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Meteorological drought in semi-arid regions:A case study of Iran

Journal of Arid Land 2022年第11期14卷 1212-1233页

作者： Hushiar HAMARASH Rahel HAMAD azad rasul Scientific Research Center Soran UniversitySoran 44008Iraq Faculty of Arts Department of GeographySoran UniversitySoran 44008Iraq

Drought occurs in almost all climate zones and is characterized by prolonged water deficiency due to unbalanced demand and supply of water,persistent insufficient precipitation,lack of moisture,and high *** caused by insufficient precipitation is a temporary and recurring meteorological *** in semi-arid regions is different from that in other regions,ranging from 50 to 750 *** general,the semi-arid regions in the west and north of Iran received more precipitation than those in the east and *** Terrestrial Climate(TerraClimate)data,including monthly precipitation,minimum temperature,maximum temperature,potential evapotranspiration,and the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI)developed by the University of Idaho,were used in this *** PDSI data was directly obtained from the Google Earth Engine *** Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI)and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI)on two different scales were calculated in time series and also both SPI and SPEI were shown in spatial distribution *** result showed that normal conditions were a common occurrence in the semi-arid regions of Iran over the majority of years from 2000 to 2020,according to a spatiotemporal study of the SPI at 3-month and 12-month time scales as well as the SPEI at 3-month and 12-month time ***,the PDSI detected extreme dry years during 2000-2003 and in 2007,2014,and *** many semi-arid regions of Iran,the SPI at 3-month time scale is higher than the SPEI at 3-month time scale in 2000,2008,2014,2015,and *** general,this study concluded that the semi-arid regions underwent normal weather conditions from 2000 to *** a way,moderate,severe,and extreme dry occurred with a lesser percentage,gradually *** to the PDSI,during 2000-2003 and 2007-2014,extreme dry struck practically all hot semi-arid regions of *** parts of the cold semi-arid regions,on the other hand,only ex

关键词： meteorological drought precipitation Standardized Precipitation Index Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index Palmer Drought Severity Index Iran

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Chemical and Microbiological Hazards of Dried Fishes in Bangladesh: A Food Safety Concern

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2020年第6期11卷 523-539页

作者： Md. Golam rasul Chunhong Yuan A. K. M. azad Shah Department of Fisheries Technology Faculty of Fisheries Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur Bangladesh Department of Food Production and Environmental Management Faculty of Agriculture Iwate University Morioka Japan

Food safety along with nutrition is an important issue in the present word. Only nutritionally safe food can ensure a healthy balanced diet to consumers. Dried fish is a popular processed fishery product not only in our country, but also in many countries of the world. It is a very good source of dietary protein, lipid and minerals necessary for a healthy body. The consumers of dried fish in national and international level are losing their interest to buy dried fish due to poor quality and safety of the products. Therefore, we reviewed the state of knowledge regarding the contamination level of dried fish by heavy metals, harmful pesticides, amount of lipid oxidation, and microbial quantity and quality from several districts in Bangladesh. The data reviewed in this article revealed that several dried fishes contaminated with excess amount of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr etc.), pesticide residue (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, heptachlor, endrin, aldrin, dieldrin), higher degree of lipid oxidation, excess amount of total plate count and presence of highly pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella sp. Vibrio sp. were found in few dried fish that may cause substantial human health hazard after consumption. The possible factors of these hazards are traditional drying, use of illegal pesticides with higher dose, lack of maintaining proper hygiene, sanitation, packaging, storage, distribution as well as wat

关键词： Organochlorine Chemicals Heavy Metals Lipid Oxidation Microorganisms Dried Fish

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Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Green Roof System in a Subtropical Climate Using Fluent

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2014年第4期2卷 113-119页

作者： S. F. Ahmed T. Ahasan M. G. rasul M. M. K. Khan A. K. azad School of Engineering and Technology Central Queensland University Rockhampton Campus QueenslandAustralia

Energy disaster is one of the major obstacles in the progress of human society. There are some on-going researches to overcome this for a sustainable environment. Green roof system is one of them which assist to reduce energy consumption of the buildings. The green roof system for a building involves a green roof that is partially or completely covered with vegetation and plant over a waterproofing membrane. Green roofs provide shade and remove heat from the air through evapotranspiration, reducing temperatures of the roof surface and the surrounding air. This paper reports the thermal performance of hybrid green roof system for a hot and humid subtropical climatic zone in Queensland, Australia. A thermal model is developed for the green roof system using ANSYS Fluent. Data were collected from two modelled rooms, one connected with green roof system and other non-green roof system. The rooms were built from two shipping containers and?installed at Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia. Impact of air temperature on room cooling performance is assessed in this study. A temperature reduction of 0.95°C was observed in the room with green roof which will save energy cost in buildings. Only 1.7% variation in temperature was found in numerical result in comparison with experimental result.

关键词： Thermal Performance Green Roof Subtropical Climate ANSYS Fluent

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