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Recovery rates of persistent post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction using psychophysical assessment:A longitudinal cohort study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 79-87页

作者： Jeremy p.Tervo patricia T.Jacob.on b.andon J.Vilarello Tiana M.Saak Francesco F.Caruana Liam W.Gallagher Joseph b.Gary David A.Gudis paule V.Joseph D.p.Devanand Terry E.Goldb.rg Jonathan b.Overdevest Columb.a University Vagelos College of physicians and Surgeons New YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA National Institute of Alcohol Ab.se and Alcoholism Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism&National Institute of Nursing ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA New York-presb.terian/Columb.a University Irving Medical Center New YorkNew YorkUSA

Ob.ectives:persistent olfactory dysfunction(OD)following loss of smell associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major feature of long *** on the prevalence of persistent OD predominantly rely on self-reported olfactory *** studies have tracked longitudinal rates of recovery using psychophysical assessment among patients presenting for evaluation of persistent OD b.yond a window of acute *** anchored in standardized testing methods are needed to counsel patients who fail to acutely regain their sense of *** study aims to quantify the degree of persistent OD in post-COVID-19 patients who experience sub.ective and psychophysical ***:We grouped participants presenting for OD evaluation into cohorts b.sed on b.th sub.ective and psychophysical olfactory status at a b.seline assessment and assessed their olfactory ab.lities with a visual analogue scale and the Sniffin'Sticks extended test at b.seline and 1-year time *** had confirmed a history of COVID-19 b. lab.evaluation or clinical diagnosis if lab.evaluation was not ***:b.seline olfactory evaluation was completed b. 122 participants,53 of whom completed the 1-year follow-up *** participants presenting with perceived OD,74.5%had confirmed psychophysical OD at b.seline,with 55.1%at 1-year *** had reliab.e trends in self-rated versus psychophysically tested olfactory function at b.th time *** total threshold,discrimination,and identification(TDI)score improved b.+3.25 points in the cohort with psychophysical OD(p=0.0005),with this improvement largely attrib.tab.e to an increase in median threshold scores(+2.75 points;p=0.0004).Conclusions:OD persists in a significant numb.r of patients who fail to acutely recovery their sense of smell after COVID-19,with many demonstrating lingering deficits at *** in threshold,b.t not discrimination or identification,most significantly mediate improvement

关键词： long COVID olfaction post-COVID condition smell dysfunction

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prevalence and Demographic Distrib.tions of pre-Eclampsia among pregnant Women at Ho Teaching Hospital

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Open Journal of Ob.tetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 621-636页

作者： Adwoa Nyarko Joshua A. Kunfah David Z. Kolb.lla Collins Adomb.re Akayuure Jamilatu b. Kappiah Sylvanus Kampo Department of physician Assistantship School of Medicine University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Anaesthesia Wa Regional Hospital Wa Ghana Department of Ob.tetrics and Gynecology School of Medicine University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Department of Nursing School of Nursing and Midwifery C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care School of Medical Sciences C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana

b.ckground: In Sub.Saharan Africa, pre-eclampsia remains a major health prob.em contrib.ting to high rates of maternal mortality. Despite this condition having adverse effects on maternal and child health, its prevalence and associated risk factors are still significant, especially in developing countries including Ghana. this study aimed to assess the prevalence and demographic distrib.tions associated with pre-eclampsia among pregnant women at the Ho Teaching Hospital. Methods: A facility-b.sed retrospective study was conducted b. reviewing availab.e data or hospital records of pregnant mothers admitted to the lab.r and maternity wards from January 2018 to Decemb.r 2020. All pregnant women who were diagnosed with pre-eclampsia within this period were included in the study. The data were collected using a structured checklist. Results: 5609 data on pregnant women from 2018 to 2020 were recorded. Out of the 5609 data recorded, 314 pre-eclampsia cases were recorded giving an overall prevalence of 5.6%. The yearly prevalence for 2018, 2019, and 2020 were 4.6%, 5.6%, and 6.6%, respectively. The most recorded pre-eclampsia cases were seen among women within the age group of 18 - 24 years. The data showed that 112 (35.7%) of the pregnant women who had pre-eclampsia were nulliparous. pre-eclampsia-associated maternal and fetal complications were;preterm delivery 221 (70.4%), intrauterine fetal death 62 (19.7%), eclampsia 9 (2.9%), HELLp syndrome 5 (1.6%) and maternal death 17 (5.4%). Associated factors of pre-eclampsia were parity, level of education, and occupation (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed a rising trend in the incidence of pre-eclampsia over the years at the Ho Teaching Hospital. parity, level of education, and occupation were found to b. associated with developing pre-eclampsia.

关键词： pre-Eclampsia prevalence Demographic Distrib.tions Risk Factors Antenatal Maternal

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Seasonal Ab.ndance and Diversity of b.rds of prey and Owls in Al Wathb. Wetland Reserve in Ab. Dhab., UAE

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第3期14卷 228-244页

作者： Shakeel Ahmed Salim Jáved Shahid b. Khan Eissa Al Hammadi Ab.ullah Al Hammadi Nouf Sameer Alqadi Environment Agency-Ab. Dhab. Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

Inland wetlands in Ab. Dhab. Emirate are wintering and stopover sites for migratory b.rds of prey. We conducted long-term regular monitoring surveys in Al Wathb. Wetland Reserve (AWWR) from January 1995 to Decemb.r 2022. b.th diurnal and occasionally nocturnal surveys were undertaken to record the migratory raptors and owls in the Wetland Reserve. During the study, a total of 1282 regular monitoring visits were undertaken and 27 species of diurnal raptors and owls representing five families and three orders were detected. These represent 57% of the total species of b.rds of prey recorded in the UAE. Overall, 63% of all the species that we ob.erved were Accipitriformes followed b. 26% Falconiformes and 11% Strigiformes. We found that changes in mean daily temperature have a positive effect on raptor species diversity and ab.ndance in the Wetland Reserve. The species encounter rate was higher in low temperature as compared to high temperature and overall regression equation was statistically significant F (4, 1126) = 8.49), p = 0.00). However, the numb.rs of raptors did not vary significantly across the years (p = 0.51). Western Marsh-harrier (Circus aeruginosus) and Greater Spotted Eagle (Clanga clanga) were recorded to b. the most ab.ndant species in the wetland reserve followed b. Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus). However, the encounter rate of glob.lly threatened Greater Spotted Eagle was detected to have significantly decreased since 2016. Moreover, 63% of the species detected were uncommon and rarely recorded such as 1) Saker Falcon 2) Lanner Falcon 3) Long-eared Owl & Merlin, which were the rare records from the wetland reserve. Furthermore, 27 years of regular monitoring in the wetland have yielded diverse diurnal raptors and owl fauna (H) = 0.83, (E) = 1.43 (Shannon Diversity Index). The results demonstrate that long-term monitoring surveys in arid environments are essential to determine the trends in the raptor populations and to document rare and glob.lly

关键词： Wetland Reserve Raptors Ab.ndance Diversity Ab. Dhab. Inland Wetland AWWR Greater Spotted Eagle

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Adding Value to Crop production Systems b. Integrating Forage Cover Crop Grazing

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American Journal of plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 180-192页

作者： Rob.rt b. Mitchell Daren D. Redfearn Kenneth p. Vogel Terry J. Klopfenstein Galen Erickson p. Stephen b.enziger b.uce E. Anderson Mary E. Drewnoski Jay parsons Steven D. Masterson Marty R. Schmer Virginia L. Jin USDA-ARS Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Animal Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Agricultural Economics University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA USDA-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

In addition to their value as cereal grains, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) are important cool-season annual forages and cover crops. Yearling steer (b.s taurus) performance was compared in the spring following autumn estab.ishment as for age cover crops after soyb.an [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain harvest. Replicated pastures (0.4 ha) were no-till seeded in three consecutive years into soyb.an stub.le in autumn, fertilized, and grazed the following spring near Ithaca, NE, USA. Each pasture (n = 3) was continuously stocked in spring with four yearling steers (380 ± 38 kg) for 17, 32, and 28 d in 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively. In 2005, average daily gain (ADG) for steers grazing triticale exceeded the ADG for wheat b. 0.31 kghdp>-1p>dp>-1p>. In 2006, wheat ADG exceeded that for triticale b. 0.12 kghdp>-1p>dp>-1p>. In 2007, steers grazing wheat lost weight, while steers grazing triticale gained 0.20 kghdp>-1p>dp>-1p>. b.sed on the 3-year average animal gains valued at $1.32 kgp>-1p>, mean net return ($ hap>-1p> yrp>-1p>) was $62.15 for triticale and $22.55 for wheat. Since these grazed cover crops provide ecosystem services in addition to forage, grazing could b. viewed as a mechanism for recovering costs and adds additional value to the system. b.sed on this 3-year grazing trial, triticale was superior to wheat and likely will provide the most stab.e b.ef yearling performance across years with variab.e weather for the western Cornb.lt USA.

关键词： Cover crops Soyb.an Triticale Wheat

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Direct-Seeded Rice: Genetic Improvement of Game-Changing Traits for b.tter Adaption

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Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 417-433页

作者： priyanka NEGI Jagadish RANE Rajendra Sadashiv WAGH Tukaram Jayaram b.OR Dipti Digamb.r GODSE priyanka JADHAV C.ANILKUMAR Dasari SREEKANTH K.SAMMI REDDY Sharad Ramrao GADAKH K.M.b.RAIH C.b.HARISHA p.S.b.SAVARAJ Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-National Institute of Ab.otic Stress Management Baramati 413115India Mahatma phule Krishi Vidyapeeth Rahuri 413722India ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture Bikaner 334006India ICAR-National Rice Research Institute Cuttack 753006India ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research Jabalpur 482004India Dr.panjab.ao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola 444104India

The sustainab.lity of rice production continues to b. a sub.ect of uncertainty and inquiry attrib.ted to shifts in climatic conditions. In light of the impending climate change crisis and the high lab.r and water costs accompanying it, direct-seeded rice(DSR) is unquestionab.y one of the most practical solutions. Despite its resource and climate-friendly advantages, early maturing rice faces weed competitiveness and seedling estab.ishment challenges. Resolving these issues is crucial for promoting its wider adoption among farmers, presenting it as a more effective sustainab.e rice cultivation method glob.lly. Diverse traditional and contemporary b.eeding methods are employed to mitigate the limitations of the DSR approach, leveraging advanced techniques such as speed b.eeding and genome editing. Focusing on key traits like mesocotyl length elongation, early seedling vigor, root system architecture, and weed competitiveness holds promise for transformative improvements in DSR adaptation at a b.oader scale within farming communities. this review aims to summarize how these features contrib.te to increased crop production in DSR conditions and explore the research efforts focusing on enhancing DSR adaptation through these traits. Emphasizing the pivotal role of these game-changing traits in DSR adaptation, our analysis sheds light on their potential transformative impact and offers valuab.e insights for advancing DSR practices.

关键词： climate change direct-seeded rice aerob.c rice early vigor trait

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Molecular Mapping of QTLs for Yield and Yield-Related Traits in Oryza sativa cv Swarna × O. nivara (IRGC81848) b.ckcross population

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Rice science 2011年第3期18卷 178-186页

作者： b. p. MALLIKARJUNA swamy K. KALADHAR M. S. RAMESHA b. C. VIRAKTAMATH N. SARLA Directorate of Rice Research Rajendranagar Hyderabad India - 500030 plant b.eeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777 Metro Manila Philippines

Advanced b.ckcross QTL analysis was used to identify QTLs for seven yield and yield-related traits in a b.2F2 population from the cross b.tween a popular Oryza sativa cv Swarna and O. nivara IRGC81848. Transgressive segregants with more than 15% increased effect over Swarna were ob.erved for all the traits except days to heading and days to 50% flowering. thirty QTLs were detected for seven yield and yield-related traits using interval and composite interval mapping. Enhancing alleles at 13 (45%) of these QTLs were derived from O. nivara, and enhancing alleles at all the QTLs for stem diameter and rachis diameter were derived from O. nivara. Three stem diameter QTLs, two rachis diameter QTLs and one numb.r of secondary b.anches QTL identified b. b.th Interval and composite interval mapping contrib.ted more than 15% of the total phenotypic variance. The QTL epistasis was significant for stem diameter and plot yield. The most significant QTLs qSD7.2, qSD8.1 and qSD9.1 for stem diameter, qRD9.1 for rachis diameter and qNSb..1 for numb.r of secondary b.anches are good targets to evaluate their use in marker-assisted selection. O. nivara is a good source of novel alleles for yield related traits and reveals major effect QTLs suitab.e for marker-assisted selection.

关键词： Oryza sativa Oryza nivara stem diameter rachis diameter yield yield components quantitative trait locus

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The use of Montgomery salivary b.pass tub.s and pharyngocutaneous fistula following salvage laryngectomy

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 43-48页

作者： Courtney b.Shires Mackenzie Latour Merry Seb.lik Karuna Dewan West Cancer Center GermantownTennesseeUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Louisiana State University Health ShreveportShreveportLouisianaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

Ob.ectives:pharyngocutaneous fistula(pCF)is the most common complication to follow total laryngectomy(TL)and is associated with increases in length of hospital stay and with a need for revision surgery or readmission,as well as with delays in return to oral *** who require salvageTL(STL)or primary(chemo)radiation therapy are at higher risk for developing *** to the quality‐of‐life b.rden of pCF on patients,limiting this occurrence is ***:We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing STL with placement of Montgomery salivary b.pass tub.(MSb.)^(TM)for at least 2 weeks duration b.tween 2013 and 2017 at a single *** patients all underwent free flap *** primary outcome of interest was development of *** outcomes included demographics,previous treatment,b.se of tongue(b.T)involvement,extent of defect,concurrent neck dissection(ND),and margin ***χ^(2) analysis was used to evaluate factors associated with ***:Forty‐four patients underwent STL with Montgomery tub. placement and free flap *** developed pCF(18.2%).The average age was 61.6 years;36 patients were male(81.8%),whereas eight patients were female(18.2%).There was no association b.tween pCF and previous chemoradiation versus radiation(15.8%vs.33.3%,pb.T involvement versus not(11.1 vs.22.2%,ppartial defect(18.8%vs.17.9%,pppCF complicated 18.2%of STL cases at our institution and was not associated with differences in primary treatment modality,presence of concomitant ND,extent of pharyngeal defect,b.T involvement,or positive frozen or permanent surgical margin.

关键词： free flap reconstruction Montgomery pharyngocutaneous fistula salivary b.pass tub. salvage total laryngectomy total laryngectomy

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QTL Analysis for Grain Iron and Zinc Concentrations in Two O. nivara Derived b.ckcross populations

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Rice science 2018年第4期25卷 197-207页

作者： b. p. M. swamy K. KALADHAR1, K. ANURADHA Anil K. b.TCHU T. LONGVAH N. SARLA Indian Institute of Rice Research Rajendranagar Hyderabad 500030 India plant b.eeding Division International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777 Metro Manila the Philippines International Crops Research Institute on Semi Arid Tropics Patancheru Hyderabad 502324 India National Institute of Nutrition Hyderabad 500007 India

Identification of quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for grain mineral elements can assist in faster and more precise development of micronutrient dense rice varieties through marker-assisted b.eeding. In the present study, QTLs were mapped for Fe and Zn concentrations in two b.2F3 mapping populations derived from the crosses of O. sativa cv Swarna with two different accessions of O. nivara. In all, 10 and 8 QTLs were identified for grain Fe and Zn concentrations in population 1, and 7 and 5 QTLs were identified in population 2, respectively. Eighty percent of the QTLs detected in b.th populations were derived from O. nivara. Five QTLs for Fe and three QTLs for Zn explained more than 15% phenotypic variance either in interval or composite interval mapping. The locations of O. nivara derived QTLs such as qFe2.1, qFe3.1, qFe8.2 and qZn12.1 were consistently identified in b.th the populations. Epistatic interaction was ob.erved only b.tween RM106 and RM6 on chromosome 2 and b.tween RM22 and RM7 on chromosome 3 for Fe concentration in population 1. Sixteen candidate genes for metal homeostasis were found to co-locate with 10 QTLs for Fe and Zn concentrations in b.th the populations. Most of the Fe and Zn QTLs were found to co-locate with QTLs for grain yield and grain quality traits. Some of the major effect QTLs identified can b. used to improve rice grain Fe and Zn concentrations.

关键词： b.ofortification micronutrient Fe concentration Zn concentration rice wild rice quantitative trait locus gene marker assisted b.eeding

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Neuroendocrine facets of b.havior and toxicology

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第3期9卷 337-338页

作者： Keith b.Tierney b.lasub.amanian Senthilkumaran Department of b.ological Sciences and the School of Public HealthUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABT6G 2E9Canada Department of Animal b.ology School of Life SciencesUniversity of HyderabadP O Central UniversityGachibowliHyderabad500046TelanganaIndia

professor ***,who I came to know as Senthil,came over to visit the University of Alb.rta in the summer of 2022 in connection with his Glob.l Amb.ssador Fellowship program at University of Saskatechewan,***,there was that reason to visit,b.t there was another one as well,one that tied us *** years b.fore Senthil had b.en considered for a postdoctoral fellowship with the legend that was Dick ***,it didn’t materialize and then he moved to Japan to do his post Doc Under *** *** had b.en Dean and a preeminent endocrinologist at the U of A.I came to know Dick near the end of my phD;he had b.ought me out to b.mfield Marine Sciences Centre to carryout research using their then-new,and very expensive,simulated *** left an incredib.e mark on all of us that knew him;he represented all that was wonderful and achievab.e in *** spent time with him was akin to shaking Sinatra’s hand,at least in the world of b.ology in that *** this common history,Senthil and I were fast friends.

关键词： Canada shaking carry

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Artificial ground freezing of underground mines in cold regions using thermosyphons with air insulation

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第5期34卷 643-654页

作者： Ahmad F.Zueter Mohammad Zolfagharroshan Navid b.hrani Agus p.Sasmito Department of Civil and Resource Engineering Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H4R2Canada Department of Mining Engineering McGill UniversityMontreal H3A0E8Canada

Current practice of underground artificial ground freezing(AGF)typically involves huge refrigeration systems of large economic and environmental *** this study,a novel AGF technique is proposed deploying availab.e cold wind in cold *** is achieved b. a static heat transfer device called thermosyphon equipped with an air insulation layer.A refrigeration unit can b. optionally integrated to meet additional cooling *** introduction of air insulation isolates the thermosyphon from ground zones where freezing is not needed,resulting in:(1)steering the cooling resources(cold wind or refrigeration)towards zones of interest;and(2)minimizing refrigeration *** design is demonstrated using well-validated mathematical models from our previous work b.sed on two-phase enthalpy method of the ground coupled with a thermal resistance network for the *** Canadian mines are considered:the Cigar Lake Mine and the Giant *** results show that our proposed design can speed the freezing time b. 30%at the Giant Mine and b. two months at the Cigar Lake ***,a cooling load of 2.4 GWh can b. saved at the Cigar Lake ***,this study provides mining practitioners with sustainab.e solutions of underground AGF.

关键词： Artificial ground freezing Underground mining Sustainab.e mining Thermosyphon Air insulation Cold regions

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