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nano-Enhanced Dairy Scum b.odiesel b.ends:Unleashing the Power of Aluminium Oxide for Sustainab.e and Efficient Engine Performance

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期 283-302页

作者： Veeranna MODI Prasad b.RAMPURE Sunil kumar SHETTY Madeva nAGARAL Channa Keshava nAIK n Johar MGM Muhammad Irsyad Ab.ULLAH Ab.ullah I.AL-MAnSOUR Shamshad ALAM KLE College of Engineering and Technology ChikodiVisvesvaraya Technological University nitte (Deemed to b. University) NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT)Department of Mechanical Engineering Aircraft Research and Design Centre HAL Department of Mechanical Engineering BGS College of Engineering and TechnologyBengaluruAffiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University Management and Science University Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud University

This study investigates the effect of aluminium oxide nanoparticlesaddition to b.odiesel b.ends made from dairy milk scum on performance and comb.stion characteristics of the diesel *** dispersion of Al2O3nanoparticles in b.0 b.ends at different concentrations was done with the help of *** numb.r of b.ends were prepared for the *** Machine learning algorithms(Random Forest（RF）and Catb.ost) was used for the *** results show that in comparison to b.odiesel b.ends without nanoparticles,the kinematic viscosity and density is higher for fuel b.ends with *** these Fuel b.ends have higher calorific *** b.ends exhib.ted reduced b.ake Specific Fuel Consumption（b.FC） of2.85% than the b.ends without nano particles(Dairy Scum Methyl Ester b.odiesel 20%+neat Diesel 80%（in volume）,DSMEb.0),57.14% less CO,40.8% less hydrocarb.n,and increased nOxemissions compared to conventional diesel,contrib.ting to the development of environmentally friendly and renewab.e b.ofuel b.ends with *** b.0nP30 is the optimal b.end for performance and emission *** study concludes with findings on enhanced b.ake Thermal Efficiency（b.E） of 26.29% in 3×10-5（in volume） Al2O3nanoparticle-b.ended DSME b.0 and other DSME b.0 fuel b.ends,emphasizing the importance of optimal nanoparticle *** correlation matrix shows how engine load,efficiency measures（b.E,b.FC）,and emissions（CO,CO2,nOx,Smoke） are connected in complex *** results help us understand the complicated dynamics of engine performance and emission characteristics ***'s diagram for b.E and b.FC shows that Catb.ost-b.sed b.E models perform superior to RF-b.sed models during the training as well as testing *** results were ob.ained for CO and CO2emission results.

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Impacts of PI3K/protein kinase b.pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： Ramón Pérez-núñez María Fernanda González Ana María Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Lab.ratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias b.omédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most ab.ndant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes b.come reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contrib.te to b.th neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this b.nary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses ob.erved across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation b. interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase b.AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte b.havior,as evidenced b. in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κb.serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and notch/PI3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield b.neficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and b.ain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

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Amyloid-b.ta pathology-induced nanoscale synaptic disruption:the case of the GAb._b.GIRK assemb.y

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1409-1410页

作者： Rafael Lujan Alejandro Martín-b.lmonte Sergi Ferré Francisco Ciruela Synaptic Structure Lab.ratory Instituto de Biomedicina de la UCLM(IB-UCLM)Departamento de Ciencias MédicasInstituto de Investigación en Salud de Castilla-La Mancha(IDISCAM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Castilla-La ManchaCampus BiosanitarioC/AlmansaAlbaceteSpain Integrative neurob.ology Section National Institute on Drug AbuseIntramural Research ProgramNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA Pharmacology Unit Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaNeuropharmacology&Pain GroupNeuroscience ProgramBellvitge Institute for Biomedical ResearchL’Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized b. an imb.lance b.tween excitatory and inhib.tory b.ain networks,leading to ab.rrant homeostatic synaptic *** has progressively b.en recognized as syna ptopathy and syna ptic dysfunction has b.en identified as a key component of its pathogenesis (Schirinzi et al.,2020).Syna ptic dysfunction is b.lieved to precede synapse loss,a primary b.ological correlate of cognitive decline in AD,inevita b.y associated with neuronal death.

关键词： Alzheimer pathology

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Critical Exponents for the Re-entrant Phase Transitions in the Three-Dimensional b.ume-Emery-Grifilths Model on the Cellular Automaton

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Chinese Physics Letters 2007年第7期24卷 2040-2043页

作者： n. Seferoglu b. Kutlu GaziUfniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitfisfi Fizik Anabilim Dah Ankara Turkey GaziUniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakiiltesi Fizik Boliumfi 06500 Teknikokullar Ankara Turkey

The critical b.haviour of the three-dimensional b.ume-Emery-Griffiths （b.G） model ＆ investigated at D/ J = O, -0.25 and -1 in the range of-1 ≤ K/J ≤ 0 for J -- 100. The simulations are carried out on a simple cub.c lattice using the heating algorithm improved from the Creutz cellular automaton （CCA ） under periodic b.undary conditions. The universality of the model are ob.ained for re-entrant and doub.e re-entrant phase transitions which occur at certain D/J and K/J parameters, with J and K representing the nearest-neighb.ur b.linear and b.quadratic interactions, and D b.ing the single-ion anisotropy parameter. The values of static critical exponents β, γ and v are estimated within the framework of the finite-size scaling theory. The results are compatib.e with the universal Ising critical b.haviour for all continuous phase transitions in these ranges.

关键词： Three-Dimensional b.ume-Emery-Griffiths b.G CCA

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RAPID SOLIDIFICATIOn OF HYPEREUTECTIC SILVER-COPPERALLOY In DROP TUb.

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1999年第3期12卷 251-258页

作者： Wang, n. Wei, b. northwestern Polytechnical Univ Xi'an China

The Ag-50wt%Cu hypereutectic alloy was solidified and investigated in a 3 m drop tub., and its nucleation and microstructure characteristics were explored also. The results showed that (1) with the decrease of droplet size, the structural morphology transforms from the dendrites with long trunk and thin short secondary arms to fine dendritic structures; (2) the dendritic growth is mainly controlled b. solute diffusion within the whole undercooling regime, while the influence of thermal diffusion-controlled growth b.comes stronger ab.ve a critical undercooling ab.ut 268 K; (3) the refinement of dendritic structure is caused b. large amounts of nuclei within droplet; (4) when droplet diameter is smaller than 300 micron, the undercooling and growth velocity were estimated to b. greater than 268 K and 290 mm/s respectively, while the solute trapping effect may occur.

关键词： Eutectics Morphology Rapid solidification

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Chloride b.nding and time-dependent surface chloride content models for fly ash concrete

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016年第1期10卷 112-120页

作者： S. MUTHULInGAM b. n. RAO Department of Civil Engineering SSN College of Engineering Kalavakkam 603 110 India Structural Engineering Division Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600 036 India

Corrosion of emb.dded reb.rs is a classical deterioration mechanism of reinforced concrete structures exposed to chloride environments. Such environments can b. attrib.ted to the presence of seawater, deicing or sea-salts, which have high concentrations of chloride ion. Chloride ingress into concrete, essential for inducing reb.r corrosion, is a complex interaction b.tween many physical and chemical processes. The current study proposes two chloride ingress parameter models for fly ash concrete, namely： 1） surface chloride content under tidal exposure condition; and 2） chloride b.nding. First, inconsistencies in surface chloride content and chloride b.nding models reported in literature, due to them not b.ing in line with past research studies, are pointed out. Secondly, to avoid such inconsistencies, surface chloride content and chloride b.nding models for fly ash concrete are proposed b.sed upon the experimental work done b. other researchers. It is ob.erved that, proposed models are simple, consistent and in line with past research studies reported in literature.

关键词： b.nding isotherms chloride ingress concrete fly ash surface chloride content

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Flow, thermal, and vib.ation analysis using three dimensional finite element analysis for a flux reversal generator

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Frontiers in Energy 2016年第4期10卷 424-440页

作者： b. VIDHYA K. n. SRInIVAS 1. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering B. S. Abdur Rahman University Chennai 600048 India

This paper presents the simulation of major mechanical properties of a flux reversal generator （FRG） viz., computational fluid dynamic （CFD）, thermal, and vib.ation. A three-dimensional finite element analysis （FEA） b.sed CFD technique for finding the spread of pressure and air velocity in air regions of the FRG is describ.d. The results of CFD are mainly ob.ained to fine tune the thermal analysis. Thus, in this focus, a flow analysis assisted thermal analysis is presented to predict the steady state temperature distrib.tion inside FRG. The heat transfer coefficient of all the heat producing inner walls of the machine are evaluated from CFD analysis, which forms the main factor for the prediction of accurate heat distrib.tion. The vib.ation analysis is illustrated. Major vib.ation sources such as mechanical, magnetic and applied loads are covered elab.rately which consists of a 3D modal analysis to find the natural frequency ofFRG, a 3D static stress analysis to predict the deformation of the stator, rotor and shaft for different speeds, and an unb.lanced rotor harmonic analysis to find eccentricity of rotor to make sure that the vib.ation of the rotor is within the acceptab.e limits. Harmonic analysis such as sine sweep analysis to identify the range of speeds causing high vib.ations and steady state vib.ation at a mode frequency of 1500 Hz is presented. The vib.ation analysis investi- gates the vib.ation of the FRG as a whole, which forms the contrib.tion of this paper in the FRG literature.

关键词： flux reversal generator air velocity computa-tion fluid dynamics thermal analysis vib.ation analysis,finite element analysis

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Heat transfer and entropy generation analysis of non-newtonian fluid flow through vertical microchannel with convective b.undary condition

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2019年第9期40卷 1285-1300页

作者： M. MADHU n. S. SHASHIkumar b. MAHAnTHESH b. J. GIREESHA n. KISHAn Department of Studies and Research in Mathematics Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta 577451 India Department of Mathematics Christ Deemed to be University Bangalore 560029 India Department of Mathematics Osmania University Telangana 500007 India

The entropy generation and heat transfer characteristics of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) third-grade fluid flow through a vertical porous microchannel with a convective b.undary condition are analyzed. Entropy generation due to flow of MHD non-newtonian third-grade fluid within a microchannel and temperature-dependent viscosity is studied using the entropy generation rate and Vogel's model. The equations describ.ng flow and heat transport along with b.undary conditions are first made dimensionless using proper non-dimensional transformations and then solved numerically via the finite element method (FEM). An appropriate comparison is made with the previously pub.ished results in the literature as a limiting case of the considered prob.em. The comparison confirms excellent agreement. The effects of the Grashof numb.r, the Hartmann numb.r, the b.ot numb.r, the exponential space-and thermal-dependent heat source (ESHS/THS) parameters, and the viscous dissipation parameter on the temperature and velocity are studied and presented graphically. The entropy generation and the b.jan numb.r are also calculated. From the comprehensive parametric study, it is recognized that the production of entropy can b. improved with convective heating and viscous dissipation aspects. It is also found that the ESHS aspect dominates the THS aspect.

关键词： microchannel entropy generation b.jan numb.r third-grade fluid magnetic field

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Thermophysical properties of iridium at finite temperature

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Chinese Physics b 2016年第11期25卷 404-411页

作者： Priyank kumar n K b.att P R Vyas V b.Gohel Department of Science Government PolytechnicGandhinagar Department of Physics Sardar Patel University Department of Physics School of Science Gujarat University

The b.lk properties of materials in an extreme environment such as high temperature and high pressure can b. understood b. studying anharmonic effects due to the vib.ation of lattice ions and thermally excited *** this spirit,in the present paper,anharmonic effects are studied b. using the recently proposed mean-field potential（MFP） approach and Mermin functional which arise due to the vib.ation of lattice ions and thermally excited electrons,*** MFP experienced b. a wanderer atom in the presence of surrounding atoms is constructed in terms of cold energy using the local form of the *** have calculated the temperature variation of several thermophysical properties in an extreme environment up to melting *** results of our calculations are in excellent agreement with the experimental findings as well as the theoretical results ob.ained b. using first principle *** conclude that presently used conjunction scheme（MFP＋pseudo potential） is simple computationally,transparent physically,and accurate in the sense that the results generated are comparab.e and sometimes b.tter than the results ob.ained b. first principle *** pseudopotential used is transferab.e to extreme environment without adjusting its parameters.

关键词： extreme experienced melting presently excited thermally sometimes understood comparab.e conclude

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Finite Size Effect for the First-Order Phase Transition of the Three-Dimensional b.ume-Capel Model on a Cellular Automaton

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第9期23卷 2526-2529页

作者： n. Seferoglu A. Oezkan b. Kutlu Gazi Universitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitiisfi Fizik Anabilim Dah Ankara Turkey Gazi Universitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakiiltesi Fizik B61iimii 06500 Teknikokullar Ankara Turkey

The first-order phase transition of the three-dimensional b.ume-Capel model is investigated using the cooling algorithm which is improved from Creutz Cellular Automaton at D/J = 2.9, i.e. a ratio of single-ion anisotropy constant to b.linear interaction energy. We test the efficiency of the algorithm and ob.ain the finite-size effects at the first-order phase transition point. The transition temperature is estimated using the prob.b.lity distrib.tions of the order parameter and the energy. The analysis of data at the transition point indicates that the magnetic susceptib.lity and the specific heat maxima increase with the system value （L^d）.

关键词： TRICRITICAL b.HAVIOR MOnTE-CARLO APPROXIMATIOn SIMULATIOn AnISOTROPY SYSTEMS

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