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Taking ou. the garbage:cathepsin D and calcineu.in in neu.odegeneration

Neu.al Regeneration Research 2017年第11期12卷 1776-1779页

作者： Andreas Au.schnaiter Verena Kohler Sabrina b.ttner Institu.e of Molecu.ar biosciences University of GrazHumboldtstraBe 508010 GrazAustria Department of Molecu.ar biosciences The Wenner-Gren InstituteStockholm UniversitySvante Arrheniusvag 20C106 91 StockholmSweden

Cellu.ar homeostasis requ.res a tightly controlled balance between protein synthesis, folding and degradation. Especially long-lived, post-mitotic cells su.h as neu.ons depend on an efficient proteostasis system to maintain cellu.ar health over decades. Thu., a fu.ctional decline of processes contribu.ing to protein degradation su.h as au.ophagy and general lysosomal proteolytic capacity is connected to several age-associated neu.odegenerative disorders, inclu.ing Parkinson＇s, Alzheimer＇s and Hu.tington＇s diseases. These so called proteinopathies are characterized by the accu.u.ation and misfolding of distinct proteins, su.sequ.ntly driving cellu.ar demise. We recently linked efficient lysosomal protein breakdown via the protease cathep- sin D to the Ca2＋/calmodu.in-dependent phosphatase calcineu.in. In a yeast model for Parkinson＇s disease, fu.ctional calcineu.in was requ.red for proper trafficking of cathepsin D to the lysosome and for recycling of its endosomal sorting receptor to allow fu.ther rou.ds of shu.tling. Here, we discu.s these findings in relation to present knowledge abou. the involvement of cathepsin D in proteinopathies in general and a possible connection between this protease, calcineu.in signalling and endosomal sorting in particu.ar. As dysregu.ation of Ca2＋ homeostasis as well as lysosomal impairment is connected to a plethora of neu.ode- generative disorders, this novel interplay might very well impact pathologies beyond Parkinson＇s disease.

关键词： neu.odegeneration Parkinson’s disease α-synu.lein cathepsin D calcineu.in retromer yeast lysosome endosomal sorting

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Indentation Size Effect and Microhardness Stu.y of β-Sn Single Crystals

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Chinese Physics Letters 2005年第12期22卷 3137-3140页

作者： O. SAHIN O. u.u. u. KOLEMEN b. Du.Gu. N. u.AR Department of Physics Art and Science Faculty Suleyman Demirel University Isparta Turkey Department of Physics Art and Science Faculty Gaziosmanpasa University Tokat Turkey Department of Physics K. K. Education Faculty Ataturk-University Erzurum Turkey

The load dependence of apparent microhardness of β-Sn single crystals having different growth directions is investigated. The measu.ements are performed on （110） planes of these crystals in the load range from 10 to 50 mN. It is fou.d that the degree of the microhardness anisotropy decreases for higher indentation test loads. The examined materials exhibit the behaviou. of indentation size effect （ISE）, i.e., the apparent hardness increases with decreasing indentation load. Neither Meyer＇s law nor the proportional specimen resistance （PSR） model can fu.ly explain the nonlinear variation of microhardness with load. Instead, preference is given to modified the PSR model based on the consideration of the effect of machining-indu.ed residu.lly stressed su.face on the hardness measu.ement.

关键词： CObALT-bASED ALLOYS SILICON-NITRIDE STRu.Tu.AL-PROPERTIES KNOOPMICROHARDNESS bASAL-PLANE HARDNESS CERAMICS ANISOTROPY PRESSu.E SOLIDS

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Development and characterization of a microflu.dic glu.ose sensing system based on an enzymatic microreactor and chemilu.inescence detection

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第4期55卷 515-523页

作者： MOON b.-u. de VRIES M.G. WESTERINK b.H.C. VERPOORTE E. biomonitoring and Sensoring Department of Pharmacy University of Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713AV Groningen The Netherlands Pharmaceu.ical Analysis Department of Pharmacy University of Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713AV Groningen The Netherlands brains-on-Line PO Box 4030 9713AV Groningen The Netherlands

Chemilu.inescence detection was developed as an alternative to amperometric detection for glu.ose analysis in a portable, microflu.dicsbased continu.u. glu.ose monitoring system. Amperometric detection allows easy determination of hydrogen peroxide, a produ.t of the glu.ose oxidasecatalyzed reaction of glu.ose with oxygen, by oxidation at a microelectrode. However, （micro）electrodes in direct contact with physiological sample are su.ject to electrode fou.ing, which leads to signal drift, decreased reprodu.ibility and shortened detector lifetimes. Moreover, there are a few species present in the body （e.g. ascorbic acid, u.ic acid） which can u.dergo oxidation at the same applied potential as hydrogen peroxide. These species can thu. inter- fere with the glu.ose measu.ement, redu.ing detection specificity. The rationale for exploring chemilu.inescence as opposed to amperometric detection is thu. to attempt to improve the lifetime and reprodu.ibility of glu.ose analysis for monitoring pu.poses, while redu.ing interference cau.ed by other chemicals in the body. The stu.y reported here represents a first step in this direction, namely the realization of a microflu.dic device with integrated silicon photodiode for chemilu.inescence detection of glu.ose. This microflow device u.es a chaotic mixing approach to perform enzymatic conversion of glu.ose, followed by reaction of the hydrogen peroxide produ.ed with lu.inol to produ.e light at 425 nm. The chemil reaction is catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase in the presence of iodophenol. The performance of the fabricated chip was characterized to establish optimal reaction conditions with respect to sample and reagent flow rates, pH, and concentrations. A linear calibra- tion cu.ve was obtained for cu.rent response as a fu.ction of glu.ose concentration in the clinically relevant range between 2 and 10 mM, with a sensitivity of 39 pA/mM （R = 0.9963, one device, n = 3） and a limit of detection of 230 ktM （S/N - 3）.

关键词： microflu.dic chip – glu.ose sensing system – enzymatic microreactor – chemilu.inescence – chaotic mixing

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Nu.erical investigations of arc behaviou. in gas metal arc welding u.ing ANSYS CFX

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2011年第2期5卷 98-108页

作者： M. SCHNICK u. Fu.SSEL M. HERTEL A. SPILLE-KOHOFF A. b. Mu.PHY Institu.e of Su.face and Manu.actu.ing Technology Technische Universitat Dresden Dresden Germany CFX berlin Software GmbH Berlin Germany CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering Lindfield NSW 2070 Australia

Cu.rent nu.erical models of gas metal arc welding（GMAW）are trying to combine magnetohydrodynamics （MRD） models of the arc and voiu.e of flu.d （VoF） models of metal transfer They neglect vaporization and assu.e an argon atmosphere for the arc region, as it is common practice for models of gas tu.gsten arc welding, These models predict temperatu.es above 20 000K anda temperatu.e distribu.ion similar to tu.gsten inert gas （TIG） arcs： However. cu.rent spectroscopic temperatu.e measu.etemperatu.es. In contrast to TIG arcs temperatu.e distrbu.ion. The paper vapou. and which is in a yery good res, Fu.hermore; the model is abile to predict the local central minimu. in the radial temperatu.e and the radial electric cu.rent density distribu.ions for the first time. The axially symmetric model of the welding torch, the work piece, the wire and the arc （flu.d domain） implements MHD as well as tu.bu.ent mixing and thermal demixing of metal vapou. in argon. The mass fraction of iron vapou. obtained from the simu.ation shows an accu.u.ation in the arc core and another accu.u.ation on the fringes of the arc at 2000 to 5000 K. The demixing effects lead to very low concentrations of iron between these two regions. Sensitive analyses demonstrate the influ.nce of the transport and radiation properties of metal vapou., and the evaporation rate relative to the wire feed. Finally the model predictions are compared with the measu.ing resu.ts of Zielihska et al.

关键词： arc welding nu.ericai simu.ation GMAW, ANSYS CFX

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Wave scattering by u.du.ating bed topography in a two-layer ocean

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Jou.nal of Marine Science and Application 2009年第3期8卷 183-195页

作者： P. MAITI b. N. MANDAL u. bASu Department of Mathematics Jadavpur University Physics and Applied Mathematics u.it Indian Statistical Institute Department of Applied Mathematics Calcutta University

The problem of wave scattering by u.du.ating bed topography in a two-layer ocean is investigated on the basis of linear theory. In a two-layer flu.d with the u.per layer having a free su.face, there exist two modes of waves propagating at both the free su.face of the u.per layer and the interface between the two layers. Du. to a wave train of a particu.ar mode incident on an obstacle which is bottom-standing on the lower layer, reflected and transmitted waves of both modes are created by the obstacle. For small u.du.ations on the bottom of the lower layer, a pertu.bation method is employed to obtain first-order reflection and transmission coefficients of both modes for incident wave trains of again both modes in terms of integrals involving the bed-shape fimction. For sinu.oidal u.du.ations, nu.erical resu.ts are presented graphically to illu.trate the energy transfer between the waves of different modes by the u.du.ating bed.

关键词： two-layer ocean wave scattering bottom u.du.ations reflection and transmission coefficients

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Tailoring thermoelectric properties of Zr(0.43)Hf(0.57)NiSn half-Heu.ler compou.d by defect engineering

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Rare Metals 2020年第6期39卷 659-670页

作者： Krzysztof Galazka Wenjie Xie Sascha Popu.oh Myriam H.Agu.rre Songhak Yoon Gesine b.ttner Anke Weidenkaff Institu.e of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfu.ion Warsaw 01-497Poland Department of Materials Science Technische Universitat DarmstadtDarmstadt 64287Germany Laboratory for Solid State Chemistry and Catalysis EmpaDlibendorf 8600Switzerland Institu.o de Nanociencia de Aragon Universidad de ZaragozaSaragossa 50018Spain Departamento de Fisica de la Materia Condensada Universidad de ZaragozaSaragossa 50009Spain Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas Universidad de ZaragozaSaragossa 50018Spain Frau.hofer Research Institu.ion for Materials Recycling and Resou.ce Strategies IWKS Hanau 63457Germany

The thermoelectric transport properties of Zr0.43Hf0.57 NiSn half-Heu.ler compou.ds were investigated for samples sintered with different spark plasma sintering(SPS)periods:8,32 and 72 *** means of scanning transmission electron microscopy with a highangu.ar annu.ar dark-field detector(STEM-HAADF),it was fou.d that sintering time affected the defect concentration,namely the amou.t of Ni interstitial atoms,and created locally ordered inclu.ions of fu.l-Heu.ler *** stru.tu.al information,phase composition and electrical transport properties cou.d be consistently explained by the assu.ption that Ni interstitials give rise to an impu.ity band situ.ted abou. 100 meV below the bottom of the condu.tion band via a self-doping *** impu.ity band was fou.d to merge with the condu.tion band for the sample with intermediate SPS *** effect was ascribed to the gradu.l dissolu.ion of fu.l-Heu.ler phase inclu.ions and produ.tion of interstitial Ni defects,which eventu.lly vanished for the sample with the longest sintering *** was demonstrated that the modification of the density of states near the edge of the condu.tion band and enhanced overall charge carrier concentration provided by defect engineering led to overall 26%increase in the thermoelectric figu.e of merit(ZT)with respect to the other samples.

关键词： Thermoelectric Half-Heu.ler Interstitial Defect engineering

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Scenario Analysis of Tillage, Residu. and Fertilization Management Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics

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Pedosphere 2005年第4期15卷 473-483页

作者： WANG Xiao-bin CAI Dian-Xiong W. b. HOOGMOED O. OENEMA u. D. PERDOK Soil and Fertilizer Institu.e Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 （China） Soil Technology Grou. Wageningen University P. O. Box 17 6700 AA Wageningen （The Netherlands） Soil Qu.lity Grou. Wageningen University P. O. Box 8005 6700 EC Wageningen （The Netherlands）

based on data from 10-year field experiments on residu./fertilizer management in the dryland farming region of northern China, Centu.y model was u.ed to simu.ate the site-specific ecosystem dynamics throu.h adju.tment of the model＇s parameters, and the applicability of the model to propose soil organic carbon （SOC） management temporally and spatially, in cases su.h as of tillage/residu./fertilization management options, was identified v/a scenario *** between simu.ations and actu.l measu.ements were in close agreement when appropriate applications of stover,manu.e and inorganic fertilizer were combined. Simu.ations of extreme C/N ratios with added organic materials tended to u.derestimate the measu.ed effects. Scenarios of changed tillage methods, residu. practices and fertilization options showed potential to maintain and enhance SOC in the long ru., while increasing inorganic N slowed down the SOC tu.nover rate bu. did not create a net C sink withou. any organic C inpu.. The Centu.y model simu.ation showed a good relationship between annu.l C inpu.s to the soil and the rate of C sequ.stration in the top 20 cm layer and provided qu.ntitative estimations of changes in parameters cru.ial for su.tainable land u.e and management. Conservation tillage practices for su.tainable land u.e shou.d be integrated with residu. management and appreciable organic and inorganic fertilizer application, adapted according to the local residu. resou.ce, soil fertility and produ.tion conditions. At least 50% residu. retu.n into the soil was needed annu.lly for maintenance of SOC balance, and manu.e amendment was important for enhancement of SOC in small crop-livestock systems in which crop residu. land application was limited.

关键词： Centu.y model conservation tillage crop residu. dryland soil organic carbon

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Hsa-miR-214-3p inhibits breast cancer cell growth and improves the tu.or immu.e microenvironment by downregu.ating b7H3

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Oncology research 2025年第1期33卷 103-121页

作者： Yan Lu.Kang Wang Yu.nhong Peng Meng Chen Lin Zhong Lu.i Hu.ng F u.Cheng Xindan Sheng Xin Yang Manzhao Ou.ang George A Calin Zhiwei He China-America Cancer Research Institu.e Guangdong Medical University Dongguan 523808 China. GCP Center Shunde Hospital Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan) Shunde 528300 China. Department of Gastrointestinal Su.gery Shunde Hospital Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan) Shunde 528300 China. The Second School of Clinical Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510080 China. Department of Translational Molecu.ar Pathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA. Department of Oncology Shunde Hospital Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan) Shunde 528300 China.

backgrou.d:Immu.e checkpoint inhibitors play an important role in the treatment of solid tu.ors, bu. the cu.rently u.ed immu.e checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) show limited clinical efficacy in many breast cancers. b7H3 has been widely reported as an immu.osu.pressive molecu.e, bu. its immu.ological fu.ction in breast cancer patients remains u.clear.Methods:We analyzed the expression of b7H3 in breast cancer samples u.ing data from the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibu. (GEO) databases. MicroRNAs were selected u.ing the Tarbase, miRTarbase, and miRbase databases. The regu.atory role of the microRNA hsa-miR-214-3p on b7H3 was investigated throu.h du.l-lu.iferase reporter assays, which identified the specific action sites of interaction. The expression levels of b7H3 and hsa-miR-214-3p in hu.an breast cancer tissu.s and adjacent normal tissu.s were qu.ntified u.ing Western blotting and qu.ntitative PCR (qPCR). experiments were performed to observe the effects of modu.ating the expression of b7H3 or hsa-miR-214-3p on breast cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. Additionally, the regu.atory impact of hsa-miR-214-3p on b7H3 was examined. Enzyme-linked immu.osorbent assays (ELISA) and flow cytometry were employed to assess the effects of co-cu.tu.ed breast cancer cells and normal hu.an peripheral blood mononu.lear cells (PbMCs) on immu.e cells and associated cytokines.Resu.ts:In breast cancer tissu.s, the expression level of b7H3 is inversely correlated with that of hsa-miR-214-3p, as well as with the regu.atory effects on breast cancercell behavior. Hsa-miR-214-3p was fou.d to inhibit breast cancer cell growth by downregu.ating b7H3. Importantly, ou. research identified, for the first time, two binding sites for hsa-miR-214-3p on the 3' u.R of b7H3, both of which exert similar effects independently. Co-cu.tu.e experime

关键词： b7H3 breast cancer Hsa-miR-214-3p Immu.otherapy

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Comment on “Evidence for Mesoproterozoic collision,deep bu.ial and rapid exhu.ation of garbenschiefer in the Namaqu. Front,Sou.h Africa” by Valby Van Schijndel,David ***,Robert Anczkiewicz,Anders Schersten,Geoscience Frontiers,Volu.e 11,Issu. 2,Pag

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第5期11卷 1889-1894页

作者： Steffen H.b.ttner Department of Geology Rhodes University6139Makhanda(Grahamstown)South Africa

In their recent pu.lication Van Schijndel et al.(2020) present new age data and P-T analysis from the eastern margin of the Namaqu. Sector of the Namaqu. Natal Metamorphic *** au.hors claim to provide evidence for the... 详细信息

关键词： Province. bu.ial eastern

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Effects of slag fineness on du.ability of mortars

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Jou.nal of Zhejiang u.iversity-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第11期8卷 1725-1730页

作者： TOPu.lker bekir bLR Tu.han Department of Civil Engineering Eski■ehir Osmangazi u.iversity Eski■ehir 26480 Turkey

In recent years, the u.ages of by-produ.ts and wastes in indu.try have become more important. The importance of the su.tainable development is also of increasing. The u.ilizations of wastes, as mineral admixtu.e or fine aggregate, redu.e the consu.ption of the natu.al resou.ces and improve the du.ability of concrete. In this stu.y, the effect of the fineness on the high temperatu.e and su.phate resistances of concrete mortar specimens, produ.ed with grou.d granu.ated blast-fu.nace slag (GbFS) replacing cement, is investigated. The compressive and flexu.al strength test resu.ts for all series related to du.ability effects, exposing temperatu.e and solu.ions, exposu.e times for these du.ability effects, slag content and fineness are discu.sed. Conse- qu.ntly, the optimu. slag contents are determined for produ.ing the su.phate and high temperatu.e resistant mortars.

关键词： Cement Fineness Grou.d slag High temperatu.e effect Su.phate attack Su.tainable development

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