest growth rates. Over 86,400 trees from 155 native species were identified and remeasured between 1936 and 2011 in 641 permanent sample plots across a 500-2000 mm mean annual rainfall gradient. Individual tree diameter at breast height （DbH） increments observed for all species ranged mainly from 0.01 to 0.5 cm yr-1 （94 % of values）, with consistentdifferences between rainfall zones （mean of 500- 2000 mm yr-1）, and varying differences between species （155） and stem diameter class （10-100 cm）. For some spe- cies, diameter increment increased progressively with rain- fall （e.g. Eucalyptus siderophloia, Eucalyptus propinqua, and Lophostemon confertus）, but in others （e.g. Corymbia citriodora subsp, variegata, Corymbia intermedia, and Eucalyptus biturbinata） the greatest diameter increments were recorded between 1200 and 1600 mm yr-1. Where there were sufficient data, most species exhibited a quadratic relationship between DbH increment and DbH class, but two species （ Callitris glaucophylla and Eucalyptus crebra） native to the 500-800 mm annual rainfall zone showed lin- ear increases in DbH increment with increasing DbH. Continued monitoring of these plots would add to their already great value.

关键词： Diameter increments Ecological restoration Forest management Eucalypt forests Natural forests

Potential role of metabolomics in diagnosis and surveillance of gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 12874-12882页

作者： Angela W Chan Richdeep S Gill daniel Schiller Michael b Sawyer daniel Schiller Division of General Surgery University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2B7 Canada Division of Medical Oncology Cross Cancer Institute University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 1Z2 Canada

Gastric cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, and is especially prevalent in Asian countries. With such high morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis is essential to achieving curative intent treatment and long term survival. Metabolomics is a new field of study that analyzes metabolites from biofluids and tissue samples. While metabolomics is still in its infancy, there are numerous potential applications in oncology, specifically early diagnosis. Only a few studies in the literature have examined metabolomics’ role in gastric cancer. Various fatty acid, carbohydrate, nucleic acid, and amino acid metabolites have been identified that distinguish gastric cancer from normal tissue and benign gastric disease. However, findings from these few studies are at times conflicting. Most studies demonstrate some relationship of cancer cells to the Warburg Effect, in that glycolysis predominates with conversion of pyruvate to lactate. This is one of the most consistent findings across the literature. There is less consistency in metabolomic signature with respect to nucleic acids, lipids and amino acids. In spite of this, metabolomics holds some promise for cancer surveillance but further studies are necessary to achieve consistency and validation before it can be widely employed as a clinical tool.

关键词： Gastric cancer Metabolomics Screening biomarkers Surveillance

Systematic review of colorectal cancer screening guidelines for average-risk adults: Summarizing the current global recommendations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第1期24卷 124-138页

作者： Florence bénard Alan N barkun Myriam Martel daniel von Renteln Department of Medicine University of Montreal (UdeM )and University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM) Division of Gastroenterology McGill University Health Center McGill University Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology University of Montreal Hospital (CHUM)University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM)

AIM To summarize and compare worldwide colorectal cancer(CRC) screening recommendations in order to identify similarities and *** A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMbASE, Scopus, CENTRAL and ISI Web of knowledge identifying all average-risk CRC screening guideline publications within the last ten years and/or position statements published in the last 2 years. In addition, a hand-search of the webpages of National Gastroenterology Society websites, the National Guideline Clearinghouse, the bMJ Clinical Evidence website,Google and Google Scholar was performed. RESULTS Fifteen guidelines were identified. Six guidelines were published in North America, four in Europe, four in Asia and one from the World Gastroenterology Organization. The majority of guidelines recommend screening average-risk individuals between ages 50 and 75 using colonoscopy(every 10 years), or flexible sigmoidoscopy(FS, every 5 years) or fecal occult blood test(FObT, mainly the Fecal Immunochemical Test, annually or biennially). Disparities throughout the different guidelines are found relating to the use of colonoscopy, rank order between test, screening intervals and optimal age ranges for screening. CONCLUSION Average risk individuals between 50 and 75 years should undergo CRC screening. Recommendations for optimal surveillance intervals, preferred tests/test cascade as well as the optimal timing when to start and stop screening differ regionally and should be considered for clinical decision making. Furthermore, local resource availability and patient preferences are important to increase CRC screening uptake, as any screening is better than none.

关键词： Guidelines Systematic review fecal occult blood test Fecal immunochemical test Colonoscopy Colorectal cancer Screening Flexible sigmoidoscopy

Crop adaptation to climate change:An evolutionary perspective

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Molecular Plant 2023年第10期16卷 1518-1546页

作者： Lexuan Gao Michael b.Kantar Dylan Moxley daniel Ortiz-barrientos Loren H.Rieseberg CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Department of Tropical Plant&Soil Sciences University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHIUSA Department of botany and biodiversity Research Centre University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada School of biological Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia

The disciplines of evolutionary biology and plant and animal breeding have been intertwined throughout their development,with responses to artificial selection yielding insights into the action of natural selection and evolutionary biology providing statistical and conceptual guidance for modern *** we offer an evolutionary perspective on a grand challenge of the 21st century:feeding humanity in the face of climate *** first highlight promising strategies currently under way to adapt crops to current and future climate *** include methods to match crop varieties with current and predicted environments and to optimize breeding goals,management practices,and crop microbiomes to enhance yield and sustainable *** also describe the promise of crop wild relatives and recent technological innovations such as speed breeding,genomic selection,and genome editing for improving environmental resilience of existing crop varieties or for developing new ***,we discuss how methods and theory from evolutionary biology can enhance these existing strategies and suggest novel *** focus initially on methods for reconstructing the evolutionary history of crops and their pests and symbionts,because such historical information provides an overall framework for crop-improvement *** then describe how evolutionary approaches can be used to detect and mitigate the accumulation of deleterious mutations in crop genomes,identify alleles and mutations that underlie adaptation(and maladaptation)to agricultural environments,mitigate evolutionary trade-offs,and improve critical *** feedback between the evolution and crop biology communities will ensure optimal design of strategies for adapting crops to climate change.

关键词： abiotic stress resistance climate change crop adaptation Darwinian agriculture evolutionary biology plant breeding

Deadly oasis:Recurrent annihilation of Cretaceous desert bryophyte colonies;the role of solar,climate and lithospheric forcing

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第1期12卷 1-12页

作者： Juan Pedro Rodríguez-Lópeza Eduardo barrón daniel Peyrot Gary b.Hughes Department of Geology.Faculty of Science.United Arab Emirates University.50009.Al Ain Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Instituto Geológico y Minero de Espana(IGME) Ríos Rosas 23E-28003MadridSpain School of Earth and Environment University of Western Australia.6101CrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia Centre for Energy Geosciences University of Western Australia.6101CrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia Physics Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA93106USA

Many oases(wet interdunes)are sedimentary systems characterized by high-frequency water-level oscillations,marked changes in salinity and intense biological activity at their *** are considered to be one of the most challenging environments on Earth for ecosystem *** dynamic,depositional settings are usually unfavourable for fossilization and subsequent preservation of vegetal *** paper describes bryophyte(liverwort)assemblages occurring in three successive horizons interpreted to represent(i)recurrent early successional phases of biological soil crust colonization of wet interdune margins or(ii)exceptional preservation of floating or riparian liverworts in oasis pond waters associated with a progressive fall of the interdune water *** record of in situ colonization surfaces characterized by delicate(***-free)three-dimensional structures represents an exceptional type of preservation herein associated with a rapid variation in phreatic interdune water level and the subsequent establishment of anoxic and reducing *** occurrence of exceptionally preserved liverwort colonies coincides with the sedimentary record of,at least,three seismite levels in the *** gathered from the site suggests that the water table of the oasis was controlled by a combination of(i)a positive creation of accommodation space due to subsidence associated with movement on syn-sedimentary extensional faults,and(ii)the rise and fall of the oasis water table controlled by the oscillations of the groundwater system due to orbital changes which appear to drive the variability of the climate *** groundwater levels flooded the oasis soil crusts and lead to the exceptional recurrent preservation of liverwort colonies at the oasis ***,considering the hypothesis of floating or riparian liverworts in the oasis pond waters,the fall in the level of the oasis water table placed the floating liverworts in contact with the

关键词： Oasis Cretaceous Liverworts Colonies Extensional tectonics Solar cyclicity

Music Genre Classification Using African buffalo Optimization

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第2期44卷 1823-1836页

作者： b.Jaishankar Raghunathan Anitha Finney daniel Shadrach M.Sivarathinabala V.balamurugan KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore641407India Government Engineering College Palakkad678633India Velammal Institute of Technology Chennai601204India Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai600119India

In the discipline of Music Information Retrieval(MIR),categorizing musicﬁles according to their genre is a difﬁcult *** genre classiﬁca-tion is an important multimedia research domain for classiﬁcation of music *** the proposed method music genre classiﬁcation using features obtained from audio data is *** classiﬁcation is done using features extracted from the audio data of popular online repository namely GTZAN,ISMIR 2004 and Latin Music Dataset(LMD).The features highlight the differences between different musical *** the proposed method,feature selection is per-formed using an African buffalo Optimization(AbO),and the resulting features are employed to classify the audio using back Propagation Neural Networks(bPNN),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Naïve bayes,decision tree and kNN classiﬁ*** evaluation reveals that,AbO based feature selection strategy achieves an average accuracy of 82%with mean square error(MSE)of 0.003 when used with neural network classiﬁer.

关键词： Genre african buffalo optimization neural network SVM audio data music