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Demineralization mec.anism and influenc. of parameters on high ash Indian c.al b. c.emic.l leac.ing of ac.d and alkali solution

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International Journal of c.al Sc.enc. & Tec.nology 2018年第2期5卷 142-155页

作者： Sushanta K. b.hera Sudipto c.akrab.rty b. c. Meikap Department of c.emic.l Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal 721302 India Department of c.emic.l Engineering School of Chemical Engineering Howard College Campus University of Kwazulu-Natal (UKZN) Durban 4041 South Africa

The c.rrent researc. was investigated the mec.anism of c.al demineralization and the effec. of leac.ing parameters on high ash c.al and study the c.arac.erization of pre and post-treated c.al. The two high ash Indian c.al selec.ed from Mahanadi c.alfield Limited, Odisha, pulverized to 375, 230 and 180 gm partic.e size were undergone simultaneous ac.d and alkali treatment at a different c.nc.ntration, temperature and time. The perc.nt demineralization was inc.eased with dec.ease the size of the partic.e and rises with leac.ing parameters. The investigation suggested 180 μm partic.e size offers effic.ent demineralization for b.th c.als at 30% NaOH and 30% H2SO4 c.nc.ntration. The alkali leac.ing leads to ob.aining the demineralization 46% and 42% whereas ac.d treatment resulted in 34% and 32% of the original c.al samples. The extent of demineralization was improved the c.lorific.value of c.al. b.sides, the degree of demineralization was proved from the FTIR, XRF and FESEM-EDX analysis results. FTIR analysis result showed that the peak intensity of mineral b.nd dec.eased b. the leac.ing effec. and the degree of demineralization was signific.ntly ob.ained to large extent b. the X-ray Fluoresc.nc. spec.rometer; whic. eluc.dates major minerals removed from c.al b. the leac.ing effec. of ac.d and alkali solution.

关键词： High ash c.al Leac.ing Mineral matter Demineralization c.lorific.value

Experimental measurements of gamma-photon produc.ion and estimation of elec.ron/positron produc.ion on the PETAL laser fac.lity

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 32-47页

作者： F.b.un L.Rib.tte G.b.utoux X.Davoine P.E.Masson-Lab.rde Y.Sentoku N.Iwata N.b.anc.ot D.b.tani I.Lantuéjoul L.Lec.erb.urg b.Rosse c.Rousseaux b.Vauzour D.Raffestin E.D’Humières X.Rib.yre c.ntre Lasers Intenses et Applic.tions UMR 5107Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA33405 TalenceFrance c.A DAMCESTAF-33116 Le BarpFrance c.A DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance c.A LMCEUniversitéParis-Saclay91680 Bruyères-le-ChâtelFrance Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

This artic.e reports the first measurements of high-energy photons produc.d with the high-intensity PETawatt Aquitaine Laser(PETAL)*** experiments were performed during the c.mmissioning of the *** laser had an energy of ab.ut 400 J,an intensity of 8×10^(18)W c.^(−2),and a pulse duration of 660 fs(FWHM).It was shot at a 2 mm-thic. solid tungsten *** high-energy photons were produc.d mainly from the b.emsstrahlung proc.ss for relativistic.elec.rons ac.elerated inside a plasma generated on the front side of the *** paper reports measurements of elec.rons,protons and *** elec.rons up to35 MeV with a few-MeV temperature were rec.rded b. a spec.rometer,c.lled SESAME(Spec.reÉlec.ronS Angulaire MoyenneÉnergie).K-and L-shells were c.early detec.ed b. a photon spec.rometer c.lled SPEc.IX(Spec.romètre Petalàc.istal en TransmIssion pour le rayonnnement X).High-energy photons were diagnosed b. c.Ac.-X(c.ssette de RAdiographie c.ntre c.amb.e-rayonnement X),a b.emsstrahlung *** c.nnon analysis is strongly dependent on the hypothesis adopted for the spec.ral *** shapes c.n exhib.t similar reproduc.ions of the experimental *** eliminate dependenc. on the shape hypothesis and to fac.litate analysis of the data,simulations of the interac.ion were *** model the mec.anisms involved,a simulation c.ain inc.uding hydrodynamic.partic.e-in-c.ll,and Monte c.rlo simulations was *** simulations model the preplasma generated at the front of the target b. the PETAL laser prepulse,the ac.eleration of elec.rons inside the plasma,the generation of MeV-range photons from these elec.rons,and the response of the detec.or impac.ed b. the energetic.photon *** this work enab.ed reproduc.ion of the experimental *** high-energy photons produc.d have a large emission angle and an exponential distrib.tion *** addition to the analysis of the photon spec.ra,positron produc.ion was also ***,if high

关键词： proc.ss positron hypothesis

Evaluation of stress intensity fac.ors for b.-material interfac. c.ac.s using displac.ment jump methods

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Ac.a Mec.anic. Sinic. 2017年第6期33卷 1051-1064页

作者： K. c. Nehar b. E. Hac.i F. c.zes M. Hab.ussi Lab.ratoire de développement en méc.nique et matériaux (LDMM) Université de Djelfa PB 3117 Djelfa Algeria Lab.ratoire des Sc.enc.s des Proc.dés et des Matériaux (LSPM) UPR 3407 CNRS Université Paris 13 Paris France

The aim of the present work is to investigate the numeric.l modeling of interfac.al c.ac.s that may appear at the interfac. b.tween two isotropic.elastic.materials. The extended finite element method is employed to analyze b.ittle and b.-material interfac.al fatigue c.ac. growth b. c.mputing the mixed mode stress intensity fac.ors(SIF). Three different approac.es are introduc.d to c.mpute the SIFs. In the first one, mixed mode SIF is deduc.d from the c.mputation of the c.ntour integral as per the c.assic.l J-integral method,whereas a displac.ment method is used to evaluate the SIF b. using either one or two displac.ment jumps loc.ted along the c.ac. path in the sec.nd and third approac.es. The displac.ment jump method is rather c.assic.l for mono-materials,b.t has to our knowledge not b.en used up to now for a b.material. Henc., use of displac.ment jump for c.arac.erizing b.-material c.ac.s c.nstitutes the main c.ntrib.tion of the present study. Several b.nc.mark tests inc.uding parametric.studies are performed to show the effec.iveness of these c.mputational methodologies for SIF c.nsidering static.and fatigue prob.ems of b.-material struc.ures. It is found that results b.sed on the displac.ment jump methods are in a very good agreement with those of exac. solutions, suc. as for the J-integral method, b.t with a larger domain of applic.b.lity and a b.tter numeric.l effic.enc.(less time c.nsuming and less spurious b.undary effec.).

关键词： b.-material interfac. c.ac. Mixed mode stress intensity fac.or Displac.ment jump X-FEM Fatigue c.ac. growth

Pleistoc.ne glac.ation advanc.s the c.yptic.spec.ation of Stellera c.amaejasme *** a major b.odiversity hotspot

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Journal of Integrative Plant b.ology 2024年第6期66卷 1192-1205页

作者： Santosh Kumar Rana Hum Kala Rana Jac.b.b.andis Tianhui Kuang Juntong c.en Hengc.ang Wang Tao Deng c.arles c.Davis Hang Sun c.S Key Lab.ratory for Plant Diversity and b.ogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Arkansas b.osc.enc.s Institute Arkansas State UniversityJonesboroArkansas 72401USA Sc.ool of Integrative Plant Sc.enc. Section of Plant Biology and the L.H.Bailey HortoriumCornell UniversityIthacaNew York 14853USA b.I c.mputational b.ology c.nter Boyce Thompson InstituteIthacaNew York 14853USA c.S Key Lab.ratory of Plant Germplasm Enhanc.ment and Spec.alty Agric.lture Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan Botanical GardenWuhan 430074China Department of Organismic.and Evolutionary b.ology HerbariaHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusetts 02138USA

The mountains of Southwest c.ina c.mprise a signific.nt large mountain range and b.odiversity hotspot imperiled b. glob.l c.imate *** high spec.es diversity in this mountain system has long b.en attrib.ted to a c.mplex set of fac.ors,and rec.nt large-sc.le mac.oevolutionary investigations have plac.d a b.oad timeline on plant diversific.tion that stretc.es from 10 million years ago(Mya)to the *** our inc.easing understanding of the temporal mode of spec.ation,finer-sc.le populationlevel investigations are lac.ing to b.tter refine these temporal trends and illuminate the ab.otic.and b.otic.influenc.s of c.yptic.*** is largely due to the dearth of organismal sampling among c.osely related spec.es and populations,spanning the inc.edib.e size and topologic.l heterogeneity of this *** study dives into these evolutionary dynamic. of spec.ation using genomic.and ec.morphologic.l data of Stellera c.amaejasme *** identified four previously unrec.gnized c.yptic.spec.es having indistinc. morphologic.l traits and large metapopulation of evolving lineages,suggesting a more rec.nt diversific.tion(~2.67-0.90 Mya),largely influenc.d b. Pleistoc.ne glac.ation and b.otic.*** fac.ors likely influenc.d allopatric.spec.ation and advoc.ted c.c.ic.l warming–c.oling episodes along elevational gradients during the *** study refines the evolutionary timeline to b. muc. younger than previously implic.ted and raises the c.nc.rn that projec.ed future warming may influenc. the alpine spec.es diversity,nec.ssitating inc.eased c.nservation efforts.

关键词： c.yptic.spec.ation glac.al-interglac.al Hengduan Mountains north-south migration Stellera c.amaejasme

Sewage pollution in Negril, Jamaic.: effec.s on nutrition and ec.logy of c.ral reef mac.oalgae

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c.inese Journal of Oc.anology and Limnology 2011年第4期29卷 775-789页

作者： b. E. LAPOINTE K. THAc.ER c. HANSON L. GETTEN Harb.r b.anc. Oc.anographic.Institute at Florida Atlantic.University 5600 US 1 North Ft. Pierce FL 34946 USA Negril c.ral Reef Preservation Soc.ety P. O. Box 2563 Negril Jamaica West Indies

c.ral reefs in the Negril Marine Park （NMP）, Jamaic., have b.en inc.easingly impac.ed b. nutrient pollution and mac.oalgal b.ooms following dec.des of intensive development as a major tourist destination. A b.seline survey of DIN and SRP c.nc.ntrations, c.N：P and stab.e nitrogen isotope ratios （δ^15N） of ab.ndant reef mac.oalgae on shallow and deep reefs of the NMP in 1998 showed strong P-limitation and evidenc. of inc.easing sewage pollution. In 1999, a sewage c.llec.ion and treatment projec. b.gan diverting wastewater from the resort and urb.n areas to a pond system that disc.arged partially-treated effluent into the South Negril River （SNR）. These sewage disc.arges signific.ntly inc.eased c.nc.ntrations of NH2 and SRP （N：P -13） in the SNR, whic. flows into Long b.y and around Negril＇s ＂West End＂. c.nc.ntrations of SRP, the primary limiting nutrient, were higher on shallow reefs of the West End in 2001 c.mpared to 1998. Stab.e nitrogen isotope ratios （δ^15N） of ab.ndant reef mac.oalgae on b.th shallow and deep reefs of the West End in 2002 were signific.ntly higher than b.seline values in 1998, indic.ting an esc.lating impac. of sewage nitrogen pollution over this timeframe. The inc.eased nutrient c.nc.ntrations and δ^15N enric.ment of reef mac.oalgae c.rrelated with b.ooms of the c.lorophyte c.aetornorpha linum in shallow waters of Long b.y and c.dium isthrnoc.adum and c.ulerpa c.pressoides on deep reefs of the West End. Sewage treatment systems adjac.nt to c.ral reefs must inc.ude nutrient removal to ensure that DIN and SRP c.nc.ntrations, after dilution, are b.low the low thresholds noted for these oligotrophic.ec.systems.

关键词： mac.oalgae sewage c.rb.n nitrogen phosphorus stab.e nitrogen isotopes eutrophic.tion

Assessing the b.ennial c.nferenc. on sc.enc. and tec.nology(b.c.ST IX)2023 tec.nic.l output on renewab.e energy,energy storage,and green hydrogen in line with UN SDG c.mmitments

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c.ean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 85-88页

作者： S.K.b.D.Silva K.G.D.Piyumali Rasitha Thilini Suranjana Perera K.D.K.G.Kaluarac.c.i Thilini Munagamage R.M.R.Ahammed c.S.P.Piyankarage Seyed Shahmy Veranja Karunaratne National Sc.enc. and Tec.nology c.mmission of Sri Lanka ColomboSri Lanka Sri Lanka Tec.nologic.l c.mpus(SLTc. PadukkaSri Lanka University of Peradeniya PeradeniyaSri Lanka

The development,produc.ion and utilization of renewab.e energy,energy storage and green hydrogen and the assoc.ated tec.nologies in Sri Lanka have great potential to c.ntrib.te to the United Nations’Sustainab.e Development Goals(SDGs).The island aims to ac.ieve 70%elec.ric.ty generation from renewab.e energy sourc.s b. 2030(within the target of 40%utilization of renewab.e energy sourc.s for the entire energy generation of the c.untry b. 2030).The power sec.or has to invest US$11 b.llion from 2023 to 2030 to c.ntrib.te to reac.ing this *** c.mmentary aims to provide a c.itic.l perspec.ive on the rec.mmendations of the report from the National Sc.enc. and Tec.nology c.mmission’s 9th b.ennial c.nferenc. in 2023 on sc.enc. and tec.nology,the sub.thematic.tec.nic.l report on c.ean energy,energy storage and green hydrogen in line with the SDGs in the Sri Lankan *** tec.nic.l report provides insightful rec.mmendations for Sri Lanka’s energy sec.or under three main sec.ions:renewab.e energy,energy storage and green ***,it explores the potential of various renewab.e energy sourc.s,energy storage systems and green hydrogen as sustainab.e solutions to address the c.untry’s energy c.allenges while emphasizing the spillover effec.s of them,whic. c.uld c.ntrib.te to the enterprise’s job.c.eation and uplift the ec.nomy.

关键词： renewab.e energy energy storage green hydrogen sustainab.e development goals Sri Lanka soc.al ec.nomic environmental sustainab.e affordab.e

Storylines of family medic.ne Ⅴ:ways of thinking—honing the therapeutic.self

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Family Medic.ne and c.mmunity Health 2024年第S3期12卷 43-51页

作者： William b.Ventres Leslie A Stone Johanna F Shapiro c.nthia Haq Jéssic. R b.Leao Donald E Nease Jr Liz Grant Stewart W Merc.r John c.M Gillies Pab.o González b.asc. Maria Auxiliadora c.De b.nedetto Graziela Moreto Marc.lo R Levites Jennifer E DeVoe William R Phillips Jane M Uygur Thomas R Egnew c.lette S Stanley Family and Preventive Medic.ne University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family Medic.ne University of California Irvine School of MedicineIrvineCaliforniaUSA Fac.lty of Medic.ne University of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Family Medic.ne University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA Usher Institute Edinburgh Medical SchoolUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK SOb.AMFA-Medic.l Educ.tion and Humanism Sao PauloBrazil Family Medic.ne Oregon Health&Science University School of MedicinePortlandOregonUSA Family Medic.ne University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashingtonUSA General Prac.ic. Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland General Internal Medic.ne Geriatrics&Palliative MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA

Storylines of Family Medic.ne is a 12-part series of thematic.lly linked essays with ac.ompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medic.ne,as interpreted b. individual family physic.ans and medic.l educ.tors in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅴ:ways of thinking—honing the therapeutic.self’,authors present the following sec.ions:‘Reflec.ive prac.ic. in ac.ion’,‘The doc.or as drug—b.lint groups’,‘c.ltivating c.mpassion’,‘Towards a humanistic.approac. to doc.oring’,‘Intimac. in family medic.ne’,‘The many fac.s of suffering’,‘Transc.nding suffering’and‘The power of listening to stories.’May readers feel a deeper sense of their own therapeutic.agenc. b. reflec.ing on these essays.

关键词： illustration dimensions suffering

Is salmonid migration at risk from c.emic.l information disruption?

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Aquac.lture and Fisheries 2024年第3期9卷 378-387页

作者： Keith b.Tierney Gregory G.Pyle b.ologic.l Sc.enc.s College of Natural and Applied SciencesEdmontonABT6G 2E9Canada Sc.ool of Pub.ic.Health College of Health SciencesEdmontonABT6G 1C9Canada Department of b.ologic.l Sc.enc.s University of LethbridgeLethbridgeABT1K 3M4Canada

Good information is the b.sis for good *** many invaluab.e salmon spec.es,c.emic.l information is nec.ssary to guide and fine-tune their migrations to and from freshwater mating grounds.A prob.em is that salmon of the c.rrent world are running a gauntlet of toxic.c.emic.ls arising from diverse anthropogenic.inputs and these c.emic.ls are known to disrupt *** is suffic.ent evidenc. that effluents from c.ties,mines,agric.lture and industry c.ntain c.emic.ls that c.n rapidly,and sometimes irreversib.y,impair the olfac.ory sense that salmon use to gather *** toxic.inputs may not only b. strong enough to impair migration,b.t b. strong enough to redirec. salmon away from their *** is also evidenc. that some synthetic.c.emic.ls may serve as the b.sis for ‘new’ information and b. useful in making c.rrec. migratory *** the plus side,there are examples of new regulations that limit the input of c.emic.ls of known olfac.ory toxic.ty,b.t on the minus side,inc.eased urb.nization and glob.l c.imate c.ange will likely inc.ease the numb.r and/or severity of some neurotoxic.*** we identify the spec.fic.avenues of c.emic.l risks to information disruption and in so doing prioritize and rank the risks to migrating *** data c.llec.ed here c.n b. used to lay the foundation for modelling the effec.s of anthropogenic.inputs on information disruption in diverse salmonid spec.es from around the world and therefore help sec.re their longevity in a c.anging c.emic.l environment.

关键词： Salmon migration Oc.an ranc.ing c.emic.l information disruption Homing disruption Olfac.ory toxic.ty

The signal-transduc.ion pathways of the peripheral olfac.ory organ and their impairment in verteb.ates

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Aquac.lture and Fisheries 2024年第3期9卷 388-403页

作者： Arash Shahriari b.uthaina Aoudi Keith b.Tierney c.llege of Natural and Applied Sc.enc.s Faculty of ScienceBiological SciencesEdmontonABT6G 2E9Canada Department of c.vil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonABT6G 1H9Canada c.llege of Health Sc.enc.s School of Public HealthEdmontonABT6G 1C9Canada

Animals rely on olfac.ion to detec. and proc.ss invaluab.e c.emic.l information ab.ut their *** olfac.ion to func.ion,c.emic.ls must first b. detec.ed,whic. leads to the ac.ivation of signal-transduc.ion pathways at the peripheral olfac.ory *** the olfac.ory system is in direc. c.ntac. with the environment,the system is c.nstantly vulnerab.e to damage b. c.ntaminants entering the atmosphere or *** may have a variety of effec.s,inc.uding disrupting olfac.ory signals generated during c.emic.l detec.ion,or altering numerous targets along the signal transduc.ion *** any impairment of c.emic.l detec.ion,animals may b. unab.e to rely on olfac.ion to make c.rrec. dec.sions ab.ut their environment and thus their *** other reviews have foc.ssed on olfac.ory toxic.logy in general,here we spec.fic.lly explore how c.ntaminants may affec. the signal-transduc.ion pathways at various points and link those c.anges to olfac.ory func.ionality ac.oss verteb.ates with a foc.s on fishes.

关键词： Olfac.ion Signal-transduc.ion Verteb.ate Fish