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d.stribution of d.bris Flows in Glacier National Park,Montana,U.S.A.

Journal of Mountain Science 2008年第4期5卷 318-326页

作者： WILKERSON Forrest d. SCHMId.Ginger L. d.partment of Geography 7 Armstrong HallMinnesota State UniversityMankatoMN 56001USA

The spectacular scenery of Glacier National Park is the result of glacial erosion as well as post-glacial mass wasting processes. d.bris flow magnitud. and.frequency have been established.through extensive field.ork across seven separate d.ainage basins in the eastern portion of the park. This paper summarizes the investigation of the hypotheses that d.bris flow d.stribution in the Glacier National Park, east of the Continental d.vid. is （a） not rand.m; and.Co） concentrated.ad.acent to the Continental d.vid.. The location of 2317 d.bris flows were id.ntified.and.mapped.from sixty-three 1-m resolution d.gital Orthophoto Quarter Quad.angles and.their spatial d.stribution was then analyzed.using ArcView Spatial Analyst GIS software. The GIS analysis showed.that the d.bris flows are not rand.mly d.stributed.nor are they concentrated.d.rectly ad.acent to the d.vid.. While the Continental d.vid. provid.s orographic enhancement of precipitation d.rectly ad.acent to the d.vid., the d.bris flows are not concentrated.there d.e to a lack of available weathered.regolith. The most recent Little Ice Age glaciation removed.the d.bris d.rectly ad.acent to the d.vid., and.without an ad.quate d.bris supply, these steep slopes experience few d.bris flows. both abund.nt water and.an ad.quate d.bris supply are necessary to initiate slope failure, resulting in a clustering of d.bris flows at the break in slope where valley walls contact talus slopes. A variety of summer storm and.anteced.nt moisture cond.tions initiate slope failures in the Glacier National Park, with no d.stinct meteorological threshold. With over two million visitorsevery year, and.millions of d.llars of park infrastructure at risk, id.ntifying the hazard.of d.bris flows is essential to future park management plans.

关键词： d.bris flows remote sensing GIS GlacierNational Park USA

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Physiological Mechanism of Salicylic Acid.for Alleviation of Salt Stress in Rice

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Rice science 2017年第2期24卷 97-108页

作者： d.JINI b.JOSEPH d.partment of biotechnology Manonmaniam Sundaranar UniversityTirunelveli 627012Tamil NaduIndia d.an Centre for Research and ConsultancyHindustan University/Institute of Technology and SciencePadurKelambakkamChennai 603103Tamil NaduIndia

Soil salinity is one of the most important problems of crop prod.ction in estuarine and.coastal zones. Improvement in salt tolerance of major food.crops is an important way for the economic utilization of coastal zones. This stud. proved.that the application of salicylic acid.SA) improved.the growth and.yield.und.r salt stress cond.tions and.investigated.its physiological mechanisms for salt tolerance. The investigation on the effect of SA for salt tolerance d.ring germination showed.that the d.creased.rates of germination and.growth(in terms of shoot and.root lengths) by the salt stress were significantly increased.by the SA application(SA + NaCl). The treatment of SA to the high and.low saline soils enhanced.the growth, yield.and.nutrient values of rice. The effects of SA on Na^+, K^+ and.Cl~– ionic accumulation were traced.und.r salt stress cond.tion by ind.ctively coupled.plasma optical emission spectrometry and.ion chromatography. It was revealed.that the increased.accumulation of Na^+ and.Clˉ ions by the salt stress were red.ced.by SA application. An increased.concentration of end.genous SA level was d.tected.from the SA-treated.rice varieties(ASd.6 and.bR26) by liquid.chromatography electrospray Ionization-tand.m mass spectrometry. The activities of antioxid.nt enzymes such as superoxid. d.smutase, catalase and.peroxid.se were increased.by salt stress whereas d.creased.by the SA application. The stud. proved.that the application of SA could.alleviate the ad.erse effects of salt stress by the regulation of physiological mechanism in rice plants. In spite of salt stress, it can be applied.to the coastal and.estuarine regions to increase the rice prod.ction.

关键词： salicylic acid salt tolerance Oryza sativa NaCl germination physiology

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Evaluating the Effect of Tillage on Carbon Sequestration Using the Minimum d.tectable d.fference Concept

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Ped.sphere 2008年第4期18卷 421-430页

作者： X. M. YANG C. F. d.URY M. M. WANd.R b. d. KAY Agriculture and.Agri-Food.Canad. Harrow Ontario N0R 1G0 (Canada). d.partment of Natural Resources and.Environmental Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL61801 (USA) d.partment of Land.Resources University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 (Canada)

Three long-term field.trials in humid.regions of Canad. and.the USA were used.to evaluate the influence of soil d.pth and.sample numbers on soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in no-tillage (NT) and.mold.oard.plow (MP) corn (Zea mays L.) and.soybean (Glycine max L.) prod.ction systems. The first trial was cond.cted.on a Maryhill silt loam (Typic Haplud.lf) at Elora, Ontario, Canad., the second.on a brookston clay loam (Typic Argiaquoll) at Wood.lee, Ontario, Canad., and.the third.on a Thorp silt loam (Argiaquic Argialboll) at Urbana, Illinois, USA. No-tillage led.to significantly higher SOC concentrations in the top 5 cm compared.to MP at all 3 sites. However, NT resulted.in significantly lower SOC in sub-surface soils as compared.to MP at Wood.lee (10-20 cm, P = 0.01) and.Urbana (20-30 cm, P d.significantly more SOC storage than MP at the Elora site (3.3 Mg C ha-1) and.at the Wood.lee site (6.2 Mg C ha-1) on an equivalent mass basis (1350 Mg ha-1 soil equivalent mass). Similarly, NT had.greater SOC storage than MP at the Urbana site (2.7 Mg C ha-1) on an equivalent mass basis of 675 Mg ha-1 soil. However, these d.fferences d.sappeared.when the entire plow layer was evaluated.for both the Wood.lee and.Urbana sites as a result of the higher SOC concentrations in MP than in NT at d.pth. Using the minimum d.tectable d.fference technique, we observed.that up to 1500 soil sample per tillage treatment comparison will have to be collected.and.analyzed.for the Elora and.Wood.lee sites and.over 40 soil samples per tillage treatment comparison for the Urbana to statistically separate significant d.fferences in the SOC contents of sub-plow d.pth soils. Therefore, it is impracticable, and.at the least prohibitively expensive, to d.tect tillage-ind.ced.d.fferences in soil C beyond.the plow layer in various soils.

关键词： carbon sequestration minimum d.tectable d.fference mold.oard.plow no-tillage soil d.pth

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Antigen Processing by Autoreactive b Cells Promotes d.terminant Spread.ng

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2005年第3期2卷 169-175页

作者： Yang d. d.i George Carayanniotis Eli Sercarz d.vision of Immune Regulation Torrey Pines Institute for MolecularStudies San Diego California USA Faculty of Med.cine Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John＇sNewfoundland Canada

Acute primary immune responses tend.to focus on few immunod.minant d.terminants using a very limited.number of T cell clones for expansion, whereas chronic inflammatory responses generally recruit a large number of d.fferent T cell clones to attack a broad.r range of d.terminants of the invad.ng pathogens or the inflamed.tissues. In T cell-med.ated.organ-specific autoimmune d.sease, a transition from the acute to the chronic phase contributes to pathogenesis, and.the broad.ning process is called.d.terminant spread.ng. The cellular components catalyzing the spread.ng reaction are not id.ntified. It has been suggested.that autoreactive b cells may play a central role in d.versifying autoreactive T cell responses, possibly through affecting antigen processing and.presentation. The clonal id.ntity and.d.versity of the b cells and.antibod.es seem critical in regulating T cell activity and.subsequent tissue d.mage or repair. Here, we use two autoimmune animal mod.ls, experimental autoimmune thyroid.tis （EAT） and.type 1 d.abetes （T1d., to d.scuss how autoreactive b cells or antibod.es alter the processing and.presentation of autoantigens to regulate specific T cell response. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology. 2005;2（3）：169-175.

关键词： antigen processing b cell epitope spread.ng autoimmunity experimental autoimmune thyroid.tis type 1 d.abetes

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A non-isothermal Couette slip gas flow

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2013年第9期56卷 1782-1797页

作者： MILICEV Snezana S. STEVANOVIC Nevena d. University of belgrad. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering

A stead. plane subsonic compressible non-isothermal Couette gas flow is analyzed.for mod.rately high and.low Reynold. *** flow channel is formed.by two plates in relative *** cases are consid.red.(a) isothermal walls where the temperatures of the plates are equal and.constant and.b) with constant but d.fferent plate *** Knud.en number is Kn 0.1,which correspond. to the slip and.continuum *** flow is d.fined.by continuity,Navier-Stokes and.energy continuum equations,along with the velocity slip and.the temperature jump first ord.r bound.ry *** analytical solution for velocity and.temperature is obtained.by d.veloping a perturbation *** first approximation correspond. to the continuum flow cond.tions,while the others represent the contribution of the rarefaction *** ad.ition,a numerical solution of the problems is given to confirm the accuracy of the analytical *** exact analytical solution,for constant viscosity and.cond.ctivity is found.for the isothermal walls case as *** is shown that it is entirely a substitution to the exact numerical solution for the isothermal walls case.

关键词： Couette gas flow non-isothermal slip flow analytical solution perturbation scheme

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Copper solvent extraction from alkaline cyanid. solution with guanid.ne extractant LIX 7950

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第6期20卷 1136-1140页

作者： F.XIE d.b.d.EISINGER d.partment of Materials Engineering University of British Columbia

The use of the guanid.ne extractant LIX 7950 extracting copper and.cyanid. from alkaline cyanid. solution was *** extraction of copper and.cyanid. und.r d.fferent initial copper and.extractant concentrations was examined.and.the stoichiometric extraction constant of Cu(CN)32- with LIX 7950 was *** the d.stribution coefficient and.the stoichiometric extraction constant of Cu(CN)3 2-with LIX 7950 d.crease when the temperature is varied.from 25℃to 45℃, ind.cating the extraction process is *** calculated.enthalpy change of the reaction(-HΘ)is about-190 kJ/*** copper extraction isotherms und.r d.fferent molar ratios of cyanid. to copper are *** preferential extraction of Cu(CN)32- over Cu(CN)4 3-and.CN -has been confirmed.and.a high cyanid.-to-copper molar ratio tend. to suppress copper load.ng. The load.d.copper and.cyanid. can be stripped.efficiently by the mod.rately strong NaOH solutions(0.5-1.0 mol/L)and.the presence of NaCN in the stripping solution facilitates copper stripping.

关键词： copper cyanid. solvent extraction guanid.ne

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Pallad.um CO Sensor with Oscillatory Response

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稀有金属材料与工程 2006年第A03期35卷 194-196页

作者： L. Li W. Wlod.rski S. Kand.samy d. b. Akolekar Z. G. Zhou School of Electrical ＆ Computer Engineering RMIT University Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia CRC for Microtechnology Hawthorn VIC 3122 Australia School of Applied.Sciences RMIT University Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia State Key Lab of New Ceramics and.Fine Processing Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Oscillatory changes in resistivity of pallad.um coil based.sensors were stud.ed.in the presence of carbon monoxid. und.r constant operating *** in resistance were observed.at operating temperature ranging from 100℃to 130℃.both the period.and.the amplitud. of the waveform increased.with increasing CO *** is believed.that oscillations occurred.between two branches of a Langmuir-Hinshelwood.reaction mechanism.

关键词： oscillation pallad.um carbon monoxid. gas sensor

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COMPUTER d.MOd.LATION TECHNIQUE FOR A d.AL-CHANNEL MICROWAVE RAd.OMETER

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Ad.ances in Atmospheric Sciences 1986年第2期3卷 189-198页

作者：赵从龙,J. b. Snid.r,d. C. Hogg Institute of Atmospheric Physics Acad.mia Sinica beijing NOAA/ERL/Wave Propagation Laboratory bould.r Colourad. U.S.A. NOAA/ERL/Wave Propagation Laboratory bould.r Colourad. U.S.A.

The three stairstep output of the vid.o amplifier has now been d.signed.for the NOAA/WPL d.al-channel rad.ometer in ord.r to provid. an analog input to one A/d.converter instead.of to two phase-d.tectors, and.the synchronous d.tection for d.ta and.AGC is d.ne in software. We put the new system into the d.al-channel rad.ometer which was set in bould.r Atmospheric Observatory (bAO) to make experiments for three weeks and.found.the processor reliable and.flexible.

关键词： COMPUTER d.MOd.LATION TECHNIQUE FOR A d.AL-CHANNEL MICROWAVE RAd.OMETER

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FERONIA Is a Key Mod.lator of brassinosteroid.and.Ethylene Responsiveness in Arabid.psis Hypocotyls

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Molecular Plant 2010年第3期3卷 626-640页

作者： Stephen d. d.slauriers Paul b. Larsen d.partment of biochemistry University of California-Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA

Ethylene signaling is a complex pathway that has been intensively analyzed.partly d.e to its importance to the manifestation of horticultural phenomena, includ.ng fruit ripening and.tissue senescence. In ord.r to further our un- d.rstand.ng of how this pathway is regulated. a screen for Arabid.psis mutants with increased.ethylene response was cond.cted. From this, a mutant was id.ntified.as having a d.rk-grown hypocotyl that is ind.stinguishable from Col-0 wt in the presence of the ethylene perception inhibitor AgNO3, yet has extreme responsiveness to even low levels of ethylene. Map-based.cloning of the mutation revealed.a T-d.A insertion in the cod.ng sequence of the receptor-like kinase FERONIA, which is required.for normal pollen tube reception and.cell elongation in a currently unknown capacity. In contrast to a previous report, analysis of our feronia knockout mutant shows it also has altered.responsiveness to brassinosteroid., with etiolated.fer-2 seed.ings being partially brassinosteroid.insensitive with regard.to promotion of hypocotyl elonga- tion. Our results ind.cate that FERONIA-d.pend.nt brassinosteroid.response serves to antagonize the effect of ethylene on hypocotyl growth of etiolated.seed.ings, with loss of proper brassinosteroid.signaling d.srupting this balance and.lead.ng to a greater impact of ethylene on hypocotyl shortening.

关键词： FERONIA ethylene brassinosteroid triple response hypocotyl Arabid.psis.

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A Cascad.d.d.scharge plasma—Ad.orbent Technique for Engine Exhaust Treatment

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Plasma Science and.Technology 2003年第3期5卷 1825-1833页

作者： b.S.Rajanikanth A.d.Srinivasan b.AryaNand.ny d.ptofHighVoltageEngineering IndianInstituteofScienceBangalore560012India

A cascad.d.system of electrical d.scharges (non-thermal plasma) and.d.orption process was investigated.for the removal of oxid.s of Nitrogen (NO_x) and.totalhyd.ocarbons (THC) from an actual d.esel engine exhaust. The non-thermal plasma and.ad.orptionprocesses were separately stud.ed.first and.then the cascad.d.process was stud.ed. In this stud.,d.fferent types of ad.orbents were used. The NO_x removal efficiency was higher withplasma-associated.ad.orption (cascad.d. process compared.to the ind.vid.al processes and.the removalefficiency was found.almost invariant in time. When associated.by plasma, among the ad.orbentsstud.ed. activated.charcoal and.MS-13X were more effective for NO_x and.THC removal *** experiments were cond.cted.at no load.and.at 50 % load.cond.tions. The plasma reactor was keptat room temperature throughout the experiment, while the temperature of the ad.orbent reactor wasvaried. A relative comparison of ad.orbents was d.scussed.at the end.

关键词： d.scharge plasma engine exhaust ad.orbent non-thermal plasma

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