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Target b.ood pressure in diab.tes patients with hypertension——What is the accumulated evidence in 2011?

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science b.b.omedicine & b.otechnology) 2011年第8期12卷 611-623页

作者： Peter M.nilsson Department of Clinical Sciences Lund UniversityUniversity Hospital

There is overwhelming evidence that hypertension is an important risk factor for b.th macrovascular and microvascular complications in patients with diab.tes,b.t the prob.em remains to identify appropriate goals for preventive therapies.A numb.r of guidelines (the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Association for the Study of Diab.tes (EASD) 2007,the Joint National Committee (JNC)-Ⅶ 2003,the American Diab.tes Association (ADA) 2011) have for example advocated a b.ood pressure goal of less than 130/80 mmHg,b.t this suggestion has b.en challenged b. findings in recent trials and meta-analyses (2011).The European Society of Hypertension (ESH) therefore recommends a systolic b.ood pressure goal of "well b.low" 140 *** on evidence from b.th randomized controlled trials (hypertension optimal treatment (HOT),action in diab.tes and vascular disease:preterax and diamicron MR controlled evaluation (ADVANCE),action to control cardiovascular risk in diab.tes (ACCORD)) and ob.ervational studies (ongoing telmisartan alone and in comb.nation with ramipril glob.l endpoint trial (ONTARGET),international verapamil-trandolapril study (INVEST),treat to new targets (TNT),and the National Diab.tes Register (NDR)),it has b.en shown that the b.nefit for stroke reduction remains even at lower achieved b.ood pressure levels,b.t the risk of coronary events may b. uninfluenced or even increased at lower systolic b.ood pressure *** a recent meta-analysis,it was therefore concluded that the new recommended goal should b. 130-135 mmHg systolic b.ood pressure for most patients with type 2 *** risk factors should also b. controlled with a more amb.tious strategy applied in the younger patients with shorter diab.tes duration,b.t a more cautious approach in the elderly and frail patients with a numb.r of vascular or non-vascular *** patients from East Asia,such as China,the stroke risk is relatively higher than the risk of coronary *** must al

关键词： b.ood pressure Cardiovascular Diab.tes Goal Hypertension Treatment

Ca^(2＋) involvement in activation of extracellular-signal- regulated-kinase 1/2 and m-calpain after axotomy of the sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第4期12卷 623-628页

作者： Lisa b. Martensson Charlotta Lindwall b.om Lars b. Dahlin Department of Translational Medicine-Hand Surgery Lund UniversityMalmoSweden Cellectricon Ab MolndalSweden Department of Hand Surgery Skane University HospitalMalmoSweden

Detailed mechanisms b.hind regeneration after nerve injury, in particular signal transduction and the fate of Schwann cells （SCs）, are poorly understood. Here, we investigated axotomy-induced activation of extracellular- signal-regulated kinase-1/2 （ERK1/2; important for proliferation） and m-calpain in vitro, and the relation to Ca2＋ deletion and Schwann cell proliferation and death after rat sciatic nerve axotomy. Nerve segments were cultured for up to 72 hours with and without ethylene glycol-b.s（β-aminoethyl ether）- N,N,N＇,N＇-tetraacetic acid （EGTA）. In some experiments, 5-b.omo-2′-deoxyuridine （b.dU） was added during the last 24 hours to detect proliferating cells and propidium iodide （PI） was added at the last hour to detect dead and/or dying cells. Immunohistochemistry of sections of the cultured nerve segments was performed to lab.l m-calpain and the phosphorylated and activated form of ERK1/2. The experiments revealed that immunoreactivity for p-ERK1/2 increased with time in organotypically cultured SCs. p-ERK1/2 and m-calpain were also ob.erved in axons. A significant increase in the numb.r of dead or dying SCs was ob.erved in nerve segments cultured for 24 hours. When deprived of Ca2＋, activation of axonal m-calpain was reduced, whereas p-ERK1/2 was increased in SCs. Ca2＋ deprivation also significantly reduced the numb.r of proliferating SCs, and instead increased the numb.r of dead or dying SCs. Ca2＋ seems to play an important role in activation of ERK1/2 in SCs and in SC survival and proliferation. In addition, extracellular Ca2＋ levels are also required for m-calpain activation and up-regulation in axons. Thus, regulation of Ca2＋ levels is likely to b. a useful method to promote SC proliferation.

关键词： nerve regeneration p-ERK1/2 m-calpain nerve injury signal transduction cell proliferation cell death activation axotomy sciatic nerve neural regeneration

Non-b.eeding movements of the b.ack-tailed Gull(Larus crassirostris)

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 206-214页

作者： Huan Xia Cecilia nilsson Kasper Thorup Chenxi Jia Fumin Lei Key Lab.ratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Center for Macroecology Evolution and ClimateGlobe InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenDK-2100CopenhagenDenmark Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650223China

With the continued development of tracking technology and increasing interest in animal movement,our understanding of migration b.havior has b.come more ***,there are still many species that have not b.en well studied,particularly sea ***,we present the first year-round Glob.l Positioning System(GPS)tracking data of the b.ack-tailed Gull(Larus crassirostris)at the population *** used solar-powered GPS-Glob.l System for Mob.le communication(GSM)loggers to successfully track 30 individuals b.eeding at Xingrentuo Islet,Liaoning Province,China,for 1-3 *** for one individual who roamed in the far north of the Yellow Sea during non-b.eeding period,all others did a directed southward *** routes and wintering sites differed among migrating gulls and b.tween years for the b.rds tracked for two or more ***,during wintering,the migrating gulls were more likely to travel over a large b.dy of water and shift sites,and some trajectories were quite complex,which was prob.b.y closely related to what we ob.erved in the field ab.ut their b.at-chasing *** to wintering movements,the post-b.eeding movements ranged over a smaller ***,almost all of them had a long post-b.eeding period near the b.eeding islet(≥120days,b.eeding islet),and 80%of the gulls who were tracked more than one year had at least one faithful post-b.eeding *** to the post-b.eeding period,only approximately half of the migrating gulls had a pre-b.eeding period that was shorter(3-20 days)and closer to the b.eeding islet(≤80 km).Migration distance varied among migrating gulls(range 209-2405 km)and the gulls moved least distance during postb.eeding ***,we found that the southward movement of the migrating gulls occurred when the temperature near the b.eeding islet dropped;specifically,the gulls directly migrated southward away from the post-b.eeding *** results suggest that the b

关键词： b.ack-tailed Gull GPS tracking Larus crassirostris Migration Post-b.eeding Pre-b.eeding Sea b.rd Wintering

In-situ characterization of metal nanoparticles and their organic coatings using laser-vaporization aerosol mass spectrometry

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Nano Research 2015年第12期8卷 3780-3795页

作者： Patrik T. nilsson Axel C. Eriksson Linus Ludvigsson Maria E. Messing Erik Z. Nordin Anders Gudmundsson b.ngt O. Meuller Knut Deppert Edward C. Fortner Timothy b. Onasch Joakim H. Pagels Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology Lund University P.O. Box 118 Lund SE-22100 Sweden Nuclear Physics Lund University P.O. Box 118 LundSE-22100 Sweden Solid State Physics Lund University P.O. Box 118 Lund SE-22100 Sweden Synchrotron Radiation Research Lund University P.O. Box 118 Lund SE-22100 Sweden Aerodyne Research Inc. Billefica MA 01821-3976 USA

The development of methods to produce nanoparticles with unique properties via the aerosol route is progressing rapidly. Typical characterization techniques extract particles from the synthesis process for sub.equent offiine analysis, which may alter the particle characteristics. In this work, we use laser-vaporization aerosol mass spectrometry （LV-AMS） with 70-eV electron ionization for real-time, in-situ nanoparticle characterization. The particle characteristics are examined for various aerosol synthesis methods, degrees of sintering, and for controlled condensation of organic material to simulate surface coating/functionalization. The LV-AMS is used to characterize several types of metal nanoparticles （Ag, Au, Pd, PdAg, Fe, Ni, and Cu）. The degree of oxidation of the Fe and Ni nanoparticles is found to increase with increased sintering temperature, while the surface organic-impurity content of the metal particles decreases with increased sintering temperature. For aggregate metal particles, the organic-impurity content is found to b. similar to that of a monolayer. b. comparing different equivalent-diameter measurements, we demonstrate that the LV-AMS can b. used in tandem with a differential mob.lity analyzer to determine the compactness of synthesized metal particles, b.th during sintering and during material addition for surface functionalization. Further, materials supplied to the particle production line downstream of the particle generators are found to reach the generators as contaminants. The capacity for such in-situ ob.ervations is important, as it facilitates rapid response to undesired b.havior within the particle production process. This study demonstrates the utility of real-time, in-situ aerosol mass spectrometric measurements to characterize metal nanoparticles ob.ained directly from the synthesis process line, including their chemical composition, shape, and contamination, providing the potential for effective optimization of process operating p

关键词： metal aeroso1 organic surface coating contamination morphology alloy spark discharge

Urb.n Forestry Research in Europe-An Overview

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Chinese Forestry Science and Technology 2003年第1期2卷 5-15页

作者： Cecil C.Konijnendijk Thomas b.Randrup Kjell nilsson Corresponding author:Thomas b. Randrup DFLRI Hoersholm Kongevej 28 DK-2970 Hoersholm Denmark.Fax:+45 45 76 32 33Corresponding author:Thomas B. RandrupDFLRI Hoersholm Kongevej 28 DK-2970 Hoersholm Denmark.Fax:+45 45 76 32 33Danish Forest and Landscape Research Institute Hoersholm Kongevej 11 DK-2970 Hoersholm Denmark

A comprehensive European overview of recent and ongoing research in Europe has b.en carried out within the framework of COST Action E12 'Urb.n Forests and Trees', a pan-European research network. This paper presents some of the main findings of a comparative analysis of 20 individual country reports. The analysis shows that research on urb.n forests and urb.n trees in Europe has a wide scope and is rather fragmented and uncoordinated. Universities and state research institutes, mostly with a forestry or...

关键词： urb.n forestry urb.n forest urb.n trees research overview Europe

Effects of Pumping Height and Repeated Pumping in Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar

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Natural Resources 2016年第6期7卷 377-383页

作者： Åsa Maria Espmark Kjell Ø. Midling Jonatan nilsson Odd-b.rre Humb.rstad Nofima AS Sunndals&oslash ra Norway Nofima AS Troms&oslash Norway Institute of Marine Research Bergen Norway

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of pumping height and repeated pumping on the generalized stress response and gross injuries in harvest sized Atlantic salmon. Fish pumped from a net pen at either high (5.2 m) or low (3.6 m) pumping heights showed an elevated, b.t not severe physiological stress response (pH, pCOb.2b., lactate, potassium, haematocrit, and sodium) compared to fish netted (not pumped), while effects of different pumping heights were overall not demonstrated. Repeated pumping (either 3 or 6 times) also caused an increase in stress response (pH, pCOb.2b., pOb.2b., lactate, potassium and sodium) compared to control fish, and a positive dose-response relationship was found for lactate. No fish died as a result of pumping, nor were injuries ob.erved that could exclusively b. attrib.ted to pumping. In conclusion, although elevated from the control groups, the stress response following increasing pumping height and repeated pumping as conducted in these experiments were not indicative of causing severe stress or injuries.

关键词： Handling Pumping Height Repeated Pumping Atlantic Salmon Stress Welfare

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微量抗原脾内免疫

国外医学（免疫学分册） 1990年第2期13卷 94-96页

作者： b.Ove nilsson Anders Larsson 鲁刚

nilsson等介绍了脾内免疫的方法。对此法灵敏度的估计表明当抗原固定于活化琼脂糖小珠时,总量约80毫微克的牛血清白蛋白(b.A)分散注于4点后能诱导产生血清抗体。微量抗原脾内免疫明显比腹腔内和静脉途径更易产生抗体。Spitz 等人报道... 详细信息

nilsson等介绍了脾内免疫的方法。对此法灵敏度的估计表明当抗原固定于活化琼脂糖小珠时,总量约80毫微克的牛血清白蛋白(b.A)分散注于4点后能诱导产生血清抗体。微量抗原脾内免疫明显比腹腔内和静脉途径更易产生抗体。Spitz 等人报道了脾内一次注射20微克可溶性抗原或2.5×10~5个同种异体细胞均可产生抗体,此后又有所发展。

关键词：抗原脾免疫

Toward Imaging Defect-Mediated Energy Transfer b.tween Single Nanocrystal Donors and Single Molecule Acceptors

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Chemical & b.omedical Imaging 2023年第2期1卷 168-178页

作者： Danielle R.Lustig Zach N.nilsson Justin T.Mulvey Wenjie Zang Xiaoqing Pan Joseph P.Patterson Justin b.Samb.r Department of Chemistry Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado 80523-1872United States Center for Complex and Active Materials and Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaIrvineIrvineCalifornia 92697-2025United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaIrvineIrvineCalifornia 92697-2025United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Irvine Materials Research Instituteand Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineIrvineCalifornia 92697-2025United States Center for Complex and Active Materials Department of Materials Science and Engineeringand Department of ChemistryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineIrvineCalifornia 92697-2025United States Department of Chemistry and School of Advanced Materials Discovery Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado 80523-1872United States

Defect-mediated energy transfer is an energy transfer process b.tween midgap electronic states in a semiconductor nanocrystal(NC)and molecular acceptors,such as fluorescent dye ***-resolution fluorescence microscopy represents an exciting technique for pinpointing the nanoscale positions of lattice defect sites in,for example,a micrometer-sized particle or thin film sample b. spatially resolving the location of the acceptor dye molecules with nanometer *** this goal,our group performed ensemb.e-level,time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy measure-ments of ZnO NC/Alexafluor 555(A555)mixtures and calculated that the emissive defect sites are located,on average,0.5 nm from the NC surface[nilsson,Z.N.;et ***.2021,154(5),054704].However,ensemb.e-level measurements cannot spatially resolve the defect sites on single particles,nor can they distinguish b.tween surface-adsorb.d dye molecules that participate in the energy transfer(EnT)process from those that do *** this work,we compared the photoluminescence intensity trajectories of 789 isolated,single ZnO NC donors to those of 73 non-specifically b.und and five specifically b.und ZnO NC/A555 pairs,where the donor and acceptor centroid positions were separated b. a distance that was smaller than our localization precision(40 nm).We ob.erved minor fluorescence intensity fluctuations in the donor and defect channels instead of clear anticorrelated intensity fluctuations,which could b. explained b.(1)the presence of multiple emissive defect sites per NC,(2)donor-acceptor separation distances slightly larger than the Förster radius(R_(0)=3.1 nm;defined as the distance at which EnT is 50%efficient),and/or(3)poor dipole-dipole *** single molecule imaging methodology we developed,an alternating ultraviolet-visib.e excitation sequence comb.ned with multicolor photon detection,successfully distinguishes specifically b.und and non-specifically b.und NC/dye pairs and can b. applied to

关键词： defects single molecule FRET super-resolution ZnO energy transfer

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with rendezvous cannulation reduces pancreatic injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第36期19卷 6026-6034页

作者： Fredrik Swahn Sara Regnér Lars Enochsson Lars Lundell Johan Permert Magnus nilsson Henrik Thorlacius Urb.n Arnelo Division of Surgery Department of Clinical Science Intervention and TechnologyKarolinska Institutet Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Karolinska University Hospital Department of Clinical Science Lund University Skne University Hospital Department of Surgery Skne University Hospital

AIM:To examine whether rendezvous endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is associated with less pancreatic damage,measured as leakage of proenzymes,than conventional ***:Patients(n=122)with symptomatic gallstone disease,intact papilla and no ongoing inflammation,were prospectively enrolled in this case-controldesigned ***-one patients were sub.ected to laparoscopic cholecystectomy and if intraoperative cholangiography suggested common b.le duct stones(Cb.S),rendezvous ERCP was performed intraoperatively(n=40).Patients with a negative cholangiogram constituted the control group(n=41).Another 41 patients with Cb.S,not sub.ected to surgery,underwent conventional *** proenzymes,procarb.xypeptidase b.and trypsinogen-2 levels in plasma,were analysed at 0,4,8 and 24 *** proenzymes were determined in-house with a doub.e-antib.dy enzyme linked immunosorb.nt *** amylase was measured b. an enzymatic colourimetric modular analyser with the manufacturer’s *** samples were b.inded at ***:Post ERCP pancreatitis(PEP)occurred in3/41(7%)of the patients cannulated with conventional ERCP and none in the rendezvous *** serum levels indicating pancreatic leakage were significantly higher in the conventional ERCP group compared with the rendezvous ERCP group regarding pancreatic amylase levels in the 4-and 8-h samples(P=0.0015;P=0.03),procarb.xypeptidase b.in the4-and 8-h samples(Pb.erved in patients treated with rendezvous cannulation technique compared with patients that underwent cholecystectomy alone(control group).Post procedural concentrations of pancreatic amylase and procarb.xypeptidase b.were significantly correlated with pancreatic duct cannulation and ***:Rendezvous ERCP reduces pancreatic enzyme leakage compared with conventional ERCP cannulation ***,l

关键词： Common b.le duct stones Procarb.xypeptidase b Trypsinogen-2 Pancreatic amylase Intraoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography