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Debaryomyces hansenii supplementation in low fish meal diets promotes growth,modulates microbiota and enhances intestinal condition in juvenile marine fish

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 253-276页

作者： Ignasi Sanahuja Alberto Ruiz Joana P.Firmino Felipe E.Reyes-López Juan b.Ortiz-Delgado Eva Vallejos-Vidal Lluis Tort Dariel Tovar-Ramírez Isabel m.Cerezo miguel A.moriñigo Carmen Sarasquete Enric Gisbert Aquaculture Program Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology(IRTA)La Rapita 43540Spain Centro de biotecnologia Acuicola Universidad de Santiago de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias marinas de Andalucia(ICmAN-CSIC) Avda.Republica Saharaui no 2Campus Universitario Rio San PedroPuerto RealCadiz 11510Spain Nucleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y AgronomiaUniversidad de Las AmericasSantiagoChile Department of Cell biology Physiologyand ImmunologyUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Centro de Investigaciones biologicas del Noroeste SC CIBNORLa PazMexico Department of microbiology Instituto de Biotecnologia Y Desarrollo Azul(IBYDA)Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Malaga29010 MalagaSpain SCbI Bioinformatic UnitUniversity of Malaga29590 MalagaSpain

background The development of a sustainable business model with social acceptance,makes necessary to develop new strategies to guarantee the growth,health,and well-being of farmed animals.Debaryomyces hansenii is a yeast species that can be used as a probiotic in aquaculture due to its capacity to i)promote cell proliferation and differen-tiation,ii)have immunostimulatory effects,iii)modulate gut microbiota,and/or iv)enhance the digestive function.To provide inside into the effects of D.hansenii on juveniles of gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata)condition,we inte-grated the evaluation of the main key performance indicators coupled with the integrative analysis of the intestine condition,through histological and microbiota state,and its transcriptomic profiling.Results After 70 days of a nutritional trial in which a diet with low levels of fishmeal(7%)was supplemented with 1.1%of D.hansenii(17.2×10^(5) CFU),an increase of ca.12%in somatic growth was observed together with an improve-ment in feed conversion in fish fed a yeast-supplemented diet.In terms of intestinal condition,this probiotic modu-lated gut microbiota without affecting the intestine cell organization,whereas an increase in the staining intensity of mucins rich in carboxylated and weakly sulphated glycoconjugates coupled with changes in the affinity for certain lectins were noted in goblet cells.Changes in microbiota were characterized by the reduction in abundance of several groups of Proteobacteria,especially those characterized as opportunistic groups.The microarrays-based transcrip-tomic analysis found 232 differential expressed genes in the anterior-mid intestine of S.aurata,that were mostly related to metabolic,antioxidant,immune,and symbiotic processes.Conclusions Dietary administration of D.hansenii enhanced somatic growth and improved feed efficiency param-eters,results that were coupled to an improvement of intestinal condition as histochemical and transcriptomic tools indicated.This probiotic yeast stimulated host-microbiota interactions with

关键词： Debaryomyces hansenii Intestine condition Low fish meal diet microbiota Transcriptomics Yeast probiotic

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增材制造Ti6Al4V合金的闪速等离子体电解氧化与在生理介质中的电化学行为

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Transactions of Nonferrous metals Society of China 2024年第4期34卷 1150-1166页

作者： H.mORA-SANCHEZ C.RAmOS m.mOHEDANO b.TORRES R.ARRAbAL E.mATYKINA Departamento de Ingeniería Química y de materiales Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040 MadridSpain CIDETEC Basque Research and Technology Alliance(BRTA)Po.Miramón 19620014 Donostia-San SebastiánSpain Departamento matemática Aplicada Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales y Tecnología ElectrónicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosC/Tulipán s/nMóstoles 28933MadridSpain

研究激光粉末床熔融增材制造(Am)(又称直接金属激光烧结)技术制备的Ti6Al4V合金等离子体电解氧化(PEO)处理及其电化学行为。通过短时间(<120 s)PEO处理(也称闪速PEO),在Am合金和传统合金表面制备了3~10μm厚、含Ca和P的涂层。然后在改... 详细信息

研究激光粉末床熔融增材制造(Am)(又称直接金属激光烧结)技术制备的Ti6Al4V合金等离子体电解氧化(PEO)处理及其电化学行为。通过短时间(m合金和传统合金表面制备了3~10μm厚、含Ca和P的涂层。然后在改良的α-mEm溶液中,通过动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)评估了合金的电化学行为。与传统合金相比,Am合金中形成了细小的层片状α显微组织和层间小尺寸的β相颗粒,这促使了火花的产生,从而促进了PEO涂层的生长。闪速PEO涂层提高了传统合金和Am合金的耐腐蚀性,最薄的涂层(m)提供了高达3倍的保护。Am Ti6Al4V由于其高的晶界密度,易受局部缝隙腐蚀的影响。而即使短至35 s的闪速PEO处理也足以成功避免这种情况。

关键词：增材制造激光粉末床熔融等离子体电解氧化闪速PEO 钛缝隙腐蚀 α-mEm

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Effect of drug therapies on self-reported chemosensory outcomes after COVID-19

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 88-96页

作者： marco A.Fornazieri bruno m.Cunha Samuel P.Nicácio Lucas K.Anzolin JoséL.b.da Silva Aristides Fernandes Neto Deusdedit brandão Neto Richard L.Voegels Fábio D.R.Pinna Department of Surgery Londrina State UniversityLondrinaBrazil Department of medicine Pontifical Catholic University of ParanáLondrinaBrazil Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of São PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Otorhinolaryngology:Head and Neck Surgery Perelman School of MedicineSmell and Taste CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the relative efficacy of medications used following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection on self-reported alterations in taste and/or smell function.methods:Seven hundred and fourteen persons with self-reported postcoronavirus disease 2019(post-COVID-19)chemosensory disorders were personally interviewed regarding specific medications they were administered following the acute phase of the disease.The dependent measure—self-reported total recovery of chemosensory symptoms—was subjected to stepwise logistic regression.Independent predictors included demographic and clinical variables,in addition to specific medications used to mitigate disease symptoms(i.e.,systemic corticosteroids,oseltamivir,vitamin C,ibuprofen,hydroxychloroquine,azithromycin,ivermectin,nitazoxanide,anticoagulants,and zinc).Results:The median time between COVID-19 symptom onset and the interviews was 81 days(interquartile range:60-104).Of the 714 subjects,249(34.9%)reported total recovery of their chemosensory function;437(61.2%)had at least one treatment since the beginning of the disease.Women and those with more comorbidities had undergone more treatments.The recovery rates of the treated and nontreated groups did not differ significantly.Nonetheless,respondents who had used nitazoxanide tended to have a higher rate of self-reported taste or smell recovery.Those who took oral zinc were less likely to improve.Conclusions:No medication employed during the first months after SARS-CoV-2 infection had a clear positive effect on returning self-reported smell or taste function to normal,although nitrazoxide trended in a positive direction.Oral zinc had a negative effect on the reported recovery of these senses.

关键词： chemosensory disorder coronavirus infections COVID-19 drug therapy SARS-CoV-2 smell loss taste loss

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Trust-based Intelligent Scheme for mitigating black Hole Attacks in IoT

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第3期31卷 39-50页

作者： Feroz Khan A.b Weslin D Dilli babu m mohammed muzaffar Hussain Department of Computer Science Syed Hameedha Arts and Science CollegeKilakarai 623806Tamil NaduIndia Department of Information Technology Mohamed Sathak AJ College of EngineeringSiruseriChennai 603103India Department of Information Technology Panimalar Engineering CollegeChennai 600123India Department of Information Technology C.Abdul Hakeem College of Engineering and TechnologyMelvisharam 632509India

Internet of Things(IoT)networks are characterized by a multitude of wireless,interconnected devices that can dynamically join or exit the network without centralized administration or fixed infrastructure for routing.While multipath routing in IoT networks can improve data transmission reliability and load balancing by establishing multiple paths between source and destination nodes,these networks are susceptible to security threats due to their wireless nature.Traditional security solutions developed for conventional networks are often ill-suited to the unique challenges posed by IoT environments.In response to these challenges,this paper proposes the integration of the Ad hoc On-demand multipath Distance Vector(AOmDV)routing protocol with a trust model to enhance network performance.Key findings from this research demonstrate the successful fusion of AOmDV with a trust model,resulting in tangible improvements in network performance.The assessment of trustworthiness bolsters both security and routing capabilities in IoT networks.The trust model plays a crucial role in mitigating black hole attacks in IoT networks by evaluating the trustworthiness of nodes and helping in the identification and avoidance of malicious nodes that may act as black holes.Simulation results validate the efficacy of the proposed trust-based routing mechanism in achieving its objectives.Trust plays a pivotal role in decision-making and in the creation of secure distribution systems.by assessing the trustworthiness of nodes,both network security and routing efficiency can be enhanced.The effectiveness of the proposed trust-based routing mechanism is scrutinized through simulations,offering insights into its potential advantages in terms of improved network security and routing performance in the context of the IoT.

关键词： mobile ad-hoc network(mANET) routing Ad hoc On-demand multipath Distance Vector(AOmDV) trust model security

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Additively manufactured Ti–Ta–Cu alloys for the next-generation load-bearing implants

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International Journal of Extreme manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 353-374页

作者： Amit bandyopadhyay Indranath mitra Sushant Ciliveri Jose D Avila William Dernell Stuart b Goodman Susmita bose W.m.Keck biomedical materials Research Laboratory School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America Department of Orthopedic Surgery Stanford University Medical CenterRedwood CityCA 94063United States of America

bacterial colonization of orthopedic implants is one of the leading causes of failure and clinical complexities for load-bearing metallic implants. Topical or systemic administration of antibiotics may not offer the most efficient defense against colonization, especially in the case of secondary infection, leading to surgical removal of implants and in some cases even limbs. In this study, laser powder bed fusion was implemented to fabricate Ti3Al2V alloy by a 1:1 weight mixture of CpTi and Ti6Al4V powders. Ti-Tantalum(Ta)–Copper(Cu) alloys were further analyzed by the addition of Ta and Cu into the Ti3Al2V custom alloy. The biological,mechanical, and tribo-biocorrosion properties of Ti3Al2V alloy were evaluated. A 10 wt.% Ta(10Ta) and 3 wt.% Cu(3Cu) were added to the Ti3Al2V alloy to enhance biocompatibility and impart inherent bacterial resistance. Additively manufactured implants were investigated for resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus strains of bacteria for up to 48 h. A 3 wt.% Cu addition to Ti3Al2V displayed improved antibacterial efficacy, i.e.78%–86% with respect to CpTi. mechanical properties for Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy were evaluated, demonstrating excellent fatigue resistance, exceptional shear strength, and improved tribological and tribo-biocorrosion characteristics when compared to Ti6Al4V. In vivo studies using a rat distal femur model revealed improved early-stage osseointegration for alloys with10 wt.% Ta addition compared to CpTi and Ti6Al4V. The 3 wt.% Cu-added compositions displayed biocompatibility and no adverse infammatory response in vivo. Our results establish the Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy’s synergistic effect on improving both in vivo biocompatibility and microbial resistance for the next generation of load-bearing metallic implants.

关键词： Ti6Al4V load-bearing implants additive manufacturing 3D printing antibacterial performance

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measures of Relative and Absolute Convergence and Pro-poor Growth with an Illustration based on China(2010–2018)

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China & World Economy 2024年第2期32卷 1-41页

作者： Elena bárcena-martin Jacques Silber Yuan Zhang Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales Universidad de MálagaSpain Department of Economics Bar-Ilan UniversityIsrael China Center for Economic Studies Fudan UniversityChina

Income mobility is a key issue for understanding the process of economic growth and distributional change.Some economists have used the concept of“pro-poor growth”to examine,with individual-level panel data,whether the poor benefit more than the rich from economic growth by tracking the extent of income mobility among different population subgroups.There is also literature in macroeconomics on the measurement of convergence.This paper introduces population-weighted relative and absolute indices of mobility,convergence,and pro-poor growth;it also distinguishes between anonymous and nonanonymous approaches to these issues.The empirical analysis is based on Chinese panel data for the period 2010–2018.In both absolute and relative terms,income growth in China was greater for individuals with an initially lower income but only for lower income deciles in relative terms.There was also an overall increase in individual welfare from anonymous and nonanonymous perspectives,which was higher among younger individuals.The welfare of the poor did not increase more than that of the nonpoor.These results shed light on the evolution of income distribution in China during the past decade's rapid economic growth.

关键词： anonymous and nonanonymous approach convergence exchange and structural mobility pro-poor growth

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background removal from global auroral images:Data-driven dayglow modeling

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 247-257页

作者： A.Ohma m.madelaire K.m.Laundal J.P.Reistad S.m.Hatch S.Gasparini S.J.Walker birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniversity of BergenBergenNorway

Global images of auroras obtained by cameras on spacecraft are a key tool for studying the near-Earth environment.However,the cameras are sensitive not only to auroral emissions produced by precipitating particles,but also to dayglow emissions produced by photoelectrons induced by sunlight.Nightglow emissions and scattered sunlight can contribute to the background signal.To fully utilize such images in space science,background contamination must be removed to isolate the auroral signal.Here we outline a data-driven approach to modeling the background intensity in multiple images by formulating linear inverse problems based on b-splines and spherical harmonics.The approach is robust,flexible,and iteratively deselects outliers,such as auroral emissions.The final model is smooth across the terminator and accounts for slow temporal variations and large-scale asymmetries in the dayglow.We demonstrate the model by using the three far ultraviolet cameras on the Imager for magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration(ImAGE)mission.The method can be applied to historical missions and is relevant for upcoming missions,such as the Solar wind magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SmILE)mission.

关键词： aurora dayglow modeling global auroral images far ultraviolet images dayglow removal

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Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Thermal Infrared Stealth in PVTmS@mWCNT Nano‑Aerogel via Abundant Nano‑Sized Cavities and Attenuation Interfaces

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Nano-micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 370-383页

作者： Haoyu ma maryam Fashandi Zeineb ben Rejeb Xin ming Yingjun Liu Pengjian Gong Guangxian Li Chul b.Park College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan University24 Yihuan RoadNanyiduanChengdu 610065SichuanPeople’s Republic of China microcellular Plastics manufacturing Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Toronto5 King’s College RoadTorontoON M5S 3G8Canada Jiangsu JITRI Advanced Polymer materials Research Institute Tengfei Building88 Jiangmiao RoadJiangbei New DistrictNanjing 211800JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China mOE Key Laboratory of macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for X PolymersZhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China

Pre-polymerized vinyl trimethoxy silane(PVTmS)@mWCNT nano-aerogel system was constructed via radical polymerization,sol-gel transition and supercritical CO_(2)drying.The fabricated organic-inorganic hybrid PVTmS@mWCNT aerogel structure shows nano-pore size(30-40 nm),high specific surface area(559 m^(2)g^(−1)),high void fraction(91.7%)and enhanced mechanical property:(1)the nano-pore size is beneficial for efficiently blocking thermal conduction and thermal convection via Knudsen effect(beneficial for infrared(IR)stealth);(2)the heterogeneous interface was beneficial for IR reflection(beneficial for IR stealth)and mWCNT polarization loss(beneficial for electromagnetic wave(EmW)attenuation);(3)the high void fraction was beneficial for enhancing thermal insulation(beneficial for IR stealth)and EmW impedance match(beneficial for EmW attenuation).Guided by the above theoretical design strategy,PVTmS@mWCNT nano-aerogel shows superior EmW absorption property(cover all Ku-band)and thermal IR stealth property(ΔT reached 60.7℃).Followed by a facial combination of the above nano-aerogel with graphene film of high electrical conductivity,an extremely high electromagnetic interference shielding material(66.5 db,2.06 mm thickness)with superior absorption performance of an average absorption-to-reflection(A/R)coefficient ratio of 25.4 and a low reflection bandwidth of 4.1 GHz(A/R ratio more than 10)was experimentally obtained in this work.

关键词： Nano-pore size Heterogeneous interface Electromagnetic wave absorption Thermal infrared stealth Nano-aerogel

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major,trace element and Sr-Nd isotope evidence for a sublithospheric mantle source for the Umkondo large igneous province

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 263-285页

作者： ben Hayes Lewis D.Ashwal Khulekani b.Khumalo Linda m.Iaccheri School of Geosciences University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburg2050South Africa

The mesoproterozoic(1.11 Ga)Umkondo large igneous province(LIP)in southern Africa and Antarctica was emplaced in<5 myr and is dominated by low-Ti tholeiitic doleritic-gabbroic sills.It is of particular interest becaus... 详细信息

The mesoproterozoic(1.11 Ga)Umkondo large igneous province(LIP)in southern Africa and Antarctica was emplaced inmyr and is dominated by low-Ti tholeiitic doleritic-gabbroic sills.It is of particular interest because it is the least studied LIP in southern Africa with both sublithospheric and lithospheric mantle sources proposed and it coincides with the early assembly of Rodinia,so it has importance in understanding the nature of magmatism and tectonics in and around the Kalahari craton during the mesoproterozoic.In this study,we compiled a large database of existing(~750)and new(~100)major and trace element data for the Umkondo province,as well as 42 new Sr-Nd isotopic measurements,to provide constraints on its magma sources and geochemical evolution.major element compositional variations in the low-Ti tholeiites are explained by low-pressure(1 kbar)three-phase fractional crystallisation(olivine,clinopyroxene and plagioclase)of a parent magma with~10 wt.%mgO in oxidising conditions(QFm+1).Inverse models show that the low-Ti tholeiitic magmas were derived as residual melts after the crystallization of 12%-33%olivine from primary komatiitic-basaltic magmas(up to~20 wt.%mgO)in equilibrium with mantle olivine(Fo90).Low Sm/Yb and TiO2/Yb-Nb/Yb indicate that the primary magmas were derived by 2%-20%shallow(40-50 km)partial melting of spinel lherzolite.High Sm/Yb is restricted to dyke swarms and may imply limited magma production from deeper(up to~70 km)garnet lherzolite-like sources.The low-Ti tholeiites of the Umkondo province are enriched in large ion lithophile elements(Rb-Sr-Cs-K)and depleted in high-field strength elements(Zr-Hf-Nb-Ta),indicating the involvement of crustal material and/or the subcontinental lithospheric mantle.This is supported by covariations in Th/Nb,Nb/Yb,Nb/La and Ce/Sm with generally negativeΔNb.Sr-Nd isotopes lend support to the notion that the Umkondo magmas were derived from depleted and/or enriched sublithospheric mantle sources and subsequently contaminated by enriched lithospheric m

关键词： Umkondo large igneous province Low-Ti magma Continental tholeiites Sublithospheric mantle sources Kalahari craton Rodinia

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Analysis of Changes in Quality Indicators during Storage of Raw Pu-erh Tea

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modern Food Science and Technology 2024年第3期40卷 172-181页

作者： Jiao T. Shi m. Luo H. Wang Q. Wang b. Ruan D. Zhou L. Xiong C. College of Tea Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650201 China Tea Research Institute Yunnan Agricultural University College of Tropical Crops) Pu’er 665000 China Yunnan Six Famous Tea mountain Tea Industry Inc Xishuangbanna 650100 China

In this study, 18 raw Pu-erh tea samples with storage times of 3 to 20 years were selected to investigate the changes in quality indicators of raw Pu-erh tea during storage through sensory evaluation and physicochemical composition analysis. The results showed that with increasing storage time, the color of raw Pu-erh tea gradually deepened, while the fresh aroma transformed into an aged fragrance. Simultaneously, the flavor changed from mellow and rich to mellow and neutral, and the color of the leaf bottom turned darker. The sensory quality was seen to improve after storage for 10 years and above, but began to decline after 18 years of storage. The water extract components, caffeine, GC, C, and CG showed irregular changes, while the concentration of gallic acid gradually increased. The contents of free amino acids, EGC, EC, EGCG, GCG, and ECG showed a decreasing trend with increasing storage time. Seventeen quality indicators were standardized and the samples were subjected to correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis that revealed significant correlations among the quality indicators. The tea samples could be divided into five categories by systematic clustering and could be clustered into one category every 3~4 years. In particular, category A had the highest composite score, followed by category D, while category E had the lowest score. Although the quality indicators show a decreasing trend with the increase in number of storage years, they remained stable during 3~4 years of storage. The results provide a basis for an in-depth study on the quality changes of raw Pu-erh tea during storage. © 2024 South China University of Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： cluster analysis correlation analysis physicochemical composition principal component analysis raw Pu-erh tea variation pattern

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