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High temperature slows down growth in tobacco hornworms （Manduca sexta larvae） under food restriction

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Insect Science 2015年第3期22卷 424-430页

作者： Matthew b. Hayes Lihong Jiao Tsu-hsuan Tsao ian King Michael Jennings Chen Hou Department of biological Science Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO 65409 USA Department of biological Science National Taiwan Normal University TaipeL Taiwan 11677 China

When fed ad libitum （AL）, ectothermic animals usually grow faster and have higher metabolic rate at higher ambient temperature. However, if food supply is limited, there is an energy tradeoff between growth and metabolism. Here we hypothesize that for ectothermic animals under food restriction （FR）, high temperature will lead to a high metabolic rate, but growth will slow down to compensate for the high metabolism. We measure the rates of growth and metabolism of 4 cohorts of5th instar hornworms （Manduca sexta larvae） reared at 2 levels of food supply （AL and FR） and 2 temperatures （20 and 30 ℃）. Our results show that, compared to the cohorts reared at 20 ℃, the ones reared at 30 ℃ have high metabolic rates under both AL and FR conditions, but a high growth rate under AL and a low growth rate under FR, supporting this hypothesis.

关键词： energy budget food restriction growth hornworm metabolism tradeoff

A comparative study on microstructure,nanomechanical and corrosion behaviors of AlCoCuFeNi high entropy alloys fabricated by selective laser melting and laser metal deposition

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第36期131卷 221-230页

作者： Yaojia Ren Hong Wu bin Liu Yong Liu Sheng Guo ZbJiao ian baker State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Industrial and Materials Science Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg SE-41296Sweden Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China Thayer School of Engineering Dartmouth CollegeHanover NH 03755-8000United States

The present study investigated the microstructure,nanomechanics,and corrosion behavior of AlCoCuFeNi high entropy alloys fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM)and laser metal deposition(LMD).The microstructure of SLM-processed specimens was mainly composed of columnar-grained bCC matrix(^90μm in width)and Cu-rich twinned FCC *** columnar grains grew epitaxially along the building direction and exhibited a strong{001}*** comparison,a coarse columnar-grained bCC matrix(^150μm in width)with a strongertexture,rod-like b2 precipitates,and large core-shell structured FCC phases were formed in the LMD-processed specimens due to the higher heat accumulation ***,the LMD-processed specimens showed a lower hardness,wear resistance,and corrosion resistance,but higher creep resistance and reduced Young's modulus than the SLM-processed *** cracks occurred in both types of specimens,which could not be completely suppressed due to Cu segregation.

关键词： Selective laser melting Laser metal deposition High entropy alloys Nanomechanics Corrosion

Validity of a noninvasive estimation of deep body temperature when wearing personal protective equipment during exercise and recovery

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Military Medical Research 2019年第4期6卷 328-339页

作者： Andrew P.Hunt Mark J.buller Matthew J.Maley Joseph T.Costello ian b.Stewart School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences&Institute of Health and biomedical Innovation Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine NatickMAUSA Extreme Environments Laboratory Department of Sport and Exercise ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK

background:Deep body temperature is a critical indicator of heat ***,direct measures are often invasive,costly,and difficult to implement in the *** study assessed the agreement between deep body temperature estimated from heart rate and that measured directly during repeated work bouts while wearing explosive ordnance disposal(EOD)protective clothing and during ***:Eight males completed three work and recovery periods across two separate *** consisted of treadmill walking on a 1%incline at 2.5,4.0,or 5.5 km/h,in a random order,wearing EOD protective *** temperature and relative humidity were maintained at 24℃and 50%[Wet bulb globe temperature(WbGT)(20.9±1.2)℃]or 32℃and 60%[WbGT(29.0±0.2)℃]on the separate days,*** rate and gastrointestinal temperature(TGI)were monitored continuously,and deep body temperature was also estimated from heart rate(ECTemp).Results:The overall systematic bias between TGI and ECTemp was 0.01℃with 95%limits of agreement(Lo A)of±0.64℃and a root mean square error of 0.32℃.The average error statistics among participants showed no significant differences in error between the exercise and recovery periods or the environmental *** TGI levels of(37.0–37.5)℃,(37.5–38.0)℃,(38.0–38.5)℃,and>38.5℃,the systematic bias and±95%Lo A were(0.08±0.58)℃,(–0.02±0.69)℃,(–0.07±0.63)℃,and(–0.32±0.56)℃,***:The findings demonstrate acceptable validity of the ECTemp up to 38.5℃.Conducting work within an ECTemp limit of 38.4℃,in conditions similar to the present study,would protect the majority of personnel from an excessive elevation in deep body temperature(>39.0℃).

关键词： Protective clothing body core temperature Heat strain Heat stress Kalman filter Explosive ordnance disposal

Review of screening for pancreatic cancer in high risk individuals

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第19期17卷 2365-2371页

作者： Alina Stoita ian D Penman David b Williams Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent's Hospital 390 Victoria StreetDarlinghurst2010NSWAustralia Centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh51 Little France CrescentEdinburghEH16 4SAUnited Kingdom

Pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose at an early stage and is associated with a very poor *** percent of pancreatic cancers result from genetic susceptibility and/or familial *** from families with multiple affected first-degree relatives and those with a known cancer-causing genetic mutation have been shown to be at much higher risk of developing pancreatic *** efforts have focused on detecting disease at an earlier stage to improve survival in these high-risk *** article reviews high-risk groups,screening methods,and current screening programs and their results.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Familial cancer Cancer screening Risk factors Endoscopic ultrasound Hereditary cancer

Development and Extension of An Aggregated Scale Model:Part 2-Extensions to ASMITA

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China Ocean Engineering 2016年第5期30卷 651-670页

作者： ian TOWNEND Zheng bing WANG Marcel STIVE Zeng ZHOU University of Southampton Southampton S0171B JUK TU Delft Delft 2600 AAThe Netherlands Deltares Delft 2600 MHThe Netherlands Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coast Ocean Resources Development and Environment Security Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

Whilst much attention has been given to models that describe wave, tide and sediment transport processes in sufficient detail to determine the local changes in bed level over a relatively detailed representation of the bathymetry, far less attention has been given to models that consider the problem at a much larger scale （e.g. that of geomorphological elements such as a tidal flat and tidal channel）. Such aggregated or lumped models tend not to represent the processes in detail but rather capture the behaviour at the scale of interest. One such model developed using the concept of an equilibrium concentration is the Aggregated Scale Morphological Interaction between Tidal basin and Adjacent coast （ASMITA）. In a companion paper （Part 1）, we detail the original model and provide some new insights into the concepts of equilibrium, and horizontal and vertical exchange that are key components of this modelling approach. In this paper, we summarise a range of developments that have been undertaken to extend the original model concept, to illustrate the flexibility and power of the conceptual framework. However, adding detail progressively moves the model in the direction of the more detailed process-based models and we give some consideration to the boundary between the two.

关键词： estuary tidal inlet morphology tides waves sediment transport

ZEITLUPE is required for shade avoidance in the wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata^FA

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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2020年第9期62卷 1341-1351页

作者： Yong Zou Ran Li ian T.baldwin Department of Molecular Ecology Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical EcologyJena 07745Germany Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

being shaded is a common environmental stress for plants, especial y for densely planted crops. Shade de-creases red: far-red (R:FR) ratios that inactivate phyto-chrome b (PHYb) and subsequently release phytochrome interaction factors (PIFs). Shaded plants display elongated hypocotyls, internodes, and petioles, hyponastic leaves, early flowering and are inhibited in branching: traits col ectively cal ed the shade avoidance syndrome (SAS). ZEITLUPE (ZTL) is a circadian clock component and blue light photoreceptor, which is also involved in floral rhythms and plant defense in Nicotiana attenuata. ztl mutants are hypersensitive to red light and ZTL physical y interacts with PHYb, suggesting the involvement of ZTL in R:FR light signaling. Here, we show that N. attenuata ZTL-silenced plants display a phenotype op-posite to that of the SAS under normal light. After simulated shade, the normal y induced transcript levels of the SAS mar-ker gene, ATHb2 are attenuated in ZTL-silenced plants. The auxin signaling pathway, known to be involved in SAS, was also significantly attenuated. Furthermore, NaZTL directly in-teracts with NaPHYbs, and regulates the transcript levels of PHYbs, PIF3a, PIF7 and PIF8 under shade. Our results suggest that ZTL may regulate PHYb- and the auxin-mediated sig-naling pathway, which functions in the SAS of N. attenuata.

关键词： traits planted branching

Development and Extension of An Aggregated Scale Model: Part 1–background to ASMITA

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China Ocean Engineering 2016年第4期30卷 483-504页

作者： ian TOWNEND Zheng bing WANG Marcel STIVE Zeng ZHOU University of Southampton Southampton S0171B JUK TU Delfl Delft 2600.44The Netherlands Deltares Delft 2600 MHThe Netherlands Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coast Ocean Resources Development and Environment Security Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

Whilst much attention has been given to models that describe wave, tide and sediment transport processes in sufficient detail to determine the local changes in bed level over a relatively detailed representation of the bathymetry, far less attention has been given to models that consider the problem at a much larger scale （e.g. that of geomorphological elements such as a tidal fiat and tidal channel）. Such aggregated or lumped models tend not to represent the processes in detail but rather capture the behaviour at the scale of interest. One such model developed using the concept of an equilibrium concentration is the Aggregated Scale Morphological Interaction between Tidal basin and Adjacent coast （ASMITA）. In this paper we provide some new insights into the concepts of equilibrium, and horizontal and vertical exchange that are key components of this modelling approach. In a companion paper, we summarise a range of developments that have been undertaken to extend the original model concept, to illustrate the flexibility and power of the conceptual framework. However, adding detail progressively moves the model in the direction of the more detailed process-based models and we give some consideration to the boundary between the two.

关键词： estuary tidal inlet morphology tides waves sediment transport

Nitric oxide regulation of plant metabolism

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Molecular Plant 2022年第2期15卷 228-242页

作者： Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta Vemula Chandra Kaladhar Teresa b.Fitzpatrick Alisdair R.Fernie ian Max Møller Gary J.Loake National Institute of Plant Genome Research Aruna Asaf Ali MargNew DelhiDelhi 110067 India Vitamins and Environmental Stress Responses in Plants Department of Botany and Plant BiologyUniversity of GenevaGeneva 1211 Switzerland Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Mühlenberg 1Potsdam-Golm 14476 Germany Department of Molecular biology and Genetics Aarhus UniversityForsøgsvej 14200 SlagelseDenmark Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93BFUK

Nitric oxide(NO)has emerged as an important signal molecule in plants,having myriad roles in plant *** addition,NO also orchestrates both biotic and abiotic stress responses,during which intensive cellular metabolic reprogramming *** to these responses is the location of NO biosynthetic and scavenging pathways in diverse cellular compartments,enabling plants to effectively organize signal transduction *** regulates plant metabolism and,in turn,metabolic pathways reciprocally regu-late NO accumulation and ***,these diverse cellular processes are inextricably *** re-view addresses the numerous redox pathways,located in the various subcellular compartments that pro-duce NO,in addition to the mechanisms underpinning NO *** focus on how this molecular dance is integrated into the metabolic state of the *** this context,a reciprocal relationship be-tween NO accumulation and metabolite production is often *** also showcase cellular pathways,including those associated with nitrate reduction,that provide evidence for this integration of NO function and ***,we discuss the potential importance of the biochemical reactions governing NO levels in determining plant responses to a changing environment.

关键词： hypoxi amitochondria metabolism nitric oxide S-nitrosylation pyridoxine reactive nitrogen species reactive oxygen species

The commutant and similarity invariant of analytic Toeplitz operators on bergman space

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Science China Mathematics 2007年第5期50卷 651-664页

作者： Chun-ian JianG Yu-cheng Li Department of Mathematics Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050016China

The famous von Neumann-Wold Theorem tells us that each analytic Toeplitz operator with n + 1-blaschke factors is unitary to n + 1 copies of the unilateral shift on the Hardy space. It is obvious that the von Neumann-Wold Theorem does not hold in the bergman space. In this paper, using the basis constructed by Michael and Zhu on the bergman space we prove that each analytic Toeplitz operator M b(z) is similar to n + 1 copies of the bergman shift if and only if b(z) is an n + 1-blaschke product. From the above theorem, we characterize the similarity invariant of some analytic Toeplitz operators by using K 0-group term.

关键词： bergman space analytic Toeplitz operators invariant subspace commutant similarity invariant K 0-group 32A36 46J40 47A15