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Household Poverty Dimensions Influencing Forest Dependence at Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda: An Application of the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

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Natural Resources 2014年第16期5卷 1031-1047页

作者： ian E. Munanura Kenneth F. backman DeWayne D. Moore Jeffrey C. Hallo Robert b. Powell Department of Parks Recreation and Tourism Management Clemson University Clemson SC USA Department of Psychology Clemson University Clemson SC USA

This paper explores the perceived relationship between household poverty and forest dependence among the poorest residents neighboring Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda. Using the sustainable livelihoods framework, this paper examines the influence of household poverty on forest dependence. The findings reveal that food and health security risks are primary drivers of forest dependence. Education security risks however, were found to have an indirect influence. both food and health security risks were found to have equal influence on forest dependence. The economic security risks traditionally believed to significantly influence forest dependence were not found to have a direct influence.

关键词： Household Poverty Sustainable Livelihoods Forest Dependence

Jasmonate signaling makes flowers attractive to pollinators and repellant to florivores in nature

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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2018年第3期60卷 190-194页

作者： ran li meredith c.schuman yang wang lucas cortes llorca julia bing anne bennion rayko halitschke ian t.baldwin department of molecular ecology max planck institute for chemical ecologyHans-Knoll-StraBe 8D-07745 JenaGermany department of microbiology and molecular biology brigham young university4007BLSBProvoUT 84602USA

Flowers are required for the Darwinian fitness of flowering plants, but flowers＇ advertisements for pollination services can attract florivores. Previous glasshouse work with Nicotiana attenuata revealed the role of jasmonate （JA） signaling in flower development, advertisement and defense. However, whether JA signaling mediates flowers＇ filtering of floral visitors in nature remained unknown. This field study revealed that silencing JA signaling resulted in flowers that produce less nectar and benzyl acetone, two pollinatorattractive traits. Meanwhile, flowers of defenseless plants were highly attacked by a suite of native herbivores, and damage to buds in native plants correlated negatively with their JA-lle levels.

关键词： EV JA Figure Jasmonate signaling makes flowers attractive to pollinators and repellant to florivores in nature

Palaeobiogeographical constraints on the distribution of foraminifers and rugose corals in the Carboniferous Tindouf basin,South Morocco

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2013年第1期2卷 1-18页

作者： ian D.Somerville Pedro Cózar Ismail Said Daniel Vachard Paula Medina-Varea Sergio Rodríguez UCD School of Geological Sciences University College DublinBelfield Dpto.de Geología Sedimentariay Cambio Ambiental Instituto de Geociencias (CSICUCM)c/José Antonio Novais28040-Madrid Spain Dpto.de Paleontología Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas Universidad Complutense de Madridc/José Antonio Novais 228040-MadridSpain Université de Lille 1 UMR 8217 du CNRS:GéosystèmesBatiment SN 559655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France Dpto.de Geología Sedimentariay Cambio Ambiental Instituto de Geociencias (CSICUCM)c/José Antonio Novais28040-MadridSpain Dpto.de Paleontología Facultad de Ciencias GeológicasUniversidad Complutense de Madridc/José Antonio Novais 228040-MadridSpain

The northern flank of the Tindouf Syncline in southern Morocco exhibits a continuous, well exposed Carboniferous succession with limestones of Late Asbian to Early bashkirian age containing rich and diverse foraminiferal and rugose coral assemblages. Analysis of these assemblages provides new data on the relatively poorly known Saharan basins. The palaeobiogeographical relationship of the Tindouf basin with other Palaeotethyan basins is complex. Although there is a predominance of cosmopolitan taxa for the Palaeotethys, it is recognized that there was an influence of basins from NW Europe, such as the UK and Ireland. Some taxa are recorded in both NW Europe and Tindouf without any characteristic contributions from intermediate basins in northern Morocco. The neighbouring béchar basin in Algeria presents distinct assemblages. The bulk of the data analyzed suggest that this sector of the western Palaeotethys can be subdivided into four palaeobiogeographical subprovinces: the Atlantic Subprovince (UK, Ireland, N France and belgium), the Mediterranean Subprovince (Pyrenees, Montagne Noire, betic Cordillera, Rif (N Morocco) and balearic Islands), and the Saharan Subprovince (béchar, Reggan, Ahnet-Mouydir and Tindouf). In between, mobile belts of mixed faunal assemblage characteristics are observed (e.g., SW Spain and Central Meseta) forming the West peri-Gondwanan *** of the Tindouf basin faunas shows that, as in other Saharan basins, there is a high diversity and abundance of foraminiferal taxa, with a higher proportion of survivors and longer stratigraphic ranges; these features also are mirrored by rugose corals. This emphasizes the longevity of the carbonate platform in a tropical setting, where periodic transgressions introduced new assemblages, and oceanic currents are interpreted as one of the main controlling factors for the distribution of the taxa in these subprovinces. Moreover, not only were water temperatures on the platform higher, but also

关键词： Carboniferous palaeobiogeography new subprovinces foraminifers rugose corals Tindouf basin North Africa

Phytoaccumulation of Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead by brassica juncea Parents and Their F1 Hybrids

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第5期7卷 613-622页

作者： Moupia Rahman Nazmul Haq ian D. Williams Environment Division School of Civil Engineering and the Environment University of Southampton Southampton UK

Although brassica juncea (Indian mustard) is reported to be a good accumulator of metals, little is known of the selected varieties of b. juncea (cvs. Rai and bARI-11). This paper investigates the phytoaccumulation of arsenic, cadmium and lead by b. juncea (cvs. Rai and bARI-11) parents and F1 hybrids. The experiment was conducted in the hydroponic media in the greenhouse of University of Southampton under a Randomised block Design. Sodium arsenite, cadmium sulphate and lead nitrate with 0 ppm, 0.5 ppm and 1 ppm were used. The cadmium treated plants were analysed by Varian Atomic absorption spectrophotometer-200. The samples of arsenic and lead were analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer. The results suggest that arsenic was detected only in the root systems while cadmium and lead were detected both in the root and shoot systems. Significant differences in the uptake were observed for different concentrations. Accumulation of arsenic was detected only in the root systems of b. juncea (cvs. Rai and bARI-11) at lower concentrations. Hence, this can be used as an agriculturally viable and efficient phytoaccumulator in the arsenic affected areas where contamination level is low and the contamination occurs at the rooting level.

关键词： bioremediation Phytoaccumulation Heavy Metal Arsenic Cadmium Lead b. juncea (cvs. Rai and bARI-11)

沉积环境中层状硫化物矿床的成因——着重讨论细菌作用的重要性

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地球与环境 1975年第4期 8-12页

作者： ian b.Lanbert ,倪集众

世界上相当数量的铜、铅、锌资源产于沉积岩中的大型层状硫化物矿床中。最近,许多地质工作者用细菌作用来解释这些矿床在沉积作用中的生成过程。由细菌作用生成的层状矿床特征:整合的,在平面上延伸远,含多层 Fe-Pb-Zn-Cu 硫化物层。多... 详细信息

世界上相当数量的铜、铅、锌资源产于沉积岩中的大型层状硫化物矿床中。最近,许多地质工作者用细菌作用来解释这些矿床在沉积作用中的生成过程。由细菌作用生成的层状矿床特征:整合的,在平面上延伸远,含多层 Fe-Pb-Zn-Cu 硫化物层。多数金属硫化物层是单矿物层,即只由一种矿物构成。硫化物的薄层之间夹有沉积物的叶理——含普通碳质的白云质页岩或粉砂岩,常常富含钾。还常常见到硫化物的细脉或其它交代结构穿切层理面。澳大利亚许多重要的矿床属于这一类型,代表性的有下列矿床:

关键词：硫化物矿床细菌硫酸硫化合物矿床形成金属硫化物泻湖海积地貌堆积速度白云石化碳酸盐化作用后成作用母岩沉淀物矿物学温泉水层状

Hydrotalcite-wrapped Co–b alloy with enhanced oxygen evolution activity

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2017年第6期38卷 1021-1027页

作者： Xue Leng Kuang‐Hsu Wu bing‐Jian Su Ling‐Yun Jang ian R. Gentle Da‐Wei Wang School of Chemistry and Molecular biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Research Division National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu 300 Taiwan China

Water oxidation is one of the most attractive techniques for intermittent renewable energy conversion and *** oxygen evolution electrocatalytic performance of an amorphous Co-b alloy and its derivatives were *** materials were chemically synthesized by reducing a Co salt with *** amorphous Co-b alloy showed good electrocatalytic activity in oxygen evolution but its stability was poor.A hydrotalcite‐wrapped Co-b alloy was synthesized by mild *** electrocatalytic activity of this material in the oxygen evolution reaction was better than that of a commercially available Ir/C catalyst.

关键词： Amorphous alloy Oxygen evolution reaction Electrocatalyst

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus persistence in Vero cells

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Chinese Medical Journal 2005年第6期118卷 451-459页

作者： Gustavo Palacios Omar Jabado Neil Renwick Thomas briese W.ian Lipkin Greene Infectious Disease Laboratory Mailman School of Public Health and Department of EpidemiologyColumbia UniversityUSA

background Several coronaviruses establish persistent infections in vitro and in vivo,however it is unknown whether persistence is a feature of the severe acute respiratory syndorme coronavirus(SARS-CoV)life *** study was conducted to investigate viral *** We inoculated confluent monolayers of Vero cells with SARS-CoV at a multiplicity of infection of 0.1 TCID_(50)and passaged the remaining cells every 4 to 8 days for a total of 11 *** was titrated at each passage by limited dilution assay and nucleocapsid antigen was detected by Western blot and immunofluoresence *** presence of viral particles in passage 11 cells was assessed by electron *** in viral genomic sequences during persistent infection were examined by DNA sequencing.[KH*2/5D]Results Cytopathic effect was extensive after initial inoculation but diminished with serial *** virus was detected after each passage and viral growth curves were identical for parental virus stock and virus obtained from passage 11 *** antigen was detected in the majority of cells after initial inoculation but in only 10%-40%of cells at passages *** microscopy confirmed the presence of viral particles in passage 11 *** analysis at passage 11 revealed fixed mutations in the spike(S)gene and ORFs 7a-8b but not in the nucleocapsid(N)gene.[KH*2/5D]Conclusions SARS-CoV can establish a persistent infection in *** mechanism for viral persistence is consistent with the formation of a carrier culture whereby a limited number of cells are infected with each round of virus replication and *** is associated with selected mutations in the SARS-CoV *** model may provide insight into SARS-related lung pathology and mechanisms by which humans and animals can serve as reservoirs for infection.

关键词： severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection microbiological techniques

Shared and discrete interacting partners of ELL1 and ELL2 by yeast two-hybrid assay

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Advances in bioscience and biotechnology 2013年第7期4卷 774-780页

作者： Fortuna Arumemi ian bayles Joshua Paul Christine Milcarek Department of Immunology School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA

ELL2 (eleven-nineteen lysine-rich leukemia transcription elongation factor), a component of a larger complex with pTEFb (cyclin T and CDK9) and AF4, is up-regulated in plasma cells where it influences mRNA processing by increasing exon skipping and enhancing proximal poly (A) site use. ELL2 is needed to produce the secretory-specific Ig heavy chain mRNA while ELL1 mRNA does not change in abundance with b cell stages. To investigate the potential interactions of other proteins with the ELL1 and ELL2 proteins, we preformed yeast two-hybrid studies. HSP40 and Testin were found to bind to ELL2 in its amino-terminal half. PCNA binds to ELL2 in a region encompassing amino acids 186 - 344. The potent transcription factors HIF1 α and ZNF622 interact with both ELL1 and 2 in the central, proline rich region. Meanwhile, bbS2 and ING3 interact with ELL1 but not ELL2 in this central proline-rich region. Many of the ELL-interacting-proteins uncovered in the two-hybrid screen are tumour suppressors that may work through the ELL: pTEFb complex to suppress or activate sets of genes in plasma cells.

关键词： Transcription Elongation Immunoglobulin Synthesis Yeast Two-Hybrid System

A brassica carinata pan-genome platform for brassica crop improvement

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 20-23页

作者： Yan Niu Qingqing Liu Zhesi He Rosy Raman Hao Wang Xinxin Long Han Qin Harsh Raman Isobel A.P.Parkin ian bancroft Jun Zou National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina Department of biology University of YorkHeslingtonYork YO105DDUK NSW Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNSW 2650Australia Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Saskatoon Research and Development CentreSaskatoonSKCanada

Dear Editor,brassica carinata(bc bc Cc Cc),an important agricultural crop cultivated for the edible oil,leafy vegetable,high-value protein stockfeed,and biofuel markets,contains favorable genetic variation that can be exploited to develop climate-resilient and wateruse-efficient brassica crops(Seepaul et al.,2021).Although several quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for flowering time,seed quality traits,and pod shatter resistance(PSR)have been identified based on high-density genetic linkage maps(Zou et al.,2014;Raman et al.,2017;Zhang et al.,2017),this information alone is insufficient for practical genetic improvement and breeding applications.

关键词： breeding crops cultivated