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Very-high-frequency probes for atomic force microscopy with silicon optomechanics

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第2期8卷 35-48页

作者： L.Schwab P.E.Allain N.Mauran X.Dollat L.Mazenq D.Lagrange M.Gély S.Hentz G.Jourdan I.Favero b.legrand Laboratoire d'Analyse et d'Architecture des Systemes Universite de ToulouseCNRS UPR 800131031 ToulouseFrance Laboratoire Materiaux et Phenomenes Quantiques Universite de ParisCNRS UMR 716275013 ParisFrance Universite Grenoble Alpes CEALETIMinatec Campus38000 GrenobleFrance

Atomic force microscopy(AFM)has been consistently supporting nanosciences and nanotechnologies for over 30 years and is used in many fields from condensed matter physics to *** enables the measurement of very weak forces at the nanoscale,thus elucidating the interactions at play in fundamental ***,we leverage the combined benefits of micro/nanoelectromechanical systems and cavity optomechanics to fabricate a sensor for dynamic mode AFM at a frequency above 100 *** frequency is two decades above the fastest commercial AFM probes,suggesting an opportunity for measuring forces at timescales unexplored thus *** fabrication is achieved using very-large-scale integration technologies derived from photonic silicon *** probe's optomechanical ring cavity is coupled to a 1.55 pm laser light and features a 130 MHz mechanical resonance mode with a quality factor of 900 in air.A limit of detection in the displacement of 3×10^(-16)m/VHz is obtained,enabling the detection of the brownian motion of the probe and paving the way for force sensing experiments in the dynamic mode with a working vibration amplitude in the picometer *** inserted in a custom AFM instrument embodiment,this optomechanical sensor demonstrates the capacity to perform force-distance measurements and to maintain a constant interaction strength between the tip and sample,an essential requirement for AFM *** indeed show a stable closed-loop operation with a setpoint of 4 nN/nm for an unprecedented subpicometer vibration amplitude,where the tip-sample interaction is mediated by a stretched water meniscus.

关键词： cavity maintain instrument

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Exciton binding energy and effective mass of CsPbCl3:a magneto-optical study

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Photonics Research 2020年第10期8卷 I0013-I0018页

作者： MICHAL bARANOWSKI PAULINA PLOCHOCKA RUI SU LAURENT legrand THIERRY bARISIEN FREDERICK bERNARDOT QIHURA XIONG CHRISTOPHE TESTELIN MARIA CHAMARRO Department of Experimtental Physics Faculty of Furndamental Problems of TechnologyWroclaw University of Scolonce and TechnologyWroclawPoland Laboratoire National des Champs Magnetiques Intenses UPR 3228CNRS-UGA-UPS-NSAGrenoble and ToulouseFrance Dwision of Physics and Aopled Prysics School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNarnyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore Sorbone Universite CNRS-UMR 7588Institut des NanoSciences de ParisINSPParisFrance

High magnetile field spectroscopy has been performed on lead chloride-based perovskite,a material that attracts significant interest for photovoltaic and photonic applications within the past *** properties being mainly driven by the exciton states,we have mcasured the fundamental parameters,such as the exciton binding energy,effective mass,and dielectric *** the inorganic halide perovskites,CsPbCl3 owns the largest exciton binding energy and effective *** blue emmitting compound has also been compared with lower band gap energy perovskites and other semiconducting phasces,showing comparable band gap dependences for binding energy and bohr radius.

关键词： perovskite energy mass

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两种基于MEMS谐振器的原子力显微镜探针

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电子显微学报 2014年第2期33卷 137-141页

作者：熊壮 Mairiaux E Walter b Faucher M buchaillot L legrand b 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所四川绵阳621900 Institut d’Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie-IEMN CNRS UMR8520NAM6 groupFrance

目前商用原子力显微镜(AFM)大多使用的微悬臂式探针,力灵敏度可达到pN级别。然而受到工艺水平及检测方法限制,微悬臂谐振频率难以超过3.5 MHz,且Q值较低,制约了AFM的成像速度以及在液体中的成像效果。另外,光杠杆的检测方法无法与探针... 详细信息

目前商用原子力显微镜(AFM)大多使用的微悬臂式探针,力灵敏度可达到pN级别。然而受到工艺水平及检测方法限制,微悬臂谐振频率难以超过3.5 MHz,且Q值较低,制约了AFM的成像速度以及在液体中的成像效果。另外,光杠杆的检测方法无法与探针本身进行片上集成,较小的悬臂也给激光束的聚焦带来困难。基于以上考虑,本文提出两种基于MEMS谐振器的探针,振频率可达11 MHz,Q值为4 000,并集成了执行与传感功能以及批量加工纳米针尖的工艺。目前两种探针都已经实现对树脂图案的成像功能,力灵敏度最高可达5pN/√Hz。

关键词：原子力显微镜 MEMS谐振器静电执行与检测热执行压阻检测

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Neutron　Diffraction　Study　on　Structure　of　α－LiIO_3　Single　Crystal　under　DC　Voltage

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 1995年第6期 11-14页

作者： Cheng Yu-Fen Yang Zhen Cheng Zhi-Xu Guo Li-Ping(China Institute of Atomic Energy,beijing 102413)E.legrand(SCK/CEN boeretang 200 b-2400 Mol,belgium)

A detailed investigation of anisotropy of neutron diffraction intensity enhancement observed in α-LiIO-3 single crystal under a DC field was carried out on a Four-Circle Neutron Diffractometer installed at the bRb>2b> reactor in belgium and CIAE *** was found that the intensity increase must be ascribed to small displacements of oxygen and iodine atoms rather than the explanation which is only based on changes in the defect of the crystal structure,since the movement of lithium atom to interstitial sites or holes in the crystal may cause displacement of the other atoms.

关键词： neutron diffraction single crystal structure α-LiIO3

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喀斯特水文学的前景

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世界地质 1985年第2期 87-94页

作者： H.E.legrand 祝风君

喀斯特水文学有多方面都值得深入地和分别地研究。碳酸盐岩石对水文体系之上或其内部天然作用的不同敏感性,导致了环境方面的很大变化,其中很多直接地或间接地与渗透性有关。单一的研究已多样化了,对显著的喀斯特环境及其有关的水文学... 详细信息

喀斯特水文学有多方面都值得深入地和分别地研究。碳酸盐岩石对水文体系之上或其内部天然作用的不同敏感性,导致了环境方面的很大变化,其中很多直接地或间接地与渗透性有关。单一的研究已多样化了,对显著的喀斯特环境及其有关的水文学特征的局部区域描述已是常见的事了。喀斯特过程的研究已经取得了很大进展,但是并没有集中起来从全国和全世界范围内的岩溶环境的研究中得到很好的应用。通常出现在喀斯特地区的实际问题起因于如下几个方面:(1)预报性差,而且水源分布不均匀;(2)没有足够的土壤;(3)缺少常年性河流;(4)地基不稳定;(5)不可靠的废物处理环境。所有这些问题在某种程度上都与喀斯特地区的各种渗透性有关,喀斯特地区的天然水均衡可能已被人类的活动干扰了,故应将它加到环境影响的问题中去。进一步的研究可能会导致:(a)在世界范围内对喀斯特景观进行系统地描述,从而对常见的和似乎异常的特征进行鉴别和分类;(b)对过程进行更广泛地研究,以显示出各种景观的形成过程是如何进行的;(c)把科学知识应用于土地和水管理的方案以及各种喀斯特地区的基本原理之中。对喀斯特地区关注的不断增加是有道理的,而且进一步的研究将使人类能更好地开发和利用这些地区。

关键词：岩石渗透性喀斯特地区自然区潜水面碳酸盐地区岩溶地区

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The use of cognitive mobile games to assess cognitive function of healthy subjects under various inspiratory loads

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Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices 2019年第1期1卷 22-26页

作者： O.Van Hove A.Van Muylem D.Leduc A.legrand b.Jansen V.Feipel S.Van Sint Jan bonnechèreb Chest and Thoracic Surgery Service Erasme HospitalBrusselsBelgium Department of Pneumology Erasme HospitalBrusselsBelgium Laboratory of Cardiorespiratory Physiology UniversitéLibre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium Laboratory of Physiology Mons School of MedicineMonsBelgium Department of Electronics and Informatics-ETRO Vrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium Imec LeuvenBelgium Laboratory of Functional Anatomy UniversitéLibrede BruxellesBrusselsBelgium Laboratory of Anatomy Biomechanics and Organogenesis(LABO)UniversitéLibrede BruxellesBrusselsBelgium

Objective:The aim of this work was to determine if scoring mechanisms embedded in cognitive mobile games(CMG)designed for cognitive training are sensitive enough to detect changes in cognitive function induced by various acute respiratory loads in healthy *** and methods:Thirty healthy subjects participated in this study(25±4 years old,13 women).A set of three brief CMG was used to assess cognitive function(Rush back,Must Sort,True Color)in control situation and at four different inspiratory loads(through a mouthpiece without resistance and with 10,50 and 70%of the maximal inspiratory pressure).Results:Statistically significant decreases in CMG scores were observed in Rush back(p=0.032)and True Color(p=0.002)when the subjects breathed through the mouthpiece without resistance compared to the control condition.A statistical difference was observed for Must Sort(p=0.003)between baseline and 10%of Inspiratory Threshold Load(ITL).Significant differences for the three games were observed between the baseline and 50%of ITL and between baseline and 70%of ***:CMG designed for cognitive training are sensitive in detecting transitional changes in cognitive function induced by low,medium and high acute respiratory loads in healthy *** offers interesting new possibilities for the assessment and long-term follow-up of patients suffering from chronic respiratory disease,since this type of assessment could easily be completed independently by patients in their own homes,and could be combined with rehabilitation exercises as an evaluative measure.

关键词： Cognitive function Assessment Mobile games Acute modification

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重塑供应链的生命周期

重塑供应链的生命周期

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作者： (美)马克·J. 施尼德詹斯(Marc J. Schniederjans)，(美)史蒂芬·b. 罗格朗(Stephen b. legrand)

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Hybrid Composite based on Natural Rubber Reinforced with Short Fibers of the Triumfetta cordifolia/Saccharum officinarum L.: Performance Evaluation

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2022年第5期10卷 385-399页

作者： Abel Emmanuel Njom Armel Mewoli Marie Josette Ndengue Fabien betene Ebanda Augustine Demze Nitidem Sandrine biloa Otiti Yannick Devario Youssi bang legrand Ndoumou belinga Pierre Marcel Anicet Noah Atangana Ateba Department of Mechanical Engineering ENSET University of Douala Douala Cameroon Laboratory of Materials Mechanics Structures and Integrated Manufacturing National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Laboratory of Engineering Civil and Mechanics National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Laboratory of Mechanics University of Douala Douala Cameroon Mechanics and Adapted Materials Laboratory (LAMMA) ENSET Douala Cameroon

This article contributes to the development of the new class of fully biodegradable “green” composites by combining fibers (natural/bio) with biodegradable resin. The vegetable fibers (Triumfetta cordifolia and sugarcane bagasse) treated with NaOH and bleached were incorporated into a natural rubber matrix. The influence of the fiber ratio on the physical properties, tensile strength and surface hardness of the hybrid composites was analyzed. The results show that the addition of fibers in the natural rubber matrix increases the water absorption capacity but gradually reduces it with increasing fiber ratio. The hybrid composites of the NRT50-50b proportions show the best tensile strengths at 20 phr and a shore A hardness of 43.7 at 30 phr. The combination of two fibers has improved the physical and mechanical properties of the hybrid composites which can be used in engineering applications.

关键词： Hybrid Composites Triumfetta cordifolia Fiber Sugarcane bagasse Fiber Natural Rubber Shore a Hardness

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合成FLAIR在急性缺血性脑卒中的诊断中可以替代常规FLAIR序列

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国际医学放射学杂志 2022年第3期 360-360页

作者： J.benzakoun M.A.Deslys L.legrand G.Hmeydia G.Turc W.b.Hassen 孙琳琳

摘要在急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)的诊断中，当发病时间未知时，液体衰减反转恢复(FLAIR)通常用于治疗决策。通过对扩散加权成像(DWI)信息的深度学习，生成合成FLAIR

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Development of Cold-Chain for Postharvest Loss Reduction of Chinese Cabbage(brassica campestris ***)

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2021年第1期11卷 9-22页

作者： Rathana Nai buntong borarin Tong Socheath Jessie LVipham Glenn MYoung Karen legrand Faculty of Agro-Industry Royal University of AgriculturePhnom Penh 12000-12401Cambodia Division of Research and Extension Royal University of AgriculturePhnom Penh 12000-12401Cambodia Mid-Campus Drive North Kansas State UniversityWeber HallManhattanKS 66506-8028United States Department of Food Science and Technology College of Agricultural and Environmental ScienceUniversity of California-Davis595 Hilgard LaneDavisCA 95616United States Science and Mathematics Division Department of BiologySierra College5100 Sierra College BoulevardRocklinCA 95677United States

Cold-chain is a well-known method for reducing postharvest losses and low-cost cooling technology has not previously been tested as part of postharvest handling in *** objective of this study was to measure postharvest loss,quality changes,and safety concerns of Chinese cabbage(brassica campestris ***),during transportation using a cold-chain and compared to current farmers’employing ambient-chain *** quality and safety of Chinese cabbage were further evaluated by using ambient storage and Coolbot-powered cold chamber storage with and without modified atmosphere packaging(MAP).The samples were transported from farm sources in battambang Province to a Phnom Penh specialty wholesale *** loss was evaluated by measuring weight loss and visual quality measurements,in addition to various physiochemical and nutritional quality *** addition,food safety was evaluated by quantifying total coliforms and Enterobacteriaceae,as well as the Salmonella spcies,and Escherichia *** results revealed that the cold-chain avoided postharvest loss,as indicated by produce weight gain of 14%on market arrival due to rehydration while inside the ice box during *** contrast,the traditional practice of ambient transport(28-31°C,62-78%relative humidity)resulted in very high postharvest loss,comprising 11%weight loss and 10%visual quality loss,for a total loss of 21%.Moreover,leaf yellowing found no marked influence on shelf life as L*,a*and b*values did not greatly differ with *** total soluble solids(TSS),titratable acidity(TA),pH and vitamin C content were not significantly affected during *** safety indicators(coliforms,Enterobacteriaceae,Salmonella and Escherichia coli)were lower in cold-chain storage than ambient-chain with lower counts of coliform bacteria,Enterobacteriaceae,and Salmonella *** traditionally handled *** coli was detected only in cold-chain *** had no effec

关键词： Chinese cabbage postharvest practices postharvest loss Coolbot storage ice box packaging MAP food safety

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