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synthesis and characterization of organomodified Na-MMT using cation and anion surfactants

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Frontiers of Chemistry in China 2011年第2期6卷 153-158页

作者： K.R.Vishnu MAHEsH H.N.Narasimha MURTHY b.E.KUMARAsWAMY N.RAGHAVENDRA R.sRIDHAR M.KRIsHNA Niranjan PATTAR Ratna PAL b.s.sherigara Department of P.G studies and Research in Industrial Chemistry Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghattaShimoga 577451India Department of Mechanical Engineering R V College of EngineeringBangalore 560059India

The sodium Montmorillonite(Na-MMT)is not susceptible to polymer due to its organophilic character and low basal *** primary objective of this study was to improve Na-MMT platelets separation by organically modifying it with cation and anion exchanges using Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAb)and sodium dodecyl sulfate(sDs)*** spacing,presence of functional groups,Zetapotential with particle size analysis and thermal stability of the Organomodified Na-MMT(OMMT)were characterized using XRD,FTIR,zeta-potential analyzer and TGA *** basal spacing of CTAb modified OMMTincreased to 19.5Åfrom 11.0Åwhich corresponds to the basal spacing of *** sDs modified OMMT did not show any increase in the basal *** spectra of CTAb modified Na-MMT illustrated the attachment of CTAb functional groups to Na-MMT,while the same was absent in the case of sDs modified *** zeta-potential of Na-MMT shifted from–24.88 mV to 15.66 mV in the case of CTAb modified Na-MMTand 12.49 mV for sDs modified Na-MMT,indicating a greater surface potential of the modified *** TGA showed greater weight loss for CTAb modified Na-MMT than that for Na-MMT,indicating the effective Na+ion exchange with alkyl amines.

关键词： Na-MMT CTAb sDs XRD FTIR zetapotential

Mechanical, thermal and fire nanoclay/vinylester retardation behaviours of nanocomposites

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Frontiers of Materials science 2011年第4期5卷 401-411页

作者： K. R. VIsHNU MAHEsH H. N. NARAsIMHA MURTHY b. E. KUMARA sWAMY s. C. sHARMA R. sRIDHAR Niranjan PATTAR M. KRIsHNA b. s. sherigara Department of P. G. studies and Research in Industrial Chemistry Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta Shimoga 577451 Karnataka India Department of Mechanical Engineering R. V. College of Engineering Bangalore 560059 Karnataka India Tumkur University Tumkur 572103 Karnataka India

The dispersion of montmorillonite （MMT） in vinylester for preparing nanoclay/vinylester gel coat was reported. Two sets of MMT/vinylester specimens, namely Type I and Type 2, were prepared for comparative studies. Type I specimens were prepared using ultrasonication only, and Type 2 specimens were prepared using both ultrasonication and twin-screw extrusion. According to XRD and TEM results, Type 2 specimens showed lower levels of nanoclay agglomeration and higher levels o! exfoliation. DsC results showed that the glass transition temperatures of Type 2 specimens are higher than those of Type 1 specimens. TGA results showed that the residual weight of 4 wt.% MMT/vinylester of Type 1 was 7.38%, while the corresponding value of Type 2 was 13,5%, indicating lower thermal degradation in the latter. MMTt vinylester/glass and MMT/vinylester/carbon specimens were fabricated and tested for mechanical and fire retardation behaviours. Type 2 based nanocomposite laminates showed greater values of ultimate tensile strength, flexural strength, interlaminar shear strength, impact strength, horizontal burning rate, and vertical burning rate than Type 1 based laminates. sEM images of tensile fractured surfaces revealed that Type 2 based laminates have no or less agglomeration of nanoclay than Type 1 based laminates.

关键词： twin-screw extrusion montmorillonite nanoclay nanocomposite vinylester

Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato socodato João b.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3s)and Institute for Molecular and Cell biology(IbMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNs)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNs’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

Determination of Dopamine in Presence of Uric Acid at Poly (Eriochrome black t) Film Modified Graphite Pencil Electrode

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2011年第2期2卷 262-269页

作者： Umesh Chandra b. E. Kumara swamy Ongera Gilbert sathish Reddy b. s. sherigara 不详

A simple commercial graphite pencil electrode was used to investigate the electrochemical oxidation of dopamine. The electropolymerised film of eriochrome black t was prepared on the surface of graphite pencil electrode by using cyclic voltammetry technique. The prepared electrode exhibits an excellent electrocatalytical activity towards the determination of dopamine. The effects of concentration, pH and scan rate were investigated. simultaneous detection of dopamine and uric acid was investigated by using both cyclic voltammetric and differential pulse voltammetry technique. The modified electrode was also used for the detection of dopamine in injection.

关键词： Poly (Eriochrome black T) Graphite Pencil Electrode Dopamine Uric Acid Cyclic Voltammetry Differential Pulse Voltammetry

brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs Víctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-borràs Marta balanyà-segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal Marta Tomàs Carolina silvera-simón Manel M.santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase b receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated Trkb/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorb

Nonsmooth semi-Infinite Minmax Programming Involving Generalized(Φ, ρ)-Invexity

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Journal of systems science & Complexity 2015年第4期28卷 857-875页

作者： UPADHYAY b b MIsHRA s K Department of basic sciences & Humanities National Institute of Technology

This paper introduces some new generalizations of the concept of （~, p）-invexity for non- differentiable locally Lipschitz functions using the tools of Clarke subdifferential. These functions are used to derive the necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for a class of nonsmooth semi-infinite minmax programming problems, where set of restrictions are indexed in a compact set. Utilizing the sufficient optimality conditions, the authors formulate three types of dual models and establish weak and strong duality results. The results of the paper extend and unify naturally some earlier results from the literature.

关键词： Duality, generalized invexity locally Lipschitz functions, minmax programming, semi-infinite programming.

Piling up multidecker pyrgos[n]cages as antibacterial materials

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science China Materials 2025年第01期 314-316页

作者： Miguel A.Liuzzi-Vaamonde Jackson b.Lancaster samantha A.Mason Yuanning Feng Department of Chemistry and biochemistry The University of Oklahoma

The development of antibiotics is regarded as one of the most significant scientific advances in modern medicine. before the commercialization of antibiotics, infectious diseases were catastrophic throughout history [1]. Penicillin was used to treat serious infections in the 1940s, but unfortunately, with the introduction of antibiotics came the emergence of antibiotic resistance [2,3]. Evolved and adapted methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRsA) strains are presently impacting community and healthcare systems across the globe [4].

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A comprehensive approach to an equation of state for hard spheres and Lennard Jones fluids

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Chinese Physics b 2011年第8期20卷 271-278页

作者： s.b.Khasare 90 New Jagruti Colony Katol Road NagpurIndia

We present a simple method of obtaining various equations of state for hard sphere fluid in a simple unifying way. We will guess equations of state by using suitable axiomatic functional forms （n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5） for surface tension sn （r）, r≥ d/2 with intermolecular separation r as a variable, where m is an arbitrary real number （pole）. Among the equations of state obtained in this way are Percus-Yevick, scaled particle theory and Carnahan-starling equations of state. In addition, we have found a simple equation of state for the hard sphere fluid in the region that represents the simulation data accurately. It is found that for both hard sphere fluids as well as Lennard-Jones fluids, with m = 3/4 the derived equation of state （EOs） gives results which are in good agreement with computer simulation results. Furthermore, this equation of state gives the Percus-Yevick （pressure） EOs for the m = 0, the Carnahan-starling EOs for rn = 4/5, while for the value of m = 1 it corresponds to a scaled particle theory EOs.

关键词： equation of state Lennard-Jones potential hard-sphere potential computer algebra,computer simulation

Thermodynamic study of fluid in terms of equation of state containing physical parameters

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Chinese Physics b 2015年第1期24卷 382-387页

作者： s.b.Khasare Department of Physics science College Congress Nagar Nagpur Maharashtra State India

We introduce a simple condition for one mole fluid by considering the thermodynamics of molecules pointing towards the effective potential for the cluster. Efforts are made to estimate new physical parameter f in liquid state using the equation of state containing only two physical parameters such as the hard sphere diameter and binding energy. The temperature dependence of the structural properties and the thermodynamic behavior of the clusters are studied. Computations based on f predict the variation of numbers of particles at the contact point of the molecular cavity（radial distribution function）.From the thermodynamic profile of the fluid, the model results are discussed in terms of the cavity due to the closed surface along with suitable energy. The present calculation is based upon the sample thermodynamic data for n-hexanol, such as the ultrasonic wave, density, volume expansion coefficient, and ratio of specific heat in the liquid state, and it is consistent with the thermodynamic relations containing physical parameters such as size and energy. since the data is restricted to n-hexanol, we avoid giving the physical meaning of f, which is the key parameter studied in the present work.

关键词： equations of state Lenard–Jones potential hard-sphere potential